动词不定式是历年高考的热点内容之一，笔者现结合历届高考试题，点击动词不定式考点。

　　一、考查动词不定式在句中的功能

　　1. 作宾语

　　考例1： It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ______ .

　　A. it what to do with

　　B. what to do it with

　　C. what to do with it

　　D. to do what with it

　　析："疑问词(如what, who, which, when, where, how)＋不定式"构成动词不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。本题中的what to do with it作动词knows的宾语，正确选项为C。

　　2. 作主补

　　考例2： Paul doesn't have to be made ______ . He always works hard.

　　A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

　　析：动词不定式在感官动词如feel, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to等或使役动词make, let, have等后作宾补时，动词不定式常不带to；但此结构变成被动语态时，动词不定式作主语补足语，动词不定式符号to要保留。故选B。

　　3. 作定语

　　考例3: She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ______ in making the earth a better place to live.

　　A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

　　析：动词不定式作定语时，常位于所修饰的名词或代词之后，它与所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。本题to play与role在逻辑上有动宾关系，故正确答案为B。

　　4. 作表语

　　考例4： The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.

　　A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see

　　析："as if+不定式"构成动词不定式短语，本题as if to see在句子中作系动词looked的表语，故选D。

　　二、考查动词不定式的否定结构

　　考例5： Mrs Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking.

　　A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive

　　析：动词不定式的否定结构是由"not / never+不定式"构成，故本题选A。

　　三、考查动词不定式的省略

　　考例6：The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______ .

　　A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to

　　析：句子前面如果出现了同样的动词，为避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省去动词原形，只留下不定式符号to。此题not to后省略了ride his bicycle in the street，故正确选项为A。

　　四、考查动词不定式的语态

　　考例7：Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.

　　A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking

　　析：当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式必须用被动式。本句中little Jim是愿意"被带去看戏的"，所以用被动结构，to be taken，答案为A。

　　五、考查动词不定式的时态

　　考例8： Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.

　　A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying

　　析：动词不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或发生在其后；动词不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，本题中，to have studied发生在is said之前，故选A。

　　(文/张士辉　胡根妹； 英语辅导报高二版 04~05学年度第3期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)