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初中英语课外辅导:英语句式大检阅
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/03/08 14:43  英语辅导报

  同学们!在这学期里,我们学习了不少英语句子。概括起来,主要包括陈述句、疑问句和祈使句等。现分别归纳如下:

  一、陈述句

  用来陈述事实或观点的句子叫陈述句。朗读时用降调,句末用句号。陈述句分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句两种形式。例如:

  1. 肯定陈述句

  (1) This is a desk.

  (2) They look very young.

  (3) You must look after your clothes.

  (4) There is some money in the purse.

  2. 否定陈述句

  (1) They aren't my books.

  (2) I don't know.

  (3) Kate can't find her pen.

  (4) There isn't a cat here. (= There's no cat here. )

  二、祈使句

  用来表示请求、命令、建议等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语是you,常省略,谓语动词用原形。朗读时用降调,句末用句号。祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句两种形式。例如:

  1. 肯定祈使句

  (1) Please go and ask the policeman.

  (2) Come in, please.

  2. 否定祈使句

  (1) Don't worry.

  (2) Don't be late for school.

  三、疑问句

  用来提问的句子叫疑问句。句末用问号,疑问句分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句和特殊疑问句等。

  1. 一般疑问句

  一般疑问句用来询问某事物和某情况是否属实,需要对方给予肯定 (yes) 或否定(no) 回答。朗读一般疑问句时用升调,句末用问号。例如:

  (1) Is he a student?

  (2) Can you spell it?

  (3) Do you know?

  (4) Are there any students in the classroom?

  肯定回答 / 否定回答

  (1) Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.

  (2) Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

  (3) Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

  (4) Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

  2. 选择疑问句

  从所提供的两个或两个以上选项中选择一个做出回答的疑问句叫选择疑问句。朗读时or前面的部分用升调,or后面的部分用降调,句末用问号。回答时要根据选项做出选择,不用yes或no来回答。例如:

  —Is your friend a boy or a girl?

  —He is a boy. / She is a girl.

  3. 特殊疑问句

  由what, who, whose, which, where, how等疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。朗读时用降调,句末用问号。回答时要做出具体回答,不用yes或no来回答。

  特殊疑问句的语序分为两种:(1)陈述句语序。此时,疑问词作句子的主语或主语的修饰语。(2)疑问句语序。即:“疑问词 + 一般疑问句?”例如:

  (1) —Who is on duty today?

  —Li Lei is. (疑问词who作主语)

  —Which bike is yours?

  —The one under the tree. (疑问词which作bike的定语)

  (2) —What else can you see in the picture?

  —I can see some kites and a ball in it.

  —How many books are there on the desk?

  —Only one.

  (文/王福华;英语辅导报 仁爱七年级普及版04~05学年第25期; 版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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