新东方TOEFL2001.10月班笔记--听力 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2002/06/27 13:13 寄托天下 |
TOEFL复习笔记(第一部分:听力) TOEFL听力主考思路 TOEFL听力的主题:校园生活 TOEFL听力不考的话题:politics religion campus violence(校园暴力)campus police(校园警察) human rights等等unhappy的话题,TOEFL听力永远考美国光明的一面。 如何提高听力水平? 1.语音问题 a)美语的发音 英[α:]→美[æ]glass [α:]→[æ] 英[o]→美[Λ] hot[o]→[Λ] (美语的这个音界于[o]和[α:]之间) 美语r音的存在,只有在有字母r的时候才有 个别单词的发音: diverse E [dai’v :s]→A [d‘v :s],且有r的音 hostileE['hostail]→A['hΛs] b)连读,不爆破发音(失爆) 连读:元辅音在一起,连读。 run out of fit it in 失爆:爆破音:[b] [p] [t] [d] [g] 两个爆破音在一起,前一个爆破音就要失爆。 Blackboard→blac(k)board I wen(t) downtown yesterday. c)跟读磁带(跟读一盘TOEFL听力磁带) d)语音语调 2.词汇问题: a)表达口语化: 1) I’ve got to lose weight. 2) Have you got the time?/↑Got the time? (几点了?) 3) Got time? (有空吗?言下之意:我想请你吃饭) 4) Care to come? (=Would you like to come?) =Wanna come? (wanna=want togonna=be going to) 5)I got the feeling. (=I think.) 6)I’m under the imparession. (=I remember.) 7)The book is fat. (这本书很厚) 8)a must-(h)ave(必备的) a must-see (必看的) a must-eat (必吃的) a must-play (必玩的) 9)I missed the beauty of……(我曾错过的……最美好的) b)词意TOEFL化: student government学生会 student council / student association学生会 make up补课/补考 c)词义多样化反应顺序考试频率 fix修理,做饭(fix dinner) serve上菜,服务(网球)发球 order订购,点菜,顺序(in order / out of order) paper论文,报纸,身份证件,文件(papers),纸 3.听力的思维: a)对话场景化:听信号词/关键词→定位场景→话题 b)场景规律化 hit the spot=out of this world棒极了(形容…好吃) it was hardly worth the money (形容食物太贵太难吃) I was broke.没钱了 save for the rainy days存钱以备不时之需 open semame (哩语)…的开门砖,…的诀窍 c)思维学生化 TOEFL听力选项原则(适用于PART A) 1.迅速看选项,找出其中相同、相似、相关的东西,确定场景,预测内容。 2.排除不符合TOEFL思路的选项,排除不合逻辑、常识的选项,排除读起来拗 口的选项。 3.注意选项中的主谓及标志词。 Δ主语(题)做题法: 4个选项主语不一致的时候,只要找对与对话中的主语一致的,即为正确答案。 Δ标志词:如shuold表示“建议”,agree表示“同意”等等。 4.注意意思相反的两个选项,正确选项必居其一。 5.注意相似的两个选项 6.注意有同义词的选项。 7.注意有反义词的选项。 8.注意有同形异义词的选项。如:A. go to the parkB. park the carpark在对话中的含义不一样。 9.注意数字及数字所修饰的名词n. 10.在小对话题中听见什么不选什么。 TOEFL段落题题目特征: 对话2个,passage3个,一般一段4个问题。 开头一条,结尾一条,终结两条。 开头:TOPIC句题:开头句型,开头语气和原词,重复率高的词:原词的数/概念的重复。 场景:who what where why 中段:细节题 结尾题 TOEFL段落题解题思路: 1.确定段落的主题(找相同相似相关的东西) 2.反推段落的问题 如果两个选项相似,正确答案必居其一。 段落第一条是n./名词性短语,则是TOPIC题。 段落中间是n/名词性短语,只要文中提到,就是正确答案。即:听到什么选什么。 TOEFL对话段落题的题型: 1.所听即所选(93、5、36) 2.重复原则,重复多的就是答案(93、5、37) 3.强调原则,强调多的就是答案(93、5、38) 4.建议原则,有建议的就是考点。 5.对话题结构特点: 开头:打招呼后,信息作为开头。 结尾:最后一句。 TOEFL错题原因: 慢热(听时不看) Part A 走神(延长时间) 连错(学会放弃) 读题(先紧后松) 老题重要题型: 中间带but转折题: 1.语气转折:90.1.33/96.12.A14 2.表单词多种含义89.8.24/96.10.A2 对一般疑问句的回答: 1.听清第二句开头的短结构89、8、32 2.间接回答一定表示反对96、10、A12 3.听不懂没关系(第二句长而绕),选一个否定答案就可以96、8、30 4.第一句语调特征:最后为升调 5.第二句习语。 6.把第一个的一般疑问句否定,就是答案。 虚拟语气题:(非直接条件句) ∆答案反着给 eg:93.5.15 a) 4种基本构成 1) if only 2) I wish 3) If clause a)与现在相反:从句用过去式,主句用would do b)与过去相反:从句用过去完成式(had p.p) 主句用would have done b)注意虚拟语气的时态(虚拟语气的时态要往前推一个时态) If I had a computer, I would have the paper in time. →I need a computer.√ I didn’t have a computer. X (时态错) c)注意上下文的场景,注意虚拟愈气与真实条件句的区别: If he is the boss,things will be different. (真实条件句) →He is a boss.√ He isn’t a boss.√ d)正确答案的标志: 1)虚拟语气结构内部进行替换 quse: if only→ans: I wish 2)用否定直接表示实际情况(93、5、15) 3)表达一种无法实现的愿望,所以总是表达愿望不能实现的事情。 