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新浪首页 > 教育天地 > 看世界:在美国耶鲁的中国本科生

Chinese Undergraduates in the US
http://www.sina.com.cn 2002/08/22 09:40  北京青年报

  ■ 马君朝

  Each year, elite American universities and liberal arts colleges, such as Yale, Harvard, Columbia, Amherst and Wellesley, offer a number of scholarships to Chinese high school graduates to study in their undergraduate programs. Four years ago, I received such a scholarship from Yale.

  What are these Chinese undergrads like? Most come from middle-class families in the big urban centers of China. The geographical distribution is highly skewed, with Shanghai and Beijing heavily over-represented. Certain magnet schools, such as the Shanghai Foreign Language Middle School and Middle School 4 in Beijing, have supplied many students to American college campuses. Outside the main pool, a number of Yale students come from Changsha and Ningbo,swhereseach year American Yale graduates are sent to teach English. Unfortunately, only students from the coastal metropolises seem to have any idea of the existence of such scholarships.

  The overwhelming majority of Chinese undergraduates in the US major in science, engineering or economics. Many were academic superstars in their high schools - gold medallists in international academic Olympiads or prize winners in national academic contests. Once on US campuses, many of them decide to make research a lifelong commitment. A Shanghainese friend of mine, who had won a very high physics prize in high school, majored in physics at Yale. In his senior year, he rejected a job offer from Microsoft and opted for the physics graduate program at Harvard. Others jump at the opportunity to enter fields like engineering and finance. Working for a major financial firm on Wall Street is the dream of many pragmatic Chinese undergraduates. In my freshman year at Yale, there were seven undergraduates from mainland China, and now two of them are employed by big-name Wall Street investment banks. Many Chinese students also study biology in college and then go on to medical school. And occasionally undergraduates choose radically different careers: One Yale undergraduate, a history major, took up journalism after graduation. An autobiographical essay of hers entitled "Coming to America" was published in The New York Times and won accolades from both Western and Chinese readers.

  Life outside the classroom constitutes an important part of college life. At American universities the average student spends less than thirteen hours a week in class. Many Chinese students use their spare time to pick up some extra pocket money. At Yale, one of the most common campus jobs is washing dishes in the dining halls. Virtually all Chinese undergraduates at Yale work part-time in the dining halls at some point in their college years. As they grow in age and sophistication, they upgrade to better-paying and less stressful positions. The more popular and interesting jobs include working as a computer assistant, math homework grader, investment office assistant and lab or research assistant. The latter three often lead to stimulating summer jobs.

  Student activities are another prominent feature of American college life. Each week there are countless student-organized events of all sorts - athletic, artistic, cultural, political or social (i.e. just for fun). New student organizations are constantly being created, and Chinese undergrads contribute to this ferment. The year before I went to Yale, they staged Cao Yu's play Leiyu. The whole Chinese undergraduate student body plus some Singaporeans and Chinese-Americans were mobilized to make props, act and persuade their American friends to come to the show, which was entirely in Mandarin. The physics student I mentioned earlier was very active in social life. He was on the Yale solar-car team, took part in a student theatrical performance and studied ballet, which he once demonstrated for us on a dinner table in the dining hall. Sport looms much larger on US campuses than in China. At Yale, intramural sports from soccer to water polo take place all year long; hence athletic talent is a real social asset. One of the Chinese students at Yale several years ago was a versatile sportsman. His athletic talents and enthusiastic participation in sporting events, combined with his other fine qualities, made him a popular figure in his residential college. Years after his graduation, his teachers and friends at Yale still remember him with great fondness.

  Of course not all Chinese undergraduates in the US cut such prominent figures on campus. At Yale, plenty of Chinese students are like me, content with finishing their homework and using the rest of the time for relaxation and recreation. Many evenings were chattered away in the library,swhereswe clustered around a table supposedly to "study" together. True to our upbringing, we Chinese Yalies marked all our important events and holidays (welcoming new students, Christmas and Chinese New Year, saying farewell to graduates) with a banquet, usually in an Asian restaurant. And though Chinese students don't drink as much as their American peers, late night carousing is no rarity.

