日本NHK电视台因过多用外语遭控诉

　　A disgruntled viewer is suing Japan&0#39;s national broadcaster for mental distress caused by an excessive use of words borrowed from English.

　　Hoji Takahashi, 71, is seeking 1.4 million yen ($14,300; ￡9,300) in damages from NHK.

　　"The basis of his concern is that Japan is being too Americanised," his lawyer Mutsuo Miyata told the news agency AFP.

　　English became more prevalent in Japan after World War II during the US-led occupation.

　　This was followed by a growing interest in American pop culture.

　　The country&0#39;s modern vocabulary is littered with borrowed words, many of which are changed to fit the Japanese phonic structure.

　　Complaint

　　Mr Takahashi, who is a member of a campaign group supporting the Japanese language, highlighted words such as "toraburu" (trouble), "risuku" (risk) and "shisutemu" (system) in NHK&0#39;s news and entertainment programmes.

　　He accused NHK of irresponsibility by refusing to use native Japanese equivalents.

　　"With Japanese society increasingly Americanised, Takahashi believes that NHK, as Japan&0#39;s national broadcaster, shouldn&0#39;t go with the trend, but remain determined to prioritise the use of Japanese, which he thinks would go a long way toward protecting Japanese culture," Mr Miyata told The Japan Times on Wednesday.

　　Mr Takahashi filed his complaint on Tuesday with the Nagoya District Court in the central Chubu region of Japan, the newspaper said.

　　NHK said it would not comment until it had studied the legal documents.

　　Other examples of English words often used in Japanese include:

　　telebi (TV)

　　lajio (radio)

　　kompulaianse (compliance)

　　kolaborasion (collaboration)

　　dejitaru (digital)

　　taoru (towel)

　　Vocabulary is also borrowed from other foreign languages. The German "arbeit" becomes "arubaitois" to mean work, and the Spanish "pan" is understood as bread.

　　Traditionalists in France and French-speaking Canada also worry about the influx of English words into their native tongue.

　　France&0#39;s 1994 Toubon Law makes French compulsory in government publications, most workplaces, advertisements, parts of the media and state-funded schools.

　　However, the French parliament is debating relaxing these rules so that university courses can be taught in English.

　　"Loanwords" commonly used in the English language include the German "kindergarten", "zeitgeist" and "blitz" as well as French terms such as "faux-pas", "decor" and "cafe".

　　据英国广播公司6月27日报道，一位日本观众指控日本的全国性电视台过度使用英语外来词，造成精神上的痛苦。

　　现年71岁高桥鹏二（Hoji Takahashi）要求日本NHK电视台赔偿其140万日元精神损失费。

　　老人的代理律师宫田康弘（Mutsuo Miyata ）对法新社说：“他的忧虑来源于日本过度美国化。”

　　二战后，美国占领日本期间，英语越来越多地渗透入日本社会之中。

　　随之而来的是日本民众对美国流行文化日益高涨的兴趣。

　　日本的现代词汇中充斥着外来词，其中大部分外语词经过修改，以适应日语的语音结构。

　　控诉

　　高桥鹏二是支持日语活动团体的成员，特别指出NHK电视台的新闻节目和娱乐节目大量使用toraburu" (trouble), "risuku" (risk)和"shisutemu" (system)等外语单词。

　　他指责NHK电台拒绝使用相应的本土词汇，很不负现任。

　　宫田康弘在26日周三对《日本时报》说：“由于日本社会越来越美国化，但高桥鹏二先生觉得NHK作为全国性电视台不应跟风，而应努力维护日语的优先使用权。对此，他认为保护日本文化任重道远。”

　　据《日本时报》报道，高桥鹏二已于本周二（25日）向日本中部（Chubu）地区的名古屋地方法院（Nagoya District Court）提起申诉。

　　NHK电视台则表示，在对相关法律文件作出研讨前不会发表任何意见。

　　以下是其他一些经常在日语中出现的外语单词：telebi (TV)，lajio (radio)，kompulaianse (compliance)，kolaborasion (collaboration)，dejitaru (digital)，taoru (towel)。

　　词汇也借鉴了其它的外语。德语单词"arubaitois"是从"arbeit"转化来的，意思是工作。西班牙语”pan”则可以理解成”bread”。

　　法国的传统主义者和一些讲法语的加拿大人也担心英语单词大量流入他们的母语，会对其造成冲击。

　　法国1994年颁布的《都蓬法律》（Toubon Law）规定：政府出版物、大多数工作场所、广告、部分媒体和公立学校必须强制使用法语。

　　但是，如今法国议会正在讨论放宽这些规定，以便实现用英语教授大学课程。

　　外来词在英语单词中很常见。如"kindergarten", "zeitgeist"和"blitz"等词就源自德语单词，而"faux-pas", "decor"和"cafe"则来自法语。