regret pity bad… a)标志结构:if only I might have done sth if…90.1.A12/93.5.15 G)答案中陈述客观事实做答98.8.国内13/98.10.19 建议题型: 第二句的建议为考点97、1、18/97、5、8 一般参考第二句的建议 1) Why don’t you…?建议 Why didn’t you…?责备 2)You’d better trust him.你该相信他You should no better than to你本该做… 3) hy not do…? 4) what if…?要是这么做会…? 5) How does…sound 6) Shouldn’t…do sth? 7) What would you see to…?你对…怎么看? 8) Have you check with sb?有没有问过…? Have you checked sp?你有没有去查过…地方? 9) What about…/ How about…? 10) Wouldn’t it be better if you do…?你这样做不是更好吗? 11) It doesn’t hurt it you do…?但做无妨 12)why+v. Why walk? ( You should run!) Why run? (You should walk!) Why+v.表否定,“何必呢…”“干嘛呢…” 13) what do you think of…/ how do you like…征询意见 时间副词题: 1.第二句出现的时间副词是考点(具体/抽象的时间)90、10、26/98、5、 27 2.时间副词的归纳及替换: 1) by and by do sth on short notice in next to no time in no time at all in two or three minutes in a/any moment minute = quickly/fast second before long right now/away/off 2) before hand in advance =提前 ahead of time 3) every now and then every so often every once in a while =偶尔,有时occasionally, sometimes at certain time on certain prrastion from time to time on and off at times 4) one step at a time gradually A by A结构:step / bot / little / word / piece / inch / line 5)weekly, each, yearly= every monthly 6)barely rarely hardly scarcely little 让某人做某事题: 1.核心结构:have sb do sth / gey sb to do sth 2.听清人名最重要97.5.14/97.8.5 Oh,so题: 89.10.35/97、5、30 赞同题型: 标志结构:isn’t he ever…表示赞同 isn’t he although… 98.8.国内.8/89.1.30 偏词汇题型(生词) 1.听到什么不选什么,答案中一般不带第二句的原词为对. 96.1.NA.18 2.生词的意思,根据第二句问句猜意义96.10.26 典型语气题: 1.重读,多表示抱怨、责备、不满意的语气 2.考语气词,一般出现在第二句开头96、8、4/5 3.考语调:升调表示怀疑或不同意见,96、1、国内、23 降调表示肯定或加强语气,96、8、8/16 重复反问题型 第二句用反问语气说第一个人的话,再说出自己的话,考点为第二个人的第二句话,一般为进一步强调或提出意见。如果听见的重复反问词为adj.,则表示加强语气,进一步强调。如果不是adj.,则表示提出疑问。 90.5.23/26 Would you mind题型89.8.32 回答有两种: a)直接回答: not at all not at little not in the least not in the slightest b)间接回答(肯定表示反对) Can you see I’m in the middle of sth / doing sth? (你没见我正在用…) It’s on loan to sb. (…借给别人了) 否定转移题型: I didn’t take Tom to swim in the pool yesterday. 重读Tom,表示没带Tom去游泳。 重读yesterday,表示带Tom去游泳,但不是昨天。 重读pool,表示带Tom去游泳,但不是在游泳池。 重读swim,表示带Tom昨天去了游泳池,但不是去游泳。 这类题,否定与重读一致。 Mystory题型(90、8、32) How she managed to do it…后半句变化如下: Is a mystory to me. Is over my head. Is beyond me/my understand, Is sth I’ll never understand/figure out. Make no sense to me. 提醒模式 I don’t imagine… You haven’t done sth, have you? I was wondering if…? I don’t think… 老题十大名段: 91.5.C1:打工段 打工职责,打工感受 规律:1)找工作步骤: check the paper (job opening) telephone inquiry (position available time for appointment) intereview (hour salary experience) job offer (accept turn down) 2)习语: earn the bread挣钱 bring home the bacom挣钱 bread and butter指生活所需品 91.1.C1:新生培训段落(oriontation) 学生思维:三大抱怨:学费上涨;食堂、宿舍太差;考试、作业、课程太多太 难 对学校相关机构评价:喜欢/不喜欢 90.5.C1:课外活动段 听的习惯:边听边看选项 与热门话题的结合:环保 93.5.C1/94、10、1找房场景(housing) 规律:住宿舍:太小,地脏,太吵,太严 tiny room空间 住公寓:太贵,东西老坏,室友难处 We can’t afford a lot. 