看世界:在美国耶鲁的中国本科生

  每年,美国的名牌大学和文科学院诸如耶鲁、哈佛、哥伦比亚、阿姆赫斯特和威尔斯利大学,都会向中国的高中毕业生提供一定数量的奖学金,让他们来校读大学本科,四年前我得到了耶鲁大学的这种奖学金。

  这些中国本科生是些什么样的人呢?他们大多数来自中国大城市的中产家庭,其地域分布极不平衡,上海和北京占了绝大多数。某些有吸引力的中学,像上海外国语学校、北京四中,都向美国大学输送了很多学生。在这主体之外,耶鲁还有一定数量的学生来自长沙和宁波,在这两地每年都有耶鲁的毕业生被派过来教英语。令人遗憾的是,似乎只有来自东部沿海大城市的学生才多少知道这类奖学金的存在。

  在美国的绝大多数中国本科生所学的专业是自然科学、工程或是经济,很多人在上高中时都是某一科的超级尖子——国际奥林匹克竞赛的金牌获得者或是在全国竞赛中的获奖者。一旦来到美国大学,他们当中的很多人就决定终生从事研究类型的工作。我的一个上海朋友,高中时获过物理大奖,曾在耶鲁学物理,在大四时他拒绝了微软公司的聘用而选择了去哈佛读物理专业的研究生。另外一部分人对这样的机会则求之不得,以便进入到诸如工程与金融领域,能够在华尔街的主要金融公司工作是很多实用主义的中国本科生的梦想。我在耶鲁上大一时,有7个从中国内地来的本科生,如今有两人受聘于大名鼎鼎的华尔街投资银行。很多中国学生还学生物学,然后去上医科大学,偶尔,也有同学选择了完全不同的专业:一个学历史的耶鲁本科生毕业后开始搞新闻,她的一篇自传体文章《来到美国》发表在了《纽约时报》上,赢得了西方读者与中国读者的称赞。

  课堂外的生活构成了大学生活的一个重要部分。在美国大学,学生们每周花在课堂上的时间平均少于13个小时。很多中国学生利用业余时间去挣零花钱。在耶鲁,最常见的校内工作就是去餐厅刷盘子,几乎所有的中国本科生在数年的大学生活中的某一阶段都在餐厅干过业余工。随着他们年龄的增长以及更加老练,他们就会找到报酬更高而又不太累的工作,比较普遍而且有意思的工作包括计算机助理、给低年级学生判数学作业、投资办公室助理、图书馆助理或是科研助理,从事后三种工作常常能帮你在暑假找到令你兴奋的工作。

  学生活动是美国大学生活的又一显著特点,每周都有数不清的各种各样的学生组织的活动——体育的、艺术的、文化的、政治的或社会的(这些活动只是为了娱乐)。新的学生组织不断涌现,中国本科生的参与促成了这一沸沸扬扬的局面。在我去耶鲁的前一年,他们上演了曹禺的话剧《雷雨》。所有的中国本科生加上一些新加坡学生和美籍华裔的学生,都被发动起来做道具、参加表演,并去说服各自的美国朋友来看表演。这场戏全部是用普通话演的。我先前提到的学物理的那位同学在社会活动中十分活跃,他是耶鲁太阳能汽车队成员,参加学生剧团演出,还学习了芭蕾舞,有一次他站到餐厅的饭桌上,给我们演示怎么跳。体育在美国大学比中国大学突出得多。在耶鲁,校内体育运动从足球到水球常年都有,因此,体育特长真是一种社交资本。几年前耶鲁的一个中国学生是个体育多面手,他的体育天分与对体育的热情参与,再加上其他方面的优秀品质,使得他成为学生宿舍区极受欢迎的人物,在他毕业以后好几年,耶鲁的老师和朋友们说起他来还是交口称赞。

  当然,并非在美国的所有本科生的形象都这样突出。在耶鲁,很多中国本科生像我一样满足于完成作业,并利用其他时间放松或娱乐。有很多晚上我们是在图书馆里聊天度过的,在那儿我们一群群围着桌子,好像是在一起“学习”。按照我们中国人的习惯,耶鲁的中国学生都是以聚餐的方式来庆贺重要事件和节日(迎接新生、过圣诞节和春节、与毕业生告别),通常是在一家亚洲餐厅,虽说中国学生不像他们的美国同学那样喝那么多酒,但痛饮到深夜也并非少见。




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