李克强2016达沃斯论坛致辞及语言点精析

2016年06月30日 17:24 新浪教育 微博
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  在第十届夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式上的致辞

  中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强

  Address by Premier Li Keqiang at the Opening Ceremony Of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions

  (2016年6月27日)

  Tianjin, 27 June 2016

  要点:这是致辞的一般格式,address by +人名+at 会议名

  “达沃斯论坛“又叫“新领军者年会”因此可译为the Annual Meeting of the New Champions

  尊敬的施瓦布主席先生,

  尊敬的各位政府首脑,

  尊敬的各位贵宾,

  女士们,先生们:

  Professor Klaus Schwab,

  Distinguished Heads of Government,

  Distinguished Guests,

  Ladies and Gentlemen,

  很高兴与大家在天津再次相聚。首先,我代表中国政府,对夏季达沃斯论坛的召开,表示热烈祝贺!对各位远道而来的嘉宾和媒体界的朋友,表示诚挚欢迎!

  It‘s a great pleasure to meet you again in Tianjin。 At the outset, I wish to congratulate, on behalf of the Chinese government, the opening of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions, and extend sincere welcome to all our guests coming from afar and friends from the press。

  分析:

  1, 本段属于是“套话段”,基本上所有的致辞都会用到,如on behalf of ,extend sincere welcome to,

  2, “远道而来的“译为coming from afar,这也是出镜率很高的词了

  本次论坛是第10届夏季达沃斯论坛。中国有句话叫“十年树木”。如果把这个论坛比作树木的话,经过十年的精心培育,已是枝繁叶茂、硕果累累,不仅向世界展示了中国改革开放和现代化建设的历程与成就,也为世界和中国实现共同发展繁荣贡献了智慧与力量。

  This is the tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, or the Summer Davos, as it is known。 There is a Chinese saying which goes, “It takes ten years to grow a tree。” If we could compare the Summer Davos to a tree, after ten years of careful nurturing, it has grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits。 It has showcased to the world the process and achievements of China‘s reform, opening up and modernization。 It has also contributed wisdom and strength to the common development and prosperity of China and the world。

  要点:

  1,“十年树木”即“一棵树要生长十年才能成为一棵大树” It takes ten years to grow a tree。

  “有句话叫”也是固定表达,可译为as a saying goes,也可按文中译法翻译

  2,“枝繁叶茂、硕果累累”合译作grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits,luxuriant即“繁茂的”

  3,“不仅向世界展示了中国改革开放和现代化建设的历程与成就,也为世界和中国实现共同发展繁荣贡献了智慧与力量”我们看到这句话首先会想到用not only…but also 之类的句式,然而在口译现场,尤其是同传,是不太可能用这个句式连接内容如此长的两个成分的,因此,通常译为两个分句,以保持翻译的流畅性~

  国际金融危机爆发以来,各方努力应对,使用了各种刺激增长的政策工具。8年过去了,世界经济复苏远不及预期,全球贸易投资增长低迷,大宗商品和金融市场不时动荡,发达国家和新兴经济体走势分化,地缘政治风险加大,不稳定因素增多。前几天英国公投脱欧,对国际金融市场的影响已经显现,世界经济新的不确定性还在增加。在此情况下,推动世界经济复苏和各国经济增长,需要共同应对挑战、提振信心,共同营造稳定的国际环境,共同寻求治本之策。欧洲国家是中国的重要伙伴。在新的形势下,中方将继续致力于维护好发展好中欧、中英关系。我们希望看到一个团结、稳定的欧盟,也希望看到一个稳定、繁荣的英国。本届论坛以“第四次工业革命——转型的力量”为主题,为人们提供了新视角,具有前瞻性和现实意义。在此,我愿提出几点看法,与大家交流。