东西老坏:fix repair teilet telephone 室友:neat considerate 抱怨 修理:window is stack窗户打不开 the sink will be clogged水池堵了 pipe will be clogged管道不通 wiring电线出问题 shutter→loose百叶窗松了 修不如买的说法: trade it in for sth stock up on sth invest in cash in on sth pay by instalment分期付款 down payment (分期付款的)头期 advance payment预付某人 deposit押金 特殊背景 92.5.C3/93、1、C3实习段落 女生去实习,结合热门话题:保护濒危动物 题型:实习专业,女生感受,实习职责,男生疑问 职业场景要注意职业套话:开头,结尾 91.1.C2论文段: 题型:题目难定,资料难找,打字困难 91.8.C2缺课类0 题型:缺课原因,所缺内容,愚蠢问题(男生) 89.10.C1评价教授与课程 评价好与坏的常用词汇: 习惯用语: 1. By all means boring. (by all means = certainly) By no means interesting. (by no means ? in no way) 2. Leave much to be desired (=not good) 3. Leave nothing to improved (=terrific) 4. It’s anything but interesting. (it’s angything but = not at all) It’s nothing but interesting. (it’s nothing but = very) 5. It’s nothing short of brilliance. (nothing short of = full of) 6. It’s not in the least brilliance. (not in the least = not at all) 表示好的: fascinating fabulous stimulating catching impressive thought- provoking inspiring 表示不好的: Keep watching the clock. I keep counting the time/minutes. doze off I couldn’t catch./follow/figure out/make any sense out of it/make heads or tails of it. I can hardly stay awake/alert. I can hardly keep awake/alert. I can hardly concerntrate. 89.1.C1选课段 选课规律:先选入门课;再上高级课;不管怎么选,教授先同意。 特色词汇:入门课:intro course basic course prorequisite course 高级?:upper-lever course advanced course 报名上的…课:sign up for register… 上…课:take 旁听:audit 退课:drop/refund… 教授同意:approval permission signature 选修课:optional course 必修课:required course 免选修课:waive one’s requirement 有学分课:credit course 无学分课:non-credit course 转学分:transfer 90.1.C1/89.1.C2复合型段子(谈专业的讲课段) 听专业内容,原文做答 开头,结尾,强调,解释,所有套话。 92.1.C2体育类段子 运动的目的:锻炼而不是比赛 for exersice for enjoy for relax 注意事项、细节 90.5.C3/90、8、C3:发明史段子: 顺序对应(问题与文章顺序对应) 人名与时间 新技术(产品、趋势、发展、发明、事物) advantages disadvantages usages 发展史十大信号词: history development origih features characteristics invention creation innoration evolution 以上答案中有the +~+of,以上十词中的一个,就是正确答案,一般这种词出现 在该段大TOPIC题中。 环境类段子: 1.环境污染的巨大危害:damage worsen degrade 2.造成污染的原因:农药、杀虫剂使用的残余(residue)及颗粒 (particle)对人类的危害 3.解决办法 TOEFL中十大抱怨语(某个单词的重读) 抱怨选课多 ‘enough of it 抱怨考试难 It was‘supporsed to be easy. 抱怨物价高 ‘Some bargain. 抱怨老下雨(在picnic场景中) It‘never fails. 邮局场景,抱怨邮政服务不满意 It took‘forever to arrive. 抱怨某事值不值得做 It was hardly worth sth. 男生没钱场景 I never seem to have enough money. 噪音场景 There is not a whole lot you can do. 市内噪音场景 The noise drive sb crazy/mad/nuts/out of one’s mind/up to wall. 新题十大场景系列 课堂学习篇 1. Note场景(笔记场景) 规律:记笔记,考笔记,借笔记,字难认 搞不懂:understand make sense figure out 考笔记:be losed on 字难认:make out recognize 习语:take nokes write down take down put down jot down(非常潦草 的写下)…base on the notes illegible Could you borrow me your notes ? Could I lend your notes? Could I use your notes? Could you let me use your notes? 2.作业场景: 规律:想迟交,不可能 习语:想迟交:turn in hand in 不让迟交:extension extra time more time I want three-day extension of my paper. 作业project概念:paper(论文):essay(最短的),thesis(硕士论文), dissertation(博士论文) team paper学期论文team project学期作业book report读书报告 lab report实验报告presentation发言assignment作业 3.