2018年6月四级阅读考试第一套解析

　　2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试于6月16日进行，新浪教育24小时全程关注，为你带来第一手四六级考试资讯。以下为英语四级阅读详解：

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage。

　　Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary。 We know the risk of dementia （痴呆） increases with age。 But if you have memory slips， you probably needn’t worry。 There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss。

　　After age 50， it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and thing quickly， says Dr。 Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston。

　　The brain ages just like the rest of the body。 Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning。 Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain。 And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow。

　　Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about。 But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it， that’s far more concerning， Daffner says。

　　When you forget entire experiences， he says， that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved。” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong。

　　But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn’t panic.There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing， high blood pressure， or depression， as well as medications like antidepressants。 Even over-the-counter remedies like antihistamines can contribute to memory loss。

　　And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive （认知的） reserve， Daffner says。

　　“Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，” he says。 In other words， keep your brain busy and working。 And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster。

　　46。 Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips？

　　A） Not all of them are symptoms of dementia。

　　B） They occur only among certain groups of people。

　　C） Not all of them are related to one’s age。

　　D） They are quite common among fifty-year-olds。

　　47。 What happens as we become aged according to the passage？

　　A） Our interaction skills deteriorate。

　　B） Some parts of our brain stop functioning。

　　C） Communication within our brain weakens。

　　D） Our whole brain starts shrinking。

　　48。 Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？

　　A） Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines。

　　B） Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences。

　　C） Failure to remember the names of movies or actors。

　　D） Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends。

　　49。 What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up？

　　A） Check the brain’s cognitive reserve。 C） Turn to a professional for assistance。

　　C） Stop medications affecting memory。 D） Exercise to improve their well-being。

　　50。 What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss？

　　A） Having regular physical and mental checkups。

　　B） Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain。

　　C） Engaging in known memory repair activities。

　　D） Staying active both physically and mentally。

　　46。 A） Not all of them are symptoms of dementia

　　题干关键词为memory slips，slip意思为小错误，可定位到原文第一段第二句和第三句。结合题干和原文可知，记忆的小错误并非全是痴呆的症状，而可能是由于年龄大。题干中symptoms意为症状和原文中的signs为同义替换。

　　47.C） Communication within our brain weakens

　　题干意思为随着年龄增大，将会发生什么变化。根据出题顺序，第二段没有提到变化，第三段第三句有changes，意思为，脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域间的沟通。此和C选项为同义替换，C选项题干意思为大脑内部的沟通会弱化。

　　48。 A）Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines

　　题干意思为哪一些症状应该被认真对待。关键词为symptoms和take seriously。第四段有far more concerning，意为严正关切，可知答案在第五段。本段列举了两个例子，一个是忘记了一些日常的东西比如烤箱的操作，一个是忘记了如何开车去老友家。题干A意思为完全忘记了如何去操作平常的一些例行公事。符合例子的特点。因此选A。

　　49.A） Check the brain’s cognitive reserve

　　题干意思为，当严重的记忆衰退出现的时候，应该做什么？可定位到第6段最后一句“defense against memory …by building up your brain’s cognitive reserve。”符合A选项描述。

　　50。 D） Staying active both physically and mentally

　　据advice可定位到最一段。根据最后两句话可知既有脑力的也有体力的建议。符合D选项的描述。

　　来源：新东方

　　作者：厦门新东方陈树通老师