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第七课：文化遗迹

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/11/01 14:51 新浪教育

　SPEAKING

　　课文翻译

　　Your job is to make a culture capsule. This capsule is a large box (about

　　你的工作是做一个文化舱。这个舱是一个大箱子(约

　　2×2 metres). It will be sent /into/ space so that anyone who finds it will under-

　　2×2 m)。它将被发射进入太空，这样发现它的人就知道

　　stand who we are. Work in pairs to prepare a“Chinese Culture Capsule”.

　　我们是谁了。两个人一组准备一个“中国文化舱”。

　　You can select five things that represent Chinese culture, but you cannot put

　　你可以选五件象征中国文化的东西，但不得在舱里放置

　　any living things in the capsule. You may also include a short message (two

　　任何生物。你还可以在箱子上用任何一种语言写一封短信(两个

　　sentences) in any language in the box, but remember that those who find the

　　句子)，但记住：发现这个舱的人

　　capsule may not understand your language.

　　也许不懂你的语言。

　重点·难点·考点及疑点注释

　　1. sent /into/意为“发送，发射”。

　　The manmade satellites are sent /into/ space by rockets.

　　人造卫星被用火箭发射到太空。

　　2. represent意为“代表，象征；表现，描绘”。

　　The rose represents England.玫瑰花是英格兰的象征。

　　The king is represented as a villain in the play.

　　在这出戏中把国王描述成一个反面人物。

　　3. what/how about…?是一种提出建议的方式，后接动词的ing形式，或者ing形式的复合结构。

　　How about going out for a walk?出去散步如何？

　　4. why don’t you…也是一种提出建议的方式，后接动词原形，相当于why not…。

　　Why don’t you go there after supper?为什么不吃了晚饭去呢？

　　Why not write it in English?为什么不用英语写？

　　5. so that意为“结果，以便”，用来引导目的状语从句，相当于insgroupsthat (但so that不可用于句首)，此时that从句通常用may, can等情态动词。也可以用来引导结果状语从句。

　　I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.

　　我租了一条船，为的是可以去钓鱼。(目的状语)

　　I’ll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.

　　我把所有的事实都告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。(目的状语)

　　I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.

　　我被骤雨淋了，结果衣服全都湿透了。(结果状语)

　　Everybody lent a hand, so that the work was finished on time.

　　人人动手，结果按时完成了任务。(结果状语)

READING

课文翻译

A CITY OF HEROES

英雄之城

　　Where there is a river, there is a city. Perhaps this is not always true,

　　哪里有河流，哪里就有城市。或许并不总是这样，

　　but it is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the

　　但世界上很多最伟大的城市确实是建在河流

　　banks of a river. The Neva River flows through the center of St Petersburg in

　　两岸的。涅瓦河流经俄罗斯圣·彼得堡城的中心。

　　Russia. Three hundred years ago, the Russian Czar Peter the Great came here

　　三百年前，俄国沙皇彼得大帝来到这里

　　and built a new capital—St Petersburg. Peter the Great, like his country, was

　　建起新都——圣·彼得堡。像他的国家一样，彼得大帝

　　strong and proud. Many great palaces were built during his lifetime. The palaces

　　既强壮又傲慢。很多辉煌的宫殿是在他在世时建造的。这些宫殿

　　were large and beautiful, and they often looked like something out of a fairy tale.

　　雄伟壮丽，看起来像神话中的楼阁。

　　St Petersburg has also been the centre of many important events in history.