论文场景: 规律:题目难定(太大):broad too broad a topic to write 资料难找(太多):too much material to cover 多找教授(时间):avilable 打字困难(机房)(结合computer room场景):机少人多想买电脑 电脑词汇:word processor文字处理器(电脑) save it on disk存在硬盘上 save a backup存备份break down电脑坏了wiped out(由于停电文件)被冲掉laptop笔记本电脑desktop台式电脑ink jet喷墨式打印机有点眉目很高兴,教授还得先同意。 习语:have trouble doing have problem doing have pert-time doing have difficulty doing 缩小题目:narrow down the topic 教授同意:approval permission signature 4.考试场景: 规律:永远难worse supposed to be easy , but turned out to be difficult. (原本应该容易,但是很难 不推迟delay postpone put it out 分数低perfect grate满分(5分制的) passing grate及格 failing不及格 不好受(心情) down feel down 5.熬夜场景: 规律:常熬夜(男)be uo 不熬夜(女)wise 喝咖啡(男) 不想戒(男) 思路:不赞成熬夜 习语:night and day work against/around the clock stay/be/sit up on night doing sth make a night of it(熬夜学习) 6.评价教授场景: 小对话评价:一般不好。 段落题评价:一般较好。 规律:不迟到,不早退,常拖课。 要求严,出题难,给分低。 特色表达:见老题十大名段的“评价教授“。 Think much/little of sb look up to sb崇拜某人look down upon sb看不起某人 He is somrthing/big potato.他真了不起He is nothing/small potato.他可不怎么样。 89.8.16 89.10.C1 96.12.1 关于讲课:考点:主题,观点,强调,解释(89.1.C2.41-45) 7.课桌场景: 规律:乱,找不着,是否清理 clear off 1).与家具有关,学生常会move 2).课桌上一定乱,找不到东西要整理 8.书店场景: 规律:有买/没有买avilable 有货/没有货in stock out of stock run out of缺货 印/不印in print out of print 过时与否date it current 平装/精装paper back hard back 9.图书馆场景: 规律:还书是否及时return注意时间状语 是否罚款fine 10.选课场景(注意词汇) 1)先学入门课,后上高级课,不管怎么选,教授得同意。(89、1、C先1) 2)三大顾虑:太多too much太难too hard有无基础basic course 3)课程太难,辛勤不好 5)少选明智,多选犯傻,时刻准备退课drop 11.读书场景 规律:A:你觉得这本书…?/能不能读?/这么快读完? 12.选校场景: 规律:学校名气,学校性质 特色表达:reputation (public/private/community) tuition(afford) individual attention(class size) location large city Vs small town might person party animal big fish in a small pond鸡头small fish in a big pond凤尾 13.电话场景 It’s through.接通了 Put me through to sb帮我接通某人 Listen for my phone.替我听电话 Got back to you on sth.过会儿打给你 Return the call./Call back. Dail telephone bill电话帐单collcet call受话方付费he’s on/off the phone他在打电话呢 The line is busy/engaged.占线 别挂电话:Don’t hang up. Hold on. Hold the line. Hang on. 课外生活篇: 1. Housing场景:90、8、A1 规律:住房难,不愿搬,抱怨多,怕长钱(rent),简装修,少花钱 (offord),家具往哪儿摆,要开windows 词汇:sublet转租housing-sitting看房roomate-wanted征室友 apartment-hunting校外租房throw wild parties疯狂举办晚会make a fuss vaccum the room polish擦walk the (cat…)带(猫…)散步,指带宠物 rent (afford) quietness location(on/off campus) on campus housing校内宿舍off campus housing校外宿舍 condition:shower/toilet 2.失物招领场景:96、5、8/97、8、12 turn in hand in 规律:上哪找,找到否 3.帮忙场景:98、10、6/96、12、3 不帮的原因 4.外伤场景:96、10、3/96、12、26 规律:易受伤,伤哪儿,能动吗 原因总是搬东西或者锻炼 伤势:tuist strain hurt扭伤 伤部:shoulder wrist ankle 5.看病场景96、1、国内、21 病人:学生 症状:永远是小病,不会是大病。(95、10、B2、词汇) A sort throat lose one’s voice ringear runny noise 治疗:take some pills take some injection/shots drink lots of water have a rest take it easy take things easy 禁忌:catch(传染) 药管不管用(句型:96、1、北美、21) 习语:be admitted to hospital住院be released from hospital出院 come down with病倒了catch…得了。。传染病stay away from离(病人)远点wait out伺候fill/refill抓药dosage剂量shots打针在美国大部分家庭有家庭医生,家庭医生有自己的诊所,诊所中有医生本人,和一个护士,兼做小秘。 身体好的表达:fit as a fiddle feel like a million(dollars) in the pink in good shape 身体不好的表达:under the weather out of sorts out of shape come down with sb down with a bug not look (like) oneself 6.