  When the international financial crisis broke out eight years ago, countries resorted to various policy tools to grapple with the crisis and stimulate growth。 Eight years on, recovery of the world economy has fallen far short of people‘s expectations: global trade and investment are lackluster; commodities and financial markets have experienced volatility from time to time; growth prospects of developed and emerging economies are diverging; and geopolitical risks and destabilizing factors are both on the rise。 Just a few days ago, the UK voted to leave the EU in a referendum。 This is already making an impact on the international financial markets and adding to the uncertainties in the world economy。 Against such a backdrop, to promote world economic recovery and the growth of all economies, we need to make joint efforts to tackle challenges, strengthen confidence, foster a stable international environment and find solutions to address root causes of the problems we face。 European countries are important partners for China。 Under the new circumstances, China will continue to maintain and grow its relations with the EU and the UK。 We hope to see a united and stable EU and a stable and prosperous UK.The theme of the forum, “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”, offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant。 Let me share with you a few thoughts in this connection。

  要点:

  1,“全球贸易投资增长低迷,大宗商品和金融市场不时动荡,发达国家和新兴经济体走势分化,地缘政治风险加大,不稳定因素增多”主谓这几个中文的主谓结构在译作英文时依旧是主谓,注意积累“低迷”“动荡”“分化”等词的表达~

  2,“前几天英国公投脱欧,对国际金融市场的影响已经显现,世界经济新的不确定性还在增加。”中的“前几天英国公投脱欧”在句中作主语,翻译时需要将其名词化,但它其实是一句话,因此可以把他单独拿出来译,之后用this或it代指来引起下面的句子

  3,“共同应对挑战、提振信心,共同营造稳定的国际环境,共同寻求治本之策”中的“共同”译为make joint effort to,make effort 可以作“着力于,实施”讲,也可以加上great,persistent等形容词变作各种意思,它在政经类文章中的作用就像“革命一块砖,哪里需要哪里搬”,

  4,“具有现实意义”=be relevant, 这个表述我们不常见,relevant 意为“紧密相关的,有价值的,有意义的”~新表述要get 哦

  5,“本届论坛以“第四次工业革命——转型的力量”为主题,为人们提供了新视角,具有前瞻性和现实意义。”在笔译中,我们一般可用with,之后引出主语和主要动词,以显示层次性。但口译大多是顺译,因此本句话译作The theme of the forum, “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”, offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant。

  综述:注意口译文和笔译的区别~

  第一, 推动世界经济稳定复苏,需要积极实施结构性改革。解决世界经济深层次矛盾和问题,既要加强需求管理,又要着力推进结构性改革,以消除“病灶”。各国情况不尽相同,总的方向是针对经济失衡,重点推进财政金融改革,放松管制,促进竞争,支持创新,扩大开放,协力促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。

  First, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must actively carry out structural reform。 To address the deep-seated problems in the world economy, we need to both strengthen demand management and advance structural reform to eliminate the root causes that trigger problems。 Countries may face different situations, yet they should all move toward addressing economic imbalance by way of promoting fiscal and financial reform, easing regulation, facilitating competition, supporting innovation and expanding opening up, and should all work together to ensure strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy。

  要点:

  1, 开头的两大讲措施的长~句~都是典型的无主句,政经类一般增主语we,(具体例子参照政府工作报告)

  2, “病灶”即“感染疾病的主要部位”此处译者译为root causes that trigger problems,是按“根源”理解的,似乎不是很准确,可按“重大问题”译

  3, “总的方向是…”并没有译作the main direction is… 而是 译为动词词组move all towards,值得我们学习和借鉴,积累同一短语的不同表述是很重要的

  4, “协力促进…”译为all work together to ensure…ensure 这个词也是神通广大了,既可以用作“保证,确保”,也可以像这句话一样用于过渡

  第二,推动世界经济稳定复苏,必须加快经济转型升级。全球经济摆脱困境,最终要靠转变发展方式,加快新旧动能转换。世界新一轮科技革命和产业变革孕育兴起,为此提供了历史性机遇。一大批引领性、颠覆性新技术、新工具、新材料的涌现,有力推动着新经济成长和传统产业升级。各方应因势利导,把政策着力点放在支持经济转型升级上,增强经济发展新动力。

  Second, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must speed up economic transformation and upgrading。 For the world economy to walk out of the woods, the ultimate solution lies in shifting the growth model and replacing old growth drivers with new ones at a faster pace。 The advent of a new round of technological and industrial revolution has provided a historical opportunity for this。 The emergence of new technologies, new tools and new materials, which are of pace-setting and transformational significance, has given a strong boost to the growth of the new economy and the upgrading of traditional industries。 Countries should follow this prevailing trend by focusing their policies on supporting economic transformation and upgrading, and strengthen the new drivers of economic growth。

  要点:

  1, 本段“加快”出现了两次,分别译为speed up以及do sth at a faster speed,再次强调多记同义替换很重要!

