临终关怀 二十九项指标预测死亡风险(双语)

2015年01月26日14:17  新浪教育 微博    收藏本文     
死亡测试死亡测试

  A test to identify thoseelderly patients most at risk of dying within 30 days has been developed by doctors。

  近期研究人员推出了一项测试,该测试旨在预测那些老年患者在30天内的死亡风险。

  They say the test will give people thechance to go home and spend time saying goodbye to loved ones, preventing themfrom enduring their last days in hospital。

  研究者说,这项测试可以让患者在死亡之前有机会回到家中和亲人告别,而不是在医院度过最后的时光。

  The 29-point checklist will prevent futileand costly treatments that prolong the patient's suffering and frustratedoctors, the researchers said。

  同时这项测试可以帮助患者减少那些无用但昂贵的医疗费用,减轻病人的痛苦以及医护人员的沮丧。

  The test comprises a checklist of 29predictors of health including age, frailty, the severity of their illness andmental impairment. It also includes previous emergency admissions, treatment inthe intensive care department, heart rate and protein in the urine (which isoften a sign of kidney disease)。

  清单内容包括患者的年龄、病情和精神障碍,何时入院,住院后所接受的治疗,心率以及尿蛋白含量(用来测试是否患有肾病)。

  From looking at these indicators doctorscan produce a percentage chance of death between one month and 12 weeks。

  通过观察这些指标,医生可以预测在4周至12周内患者死亡的概率。

  Researchers say the aim of Critera forScreening and Triaging to Appropriate aLternative care - or CriSTAL for short -is to kick-start frank discussions about end of life care and preventineffective treatment。

  这一清单旨在发起人们对患者的临终关怀的讨论,阻止无意义的治疗。

  THE 29-POINT DEATH TEST

  死亡测试29项

  For patients with an age of 65 or over whohave been admitted to hospital this time in an emergency:

  适用于65及65岁以上急症入院的老年患者

  1. Altered level of consciousness (GlasgowComa Score change >2 or AVPU=P or U)

  改变的意识水平(格拉斯哥昏迷评分改变> 2或AVPU = P U)

  2. Blood pressure (a systolic bloodpressure of less than 90 mm Hg)

  2.血压(收缩压小于90毫米汞柱)

  3. Respiratory rate of more than five andless than 30

  3.呼吸速率大于5小于30

  4. Pulse rate of less than 40 or more than140

  脉冲频率不到40或超过140

  5. Need for oxygen therapy, or known oxygensaturation of less than 90 per cent

  5.需要氧气疗法,或已知的血氧饱和度低于90%

  6. Hypolglaecemia blood glucose level (lesssugar in the blood than normal)

  6. Hypolglaecemia血糖水平(血液含糖量少于正常水平)

  7. Repeat or prolonged seizures

  7.重复或长时间惊厥

  8. Low output of urine (less than 15 mL/hor less than 0.5 mL/kg/h) or a MEW or SEWS score of more than 4

  8. 尿量少(少于15毫升/小时或小于0.5 mL / kg / h)

  9. Previous history of disease, including:

  早期病史

  10. Advanced cancer

  癌症晚期

  11. Kidney disease

  肾脏疾病

  12. Heart failure

  心脏衰竭

  13. Various types of lung diseases

  各种类型的肺部疾病

  14. Strokes and vascular dementia

  中风和血管性痴呆

  15. Heart attack

  心脏病发作

  16. Moderate to severe liver disease

  中度或严重的肝脏疾病

  17. Mental impairment such as dementia ordisability from a stroke

  精神障碍,如痴呆或中风引起的残疾

  18. Length of stay before this RRT call (>5days predicts 1-year mortality)

  采用肾脏替代疗法之前的住院时间(大于 5天1年死亡率预测)

  19. Repeat hospitalisations in the pastyear

  过去的一年时间重复住院治疗

  20. Repeat admission to the intensive caredepartment of the hospital

  多次住进重症监护室

  21. Frailty

  虚弱

  22. Unexplained weight loss

  原因不明的体重减轻

  23. Self-reported exhaustion

  疲惫

  24. Weakness (being unable to grip objects,being unable to handle objects or lift heavy objects of less than or equal to4.5kg,

  无法提起小于或等于4.5公斤的重物

  25. Slow walking speed (walks 4.5m in morethan 7 seconds) or is

  行走速度缓慢(走4.5米所需时间超过7秒)

  26. Inability to do physical exercise orstand

  不能做体育锻炼或站立

  27. Is a nursing home resident or lives insupported accommodation

  居住在养老院

  28. Having urine in their blood (more than30mg albumin/g creatinine

  尿液中出现蛋白(超过30毫克尿液白蛋白/肌酐)

  29. Abnormal ECG (irregular heartbeat, fastheartbeat and any other abnormal rhythm or more than or equal to 5 ectopics/minand changes to Q or ST waves)

  异常心电图(心跳不规则,过快或任何其他异常节律以及超过或等于5异位/分钟,Q或ST波幅改变)

  (来源:每日邮报;编译:LULU)

文章关键词: 双语死亡

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