噪音场景96.12.12/97.8.北美.6 规律:室内:调小音量(turn down)宿舍隔音(sound proof)意识到噪音没有(didn’t realize) 室外:无能为力96、5、18 噪音来源:交通,室友/邻居(93.10.23) 影响:睡觉睡不着,学习受干扰 I can’t heat myself think. 解决:rraffic:学生只能忍受,或者向学校反映,或者换地方学习 soundproof 室友/邻居:ake him to turn down the music dorm supervise / apartment manager宿舍管理员 7.修理场景 fix repair 思路:什么坏了,找谁修(修理工及故障的表达,96、1、北美、11),修理费 贵,修不如买(96、12、28) 结合housing场景的:厕所,电话,洗澡。 window is stack窗户打不开 the sink will be clogged水池堵了 pipe will be clogged管道堵了 wiring电线出问题 shutters→loose百叶窗松了 8.打工场景 四个步骤及关键词96、5、6 打工职责、感受(段落) 96、1、国内、C2/98、5、B2 面视者招聘员工:工作经验,学历 被面视者(学生):时间、工资、经验三要素96、5、12 hour salary experience 9. High-way场景 常塞车(怎么办) 96、5、20be tired up traaffic gam be backed up 拐错弯96、8、24should have turned 从哪出get out of it 考违章98.5.23 ticket罚单 10.借钱还钱场景98.10.22 不愿借,不想还,为什么 注意听语气,注意听第二句时间副词(soon later some other time) 吃喝玩乐篇 1.音乐会场景 规律:永远好听97、1、8/97、10、10 喜欢古典音乐,不喜欢摇滚音乐 提前买票,学生折扣 作为好坏,是否调换 去不是因为学习或考试(语气特征:不情愿) 剧院座位:谈座位是否好坏,要不要换。 表达:box office售票处ticket line排队买票sold out票买完了 discount打折orchestra section row aisle seat过道两边的位置 2.美术馆场景: 喜欢mofern art Δ常见艺术品/艺术流派名称: 1) fresco壁画landscape山水画prints版画sketch素描water color水彩画draft草稿oils油画portrait任务肖像画 2) classism古典主义neoclassism新古典主义modernism现实主义 posmodernism后现代主义realism现实主义surrealism超现实主义 3)对大师级的人名要敏感 3.买东西场景 规律:买什么,买了没买(虚拟语气)96.1.北美.26/96.12.22,爱便宜货(sale bargern)97.1.11 便宜:dirt/dog cheap烂便宜 good price / good deal / good bargern / good buy 价钱公道:reasonable fair affordable acceptable 价钱贵:cost cost a fortune cost a bundle cost an arm and leg sth is dear太贵了afford we can’t afford it over priced beyond one’s budget unbearable outrageous a rip-off a robbery 物价上涨: 1)物价年年涨,学生要抱怨,抱怨没有用。 2)便宜货:一定要买:sale bargain discount(折扣) percent off(打折) go out og business(商场停业、歇业) 4.和咖啡场景 规律:爱喝咖啡,喝咖啡为学习考试(不想戒),戒咖啡(因为咖啡因) a)coffee种类:instant coffee(速溶咖啡) gourmet coffee(由咖啡豆磨制的咖啡) b)味道:aroma(闻上去很香) flavor(尝上去很香) c)做咖啡的器具: coffee pot , coffee maker coffee spoon咖啡勺 coffee set/service做咖啡的全套器具 d)TOEFL的常考习语: 1.a cup of coffee 2.snack bar (快餐店)中一般用 ---one coffee / two coffees我要一杯咖啡/我要两杯咖啡 3.coffee break (美国人)休息时间 tea break (英国人)休息时间 e)基本思路:喜欢喝,怎么喝,不能喝。 ΔWould you like black coffee? (原味咖啡,在美国老美喝原味咖啡的人很 少,所以被认为很COOL) White coffee:加牛奶的咖啡 Δcaffein咖啡碱 ----Would yuu like a cup of coffee? ----…caffein.表示不能喝咖啡 or :…My doctor…也表示不能喝咖啡。 5.减肥场景: 减肥必要性,减肥的效果(要坚持,多锻炼) 96.10.19/97.1.5 特色表达:in perfect shave身体棒in good condiction身体好look great/terrific the picture of heazlthy fall of beans/engage有活力as fit as a fiddle 胖的说法:big heavy overweight gained/put on some weight lose one’s weight keep fit keep/stay a shape fat farm减肥中心gym健身房 6.吃饭场景 规律:上哪吃(由谁定)it’s up to sb;爱尝鲜try sth new;喜安静prefer quiet place上错菜98.5.2谁请客treat 关于请客:it’s on me记我账上 this is my treat我请客 let me pick up the bill = let me foot the bill我买单 pay for it go fifty-fiftyAA制= go dutch spilt/share the cost分摊费用 贪吃胃口好:96.1.国内.10 adventurous eater 吃饭付帐:It’s on me../ It is my treat. / Let me treat it. / Let me foot the bill.