  2, “walk out of the woods”即“摆脱困境”

  3, “…兴起”,“…涌现”都用the +抽象名词+of的方式译出,体现英语多呈静态性的特点

  4, “因势利导”=follow the prevailing trend

  5, By,与前面的by way of作用相似,用做方式状语时,表具体做的事情,如“青岛正积极应对国际金融危机,大力发展新能源和新材料…”译为Qingdao is currently investing strenuous efforts to encounter the international financial crisis by promoting the emerging industry,carrying new energy and new material…

  当前中国经济发展的基本面没有改变,宏观政策也会保持连续性稳定性。我们将继续创新宏观调控方式,加力增效实施积极的财政政策,灵活适度实施稳健的货币政策,把资源更多引向有利于补短板、增后劲、上水平的领域,引向有利于促进转型升级等新经济的领域。现在,中国政府负债率40%左右,中央政府负债率16%左右,在世界主要经济体中是比较低的,实施积极的财政政策有空间;居民储蓄率高,发展多层次资本市场潜力大,完善金融调控手段、优化金融资源配置有很大余地,可以创造条件,运用市场化、法治化方式逐步降低企业杠杆率和融资成本。我们不仅有足够的政策工具保持经济运行在合理区间,而且有充分的能力防范住系统性区域性风险。在调整转型时期,中国经济增长短期难免有波动起伏,但不会出现“硬着陆”,我们能够实现全年经济社会发展主要预期目标。

  The fundamentals of the Chinese economy have remained unchanged, and our macro policies will maintain continuity and stability。 In the meantime, we will continue to innovate means of macro control, implement the proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and efficiency, and carry out the prudent monetary policy in a flexible and appropriate fashion。 We will channel more resources into areas that help strengthen weak links, increase the momentum of development and take development to a higher level, as well as into areas of the new economy that serve to promote economic transformation and upgrading。 The current debt ratio for the Chinese government is around 40 percent, and is only around 16 percent for the central government, lower than many other major economies。 This has given us space for a proactive fiscal policy。 A high savings rate in China means huge potential for the development of multi-tiered capital markets。 It also means major leeway for improving financial regulation methods and financial resource allocation。 We are in a position to create conditions to gradually lower corporate leverage ratio and financing costs in a market-based and law-based manner。 We not only have sufficient policy tools to keep economic performance within the reasonable range。 We also have strong ability to prevent systemic or regional risks。 In the stage of transition, short-term fluctuations of economic growth are hardly avoidable, but the Chinese economy will not head for a “hard landing”。 And we will be able to achieve the main economic and social development targets set for this year。

  要点:

  1,“加力增效” with greater intensity and efficiency,为了保持句式的灵活性,翻译中的状语可以译为多种形式,比如本例中的with+名词,也可译为副词或转译为形容词,如“准确译出…”=give an accurate translation of…

  2,“灵活适度”依旧后置译为in a flexible and appropriate fashion,in也是翻译状语的一把好手~

  2,” 积极的财政政策”,”稳健的货币政策”都是翻译必背词汇,这里不多说了,背吧骚年们~

  3,channel在政经类文章的翻译中也是很常见的“多用途词“如

  ①”着力“= channel great effort into, take great pains to, concentrate one‘s efforts on