　　圣·彼得堡在历史上也曾是很多重大事件的中心。

　　In 1941, the Germans tried to destroy the city. It was under attack for 900 days,

　　1941年，德国人试图毁灭这座城市。它遭到攻击达900天，

　　but the people of the city never gave in. The Germans burned many of the

　　但市民们从未屈服。德国人离去时烧掉了很多

　　palaces as they left. St Petersburg was almost in ruins: fires burned every

　　宫殿。圣·彼得堡几乎成了一片废墟：到处都是火。

　　where. Buildings were destroyed, and paintings and statues lay in pieces on

　　建筑物遭到破坏，地上到处都是油画和雕塑的碎片。

　　the ground. Restoring the city and its cultural relics seemed impossible, but

　　重建这座城市和它的文化遗迹看起来是不可能的，但

　　the people of this great city would not give up,“We will not let our history and

　　这座伟大城市的人民不会放弃，“我们不会让我们的历史

　　culture be destroyed, and we would do everything we can to save our city!”

　　文化从此泯灭，我们将尽最大努力来拯救我们的城市!”

　　When the Nazis had gone, the people of St Petersburg began rebuilding

　　纳粹走了之后，圣·彼得堡的人们开始了城市的重建工作。

　　the city. Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came

　　纳粹入侵之前被藏起来的宫殿的一些小部件现在

　　could now be used to rebuild the city and its culture. It was not easy. Painters

　　可用来重建这座城市和它的文化了。这并不容易。在力图

　　and workers had to be very careful when they were trying to bring the city back

　　恢复整个城市的过程中，画师们和工人们必须非常细心。

　　to life. It was difficult to save the palaces and buildings without destroying

　　不破坏他们的旧貌而拯救宫殿和建筑物很难。

　　their old beauty. With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of

　　在一些旧油画和旧照片的帮助下，

　　St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.

　　圣·彼得堡的人们得以恢复他们历史文化的原貌。

　　Now, after years of hard work, parts of statues have been put back together

　　现在，经过多年的艰苦工作，部分雕塑已经放回原处，

　　and missing pieces have been replaced. Old paintings, including a portrait of

　　散失的碎片被其他东西替代了。一些旧油画，包括

　　Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been

　　在圣·彼得堡郊外雪地里发现的一幅彼得大帝的肖像画，被

　　carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the

　　细心地修复了，古老的宫殿建得和过去一样美妙

　　past.

　　绝伦。

　　Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over

　　今天，骑着青铜马的彼得大帝能够再次察看

　　the city he built. Like their hero Peter, the people of St Petersburg have shown

　　他建造的这座城市。像他们的英雄彼得一样，圣·彼得堡的人们已经证

　　that dreams can come true. Strong, proud, and united, the people of St

　　明梦想可以成真。强壮，骄傲，团结，圣·彼得堡的人们

　　Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.

　　是俄罗斯的当代英雄。

　重点·难点·考点及疑点注释

　　1.Where there..., there...意为“哪里……，哪里……”。

　　Where there’s a will, there’s a way.有志者事竟成。

　　Where there’re flowers, there’re bees.哪里有鲜花，哪里就有蜜蜂。

　　2. try to do意为“尽力做某事”(强调动作)；manage to do意为“设法去完成某事”(强调结果，做成功了)。

　　He tried to get the work done with little help.

　　他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。(不知完成与否)

　　He managed to get the work done with very little help.

　　他在没有什么帮助的情况下，设法完成了工作。(完成了)

　　3. give in意为“屈服，让步于(感情、压力、请求等)”，in是副词，后面不能跟宾语。向某人屈服要用give in to sb.。

　　But in the end he gave in.但到最后他屈服了。

　　King called for black people not to give in but to continue the struggle.

　　金号召黑人不要让步，要继续斗争。

　　4. in ruins意为“成为废墟的，荒芜的”，ruin的复数形式常用来指废墟，(建筑物的)断垣残壁，遗迹。

　　The building is in ruins.那建筑物已成断垣残壁。

　　The ruins of ancient Rome were excavated out.

　　古罗马的遗迹被发掘出来了。

　　5. in pieces意为“破碎了，拆散了”。

　　The vase is in pieces.花瓶破了。

　　The bottle dropped onto the ground, in pieces.瓶子掉到地上，碎了。

　　6. be used［ju:zd］to do意为“被用来做”；be/get used［ju:st］to (doing) sth.意为“习惯于”。

　　The knife is used to cut the apple.刀子被用来切苹果。

　　I am used to writing with a pencil.我习惯用铅笔写字。

　　You will soon get used to our way of living.