我请客 Let’s go dutch. / Lst’s splie the bill. / Shape the expense. AA制 Waiter说的话:bring the menu take the order记下点菜 I’ll be right back.我马上来 Make recommendations推荐… Serve the order上菜 I’ll take care of it./ I’ll see to it.上错菜时说的话 7.理发场景 规律:价钱贵,上哪理hair salon 人太多,要预约appointment 98.5.8 换发型,认不出hair style 98.10.10 特色表达:teim one’s bangs修额发/流海 I want my side(鬓角)a little longer. A little longer over ears耳朵上的长点 A little shorter back背后的短点 Parting in the middle中分 …to…left/right左/右分 all-back大背头stylist发型师hairedresser/hairsalon理发师/发廊 ripple小波浪式pig tail粗麻花式pony tail马尾辫bun发吉hair style 发型 8.养花养草场景: 花草长势如何。阳光和水份sunlight shade water 98.8.国内.25 往哪摆:窗前、角落97.10.13 move over the window 9.着装场景 特色词汇:98.1.北美.A2 衣服配不配场景:be perfect with go well with match a)场合:occasion场合style场合是否合适 formal-suitcasual-jeans b)color:TOEFL听力中有blue情结:98.10.2 big blue深蓝light blue浅蓝solid blue纯蓝navy blue海军蓝(口语中navy) tatain the color保持颜色the color fade/faint=lose the color掉色 c)size:shrink缩水too loose/baggy衣服太松be tight on+身体部分、衣服太紧96.5.10 d)material中羊毛情wool 98.8.19 It’s a good match.这衣服很配你 Down jacket羽绒服 Wool sweater羊毛衫 e)laundry洗衣98.8.国内.16 I do the laindry. Stain污渍come out with sth用…洗掉remove洗掉 f)try on put on take off put away get out(把衣服拿出去) 10.照片场景:96.1.NA.27/98.5.1/ test 28.C2 照片效果、用光、胶卷 专业词汇:was supposed to(本该做) wasn’t supposed to(本不该) come out = develop冲洗胶卷a roll of film out of focus调焦不准 film for in door/outdoor shots适用于室内卷 11.渡假场景: a)宠物场景:谁看宠物have sb do sth 相处如何get along with b)旅行社场景:订机[票,订房间,换不换 c)海滩场景:爱去,干什么(表达),去得了(高兴),去不了(原因:因为 没钱) 95.8.1/95.12.16 California / Florida有最好的海滩 a)喜欢去 b)干什么:swimming, get suntany/catch some rays, play sea- volleyball (沙滩排球), collecting shells (捡贝壳) d) party场景:爱人多,带人来 bring sb along e)机场场景:天气变化,航班延误 the flight was delat due to the bad weather 结合订票:book the ticket cancel confirm switch f)天气场景:天气变化常考(96.1.国内.21): overcast多云shawer阵雨pouring暴雨blizzard highwind the rain) has run up (雨)停了 clear up放晴warm up暖起来了heat up升温keep up继续cool down凉下 来 super hot blazing hot buring hot unbearable hot freezing cold ice cold biting cold chilly cold (super cole&ice cold也常形容人的性格) …on end/…in a row连续…eg:It’s rained four days on end. picnic及烧烤总在下雨天96、8、24 天气好心情好:It’s is good to sth for a change. 97.10.21 天气与着装,伴随天气里是否要加、减、收、买衣服:get out拿出去put away收起来98.5.12 相信天气预报go by follow 98.8.NA.13 g)visting场景: come in/by/over stop in/by/over = visit drop in/by/over 12.交通场景: a)铁路场景:竞争优势:污染少,不磨损,较安全 (属于新技术、新产品、新发明) b)交通违章场景: speeding: eed limit限速going through the red lightillegal parting c)搭车场景:提出搭车要求,回答者都是搭不上车,不给搭。 Could I get a ride/left with you to…? Could you give me a ride/left to…? Could I ride with you to…? 13.邮局场景: diliver投递包裹priority mail优先投递forward寄信registered mail挂号信express mail特快信 14.恋爱场景: fall in love at first sight blind date初次约会have chemistry来电了go steady进展顺利like a house on fire一日不见如隔三秋offer my hand求婚(男) offer a hand to you帮忙give you my hand(答应)求婚(女) break of分手 15.网球场景: 体育用品:鞋running shoes jogging shoes sneakers gym shoes 美国的普及型体育运动:tennis golf roller-skating basket ball ice hockey football橄榄球 网球:fore hand正手back hand反手serve/return go out of bounds ace tennis court hard court clay court grass court tennis course 女尊男卑篇: 1.