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拍案叫绝:“一箭双雕”的抗癌药物

http://www.sina.com.cn 2009年05月31日 13:18   新东方

  A study in the journal Cell shows that some fruit flies are genetically disposed to dislike drinking alcohol. And some anticancer drugs mimic the effect--which points to the possibility of those drugs treating alcoholism。

  发表在《细胞》(Cell)杂志上的一项研究表明,一些果蝇从遗传上讲就不喜欢“喝酒”。而且某些抗癌药物能模仿这种效果——这显示出这些药物可能可以用来治疗酒精中毒。

  Cancer Drugs May Also Treat Alcoholism

  As we recover from the holiday weekend, there’s some intoxicating news on curbing the effects of alcohol. In the May 29th issue of Cell, scientists report discovering a gene that controls fruit flies’ sensitivity to ethanol. And if that just sounds like tipsy talk, the finding suggests that a couple of current anticancer drugs might find use in treating alcoholism。

  Some flies, like some people, just can’t hold their drink. One sip and they’re tripping over their own wings. So the scientists set out to search for the fly genes involved in alcohol sensitivity. And they turned up a gene they call happyhour. Flies with a normal version of this gene are liquor light-weights, while happyhour mutants can drink their fly friends under the table。

  In the normal flies, happyhour blocks a hormone called EGF. And the scientists found that two anticancer drugs, which also inhibit EGF, make boozing flies more woozy—a feeling that’s as unpleasant for flies as it is for people. Rats, too, will take a nip and say enough when they’re on these drugs。

  Robbing booze of its buzz is one way to attack alcoholism. Which means that, at least genetically speaking, it’s good to have a little happyhour。

  抗癌药物可能也可用于治疗酒精中毒

  就在我们结束了节日周末又开始上班的时候,我们得到了一些令人兴奋的关于控制酒精影响的好消息。在5月29日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上,科学家们报道,他们发现了控制果蝇对乙醇敏感性的基因。该研究表明目前的几种抗癌药物可能可以用于治疗酒精中毒,这听起来好像只不过是酒后“狂言”罢了。

  有些果蝇就像人一样也不胜酒力。喝一小口酒后,它们就会晕头转向。因此科学家们决定找出这些果蝇对酒精敏感的基因。科学家们找到了这个基因,并把它称之为“欢乐时光”。具有这种基因正常形式的果蝇根本就不是饮酒高手,但是具有“欢乐时光”突变体的果蝇能把它们的酒友喝趴下。

  在正常的果蝇中,“欢乐时光”基因阻止了一种名为EGF的荷尔蒙。科学家们发现两种抗癌药(这两种抗癌药物也能抑制EGF)使“豪饮”的果蝇更加“头晕”---人和果蝇对这种感觉都感到不舒服。研究人员给老鼠服用了这些抗癌药物后,它们“抿”一小口酒之后就觉得不能再喝了。

  对付酒精中毒的方法之一就是消除豪饮带来的强烈兴奋的感觉。至少从遗传的角度讲,这就意味着,有一点儿“欢乐时光”也蛮不错的。

  Vocabulary:

  Genetically:基因地;遗传地

  Disposed:倾向于;有意于

  Alcohol:酒;含酒精的饮料

  Mimic: (尤指)做滑稽模仿

  Alcoholism:酗酒;酒精中毒

  Intoxicating:令人陶醉的

  Curb:控制

  Ethanol:(酒精的化学术语)乙醇

  Tipsy:微醉的

  Sip:小口喝;抿

  Trip:(口语)(尤指服用毒品后)产生幻觉

  Sensitivity:敏感

  Liquor:烈性酒

  Light-weight:没有影响力的人(或事)

  Mutant:突变体

  Hormone: 荷尔蒙

  Inhibit: 抑制

  Booze: (喝酒) 狂饮

  Woozy: (口语)晕头胀脑的;恶心的

  Nip:(口语)少量的烈酒

  Buzz:(口语)(愉快、兴奋或成就的)强烈情感

  Attack:全力对付

  注释:

  《细胞》(Cell)杂志为一份同行评审的科学期刊,主要发表实验生物学领域中的最新研究发现。该杂志与《自然》(Nature)和《科学》(Science)一样,是全世界最权威的学术杂志之一。

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