　　你将很快习惯于我们的生活方式。

　　7. bring...back to life及物动词词组，意为“使复活，使苏醒，使康复”。

　　After the flood, with the help of our soldiers, we managed to bring our hometown back to life.洪水过后，在战士们的帮助下，我们的家乡恢复了生机。

　　8. with the help of意为“在……的帮助下”，也可以说with one’s help。

　　With the help of the government, the villagers built a power station.

　　在政府的帮助下，村民们建成了一座发电站。

　　With the recorder’s help, I greatly improved my English.

　　在录音机的帮助下，我的英语提高了许多。

　　9. come true不及物动词词组，不可用被动语态，意为“(愿望等)实现，(预言等)成真，成为事实”。

　　I always dream of coming to China, and now my dream has come true.

　　我总是梦想到中国来，现在我的梦想实现了。

　语法：现在完成时的被动语态

　　现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has + been +过去分词”构成。

　　The old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.

　　The statue of Peter the Great has been brought back to the city.

　　The city has been visited since it was built hundreds of years ago.

　INTEGRATING SKILLS

　　课文翻译

　　Reading and writingIn your lifetime, you will often see something that makes you happy, sad

　　在你一生中，你会经常遇到一些令人高兴、难过或者生气的事情。

　　or angry. You may want to tell others about your feelings. To make your voice

　　你或许想把自己的感受告诉他人。要把你的意见说给别人

　　heard, you can write a letter to a newspaper editor. Here is an example:

　　听，你可以给报纸编辑写信。这儿有一个例子：

　　Dear Editor,

　　亲爱的编辑：

　　I live in Paris, France. In my country there is a famous site called the

　　我住在法国巴黎。在法国有一个著名的地方，叫

　　Chauvet Caves. I am very worried about it because some of the cave paintings

　　肖维岩洞。我对它很担忧，因为有些洞穴壁画

　　have been destroyed by air pollution. No, the pollution does not come from

　　被空气污染破坏了。不，污染不是来自

　　cars or factories, but from human beings.

　　汽车和工厂，而是来自人类。

　　Thousands of tourists visit the cave every year. The carbon dioxide from

　　每年有成千上万人参观这个洞。他们呼出的

　　their breath is damaging the paintings. I think one way to solve the problem is

　　二氧化碳正破坏着壁画。我认为解决这个问题的一个方法是

　　to put glass walls in front of the paintings. Second, the number of visitors

　　在画像前面装上玻璃墙。其次，应该控制游客

　　should be limited. And we should build a websiteswherespeople can look at the

　　的人数。我们还应该建一个网站，人们可以在这里欣赏

　　pictures and paintings.

　　图片和画像。

　　Yours sincerely,

　　谨启

　　Sophie

　　索菲

　重点·难点·考点及疑点注释

　　1.make your voice heard这是一个“make + n. +过去分词”结构，在这一结构中，名词和其后的动词是被动的，意为“使……被……”。

　　I’m so worried because I can’t make myself understand.

　　我很着急，因为我无法让他们懂我的意思。

　　2.be worried about意为“为……而担心，烦恼，焦虑”。

　　She seems very worried about something.她像是在为什么事犯愁。

　　3. thousands of意为“成千的”，是不确指的数，类似的还有：hundreds of, tens of, dozens of等。如果表示确指的数，thousand, hundred等数词不用复数。

　　Thousands of people attended the conference.

　　成千上万的人参加了这个大会。

　　There are about five thousand students in our school.

　　我们学校大约有五千学生。

　　4. damage意为“损失，损害，损毁”，既是名词，又是及物动词。当名词时，后接介词to，意为“对……造成损失”。

　　The event damaged the relationship of the two countries.

　　这个事件损害了两国关系。

　　The accident did a lot of damage to the car.

　　这一事故把汽车损坏的很厉害。

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