男生宿舍脏场景(女生脏,因为爱学习) 选项关键词:mess dirty dump chaos 谁打扫help sb do 2.男生爱花钱 特色表达:spend money like water spend one’s entire bugdet go through a lot of money have money to burn money for raining days broke can’t make ends meet tight budger My name is not Rockfeller. 抱怨语气:97、10、1 结合借钱、还钱场景,不借不还女生总是让他存,但是从来不借。 3.男生紧张场景 紧张的原因(考试、发言、宣布奖学金紧张) 97、10、20紧张的症状:twist/toss/turn/taround(辗转反侧) 解决办法:practice 特色表达:too excited/nervous/restless +to stand quietly/sit still/sit quietly/stand still/be on edge/get cold feet/not set still 4.男生害羞场景: keep sth to money 选项词:96、10、22 5.男生的各种坏习惯: oversleep late for class miss school fill sb in on sth drop/doze off at class not hand in the paper on time requist extension for paper(要求延期交作业) fail the examine make up the exam stay up all night 6.女生不记仇场景: 96.1.NA.A15 7.女生爱学习场景: mystery题型见前笔记 爱学习的表示:哪都不去就爱学习97.1.15/98.10.1 8.女生的各种优秀:参照男生各种缺点 9.好女帮男场景:场景融合,组合规律。 新题十大名段: 理科类: 生物(濒危物种) 98.5.C3(细节题) 98.8.国内.C2 96.1.NA.C1(主线题) 环保98.10.B2 enviroment protection 自然97.10.C398.8.NA.C3 新技术96.1.国内.C3 (节水) 野外实习99.1.C3结合濒危动物 文科类: 土著美国人98.5.C1 Indian People 美国历史97.8.C1 99.1.C1建筑学 发明史96.12.C1钟表发明 发展史96.10.C1 / 96.10.C2 课外活动98.8.NA.C1 常见语气词总结: 吃惊系列:Bingo!有种意外的惊喜Gee! Boy!天啊! Man! Gosh![gΛ ſ] Jususe (Christ)! wow! Dear me! My dear! Oh.my! 糟糕系列:Woops! Uh-uh! Oh,no! Oh,dear! Tough luck! 脏话系列:Shit! Fuck! Dummy!笨蛋!Jerk! Idiot! Ass hole! God damn! b.s!=bull shit! Bitch! Son of bitch! 赞美系列:fab=fabulous! glam=glamorous! fave=faverite! magnif=manificent! Dandy! Cool! Uttercool! Supercool! Superb! Charming!形容女人有魅力 古怪系列:odd weird bi’zarre 赞同系列:yeah yep u bet Sure thing! I’ll say And you? 否定系列:Oh,nuts! Nope! (96.1.NA.A1) 讨厌系列:disgusting whew Oh,bother! [Λ] TOEFL常见缩略词: ad = advertisement doc = doctor医生dorm = dormitory intro course初等课lit course文学课memo = memorandum备忘录,便条info =information demo = demostration演示flu = influenza流感co-op学生联合会co-ed男女同校pre-med医科预课pre-school预课班pre-school学期班I am preparing the TOEFL No problem.= No prob. 十大小词: I expect.我估计、推测… I’m bet. = I’m sure. I wonder. = I’m not sure. I suspect. = I believe./ I think. I doubt. = I don’t think so. I thought. I was hoping.原以为 I was suppose to (本应该) I wasn’t suppose to(本不应该) I have a hunch.(我有种预感) I’ve got the feeling.= I think. I’m under the impression. = I recall./I remember. I have been meeuing to = I’m thinking about 习惯表达: 1.心情好场景: a)规律: A:…最近心情好哎 B:…为什么心情好? b)原因: 作业完成了 考试及格了 买着便宜货了 c)心情好的说法: in high spirit high sprited in the seventh heaven walk on air on cloud nine 2.心情不好场景: a)规律: A:…最近心情不好哎 B:…为什么不好/如何摆脱 b)原因: 作业太多 考试太难 课业繁重 c)心情不好的说法: in a blue mood in low spirits out of spirits low spirited in a bad mood down hearted down in the mouth downbeat down in the dumps downcast downhearted 3.生某人气的说法:get on one’s nerve eg: Don’t get on my nerve.不要惹我生气。 be put out with sb for sth就…生…的气 rab sb the wrong way惹恼… take it out on sb把气出在…身上 4.处的好的说话: get along with sb = bit it off = on good turns = be agreeable with sb Tom and Jerry like peasand and carrots. Tom和Jerry形影不离。 Tom and Jerry like apples and oranges. 5.小菜一碟的说法: nothing to it there is nothing to it none to speak of no big deal a piece of cake 6.表达理所当然的说话: Is ice cold?常做为回答 Is sky blue? Does a bird fly? Does a fish swim? by all means = in any event 7.一些短语(一) at sixes and sevens乱七八糟 cost sb an arm and a leg巨贵无比,买东西大出血,非常贵 feel under weather天气不好 get up from the wrong side of bed心情不好 don’t let the cat of bag不要泄露秘密,不要告诉别人 don’t let me hold the bag不要让我背黑锅 apple of my eye我的掌上明珠,珍贵之物 apple-polisher马屁精 One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚担水 喝,两个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚没水喝 care for = like = be attached to = get high on sth care to = whould you like to… care about = conceined关心,在意 take care of处理,负责I’ll take care of it.我会处理的。 be enthusiastic about热衷于 be hooked on sth/sb迷恋… be into sth表喜欢 be onto sth想到…,有主意 rave about沉醉于,迷恋于(程度很深) do sth to one’s heart’s content尽兴… be addicted to…对…上瘾(并不完全是不好的,比如非常喜欢juzz) adore喜欢(喜欢小的人、东西) adorable = cute 8.偶遇某人: come across run into bump into encounter happen to meet 9.不友好的表达: be hostile to sb be critical of sb be cynical to sb confront sb with sth找某人争执… 10.管用/不管用: it works (out) it helps it does the trick 肯定+否定 it does some good it makes difference 以上多以否定形式出现 11.一些短语(二) as cool as a cucumber as fit as fiddle身体健康 as healthy as a horse as strong as an ox as stupid as a donkey as stubborn as a mule形容某人太倔了 as poor as a churche mouse as merry as a cricket形容某人太快乐了 as proud as a pencock形容某人太骄傲 as changeable as a moon形容多变 as like as two peas形容长的像 as easy as ABC as simple as one two three 12.健忘: slip one’s mind slip one’s memory have a short memory everything gets in one ear and out the other absent-minded 13.代替某人: take over for sb fill in for sb take the place of take one’s place fill one’s place fill one’s vacancy fill one’s shoes 14.累的说法: be worn/fired/wipe out be out of shape be beat be run down be exhausted dog tired 15.v.+out: figure out = understand straight out = settle work out = settle,锻炼clean out贪吃,把…吃光help out帮忙,帮成了忙find out make out = tell watch out = look out eat out外出吃饭= dine out 16.表示忙: I have got my hands full. I’m up to my neck in work. I’m up to my eyes in work. I’m up to my elbm’s work. I’m up to my ears in work. I’m in the middle of the things. I’ve million things to do. I’ve a tight schedule. light schedule日程松,不忙。 My schedule is tight. overwhelming I can’t fitr it into my schedule. = I can’t fit it in. be tight up in sth被…绊住,缠住 eg: I’m tight up in meeting. Haven’t got around in doing sth 新题重点套题与段落: 套题:95.10 95.12 96.1.NA 96.1.国内96.10 96.12 97.1 97.8 97.12 98.5 98.8.NA 98.10 99.8 99.10 2001 段落:95.8.C2.C3 95.10.B2.C3 97.12.C1.C2 95.12.C1.C2.C3 96.12.C1.C2 97.5.B2.C2 96.1.NA.B1.C1 97.1.B2.C2 97.8.C1.C3 96.1.国内.B1.B2.C2.C3 97.10.C2.C3 96.5.B2.C2 98.1.B2.C2 98.5.B2.C1.C396.8.C2 96.1.B2.C1.C2 98.8.C2.C3 98.8NA.B1.B2.C1.C3 98.10.B2.C1.C2 99.1.B2.C1.C3 99.5.B1.C2.C3 (作者:joanphan网友提供) |
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