  ②调拨 (钱、资源) : channel funds to the poor countries

  ③集中 (精力、情感) : Most of his energy was channeled into writing。

  ④传送:Women are likely to be channeled into jobs as teachers or nurses

  此外作名词时,它还可做“渠道,途径“讲,因此看到”将…引向“时,channel是个不错的选择哦

  4,“居民储蓄率高,发展多层次资本市场潜力大”可按“居民储蓄率高,意味着潜力大”来翻译,领导人讲话中很多都是典型的中式表达,翻译时要找清短句间的内在联系

  5,be in the position to do 意为“有能力能够做某事”等于下文的have (strong) ability to和be able to,这些同义替换词都是值得积累的,其反义表达为be in no position to do文学翻译中常用~

  综述:本段经济类术语很多,小编只是就翻译表达和政经类常用词进行分析,其他还是需要大家拿起笔记记记~

  中国经济发展潜力大、优势足、空间广,前景光明。我们有9亿多劳动力,其中1.7亿多受过高等教育或有专业技能,每年大学毕业生700多万,中职毕业生500多万。科技人员数量世界第一,研发投入世界第二,去年投入的资金1万多亿元。中国是世界第二大经济体、第一制造大国,还是货物贸易和服务贸易大国、吸收外资和对外投资大国。中国也是世界第二大消费市场,中等收入群体数以亿计并日益扩大,农村贫困人口逐年减少,城镇常住人口每年增加上千万。这是一个世界上最具增长潜力的新兴大市场,也是各方人才能够充分发挥智力潜能、投资兴业的大舞台。我们对中国经济,不论是当前还是未来,都持乐观态度。乐观是充满信心的表现,在市场经济条件下,信心引导预期,本身就是巨大的力量。

  Looking ahead, the Chinese economy has huge potential, strong advantage, broad space and bright prospect。 China has a 900 million strong workforce, among whom 170 million have received higher education or training in professional skills。 Every year we produce over seven million college graduates and over five million graduates from secondary vocational schools。 We are No.1 in the world in terms of the number of science professionals and No.2 in R&D input, with an input of over RMB 1 trillion made last year。 China is the second biggest economy, the largest manufacturing country, a major trading nation in goods and services, and a major destination and source of foreign investment。 It is also the world’s second largest consumer market。 Its middle-income population is in the hundreds of millions and is still expanding。 The number of the rural poor is falling year by year, while that of permanent urban residents is growing by over 10 million each year。 All these make China a major emerging market with the biggest growth potential。 It makes China a big stage where people from every corner could tap into their intellectual potential and start their business。 We are optimistic about the current state and future prospect of the Chinese economy。 Optimism is a sign of confidence, and in market economy conditions, confidence guides people’s expectations。 This in itself generates powerful strength。

  要点:

  1,“…潜力大、优势足、空间广,前景光明”译为…has huge potential, strong advantage, broad space and bright prospect,是典型的主谓结构转偏正结构的手法~

  2,“其中”,用among/of +关系代词,译为从句,也是很常见的手法,如:

  ① 中国菜历史悠久,流派众多,主要代表有‘八大菜系’“=With a long history ,Chinese cuisine has a number of different generes, the main of which are “Eight Cusines”。

  ② 今年保障性安居工程新安排 740 万套,其中棚户区改造 580 万套,增加 110 万套,= This year, our plan includes building an additional 7.4 million units of government-subsidized housing, of which 5.8 million are to be located in rundown urban areas, an increase of 1.1 million over last year。

  3,“中国是世界第二大经济体、第一制造大国,还是货物贸易和服务贸易大国、吸收外资和对外投资大国。”译为China is the second biggest economy, the largest manufacturing country, a major trading nation in goods and services, and a major destination and source of foreign investment。为了避免重复用词,译者将“货物贸易和服务贸易大国”进行了合并翻译,将“吸收外资和对外投资大国灵活译为distination 和 source,这些都是以良好的词汇功底为基础的

  4,“中等收入群体数以亿计并日益扩大,农村贫困人口逐年减少,城镇常住人口每年增加上千万”和“这是一个世界上最具增长潜力的新兴大市场,也是各方人才能够充分发挥智力潜能、投资兴业的大舞台”具有隐含的因果关系~因此译为It makes…,笔译时译为which makes…也可以

  综述:找关系找关系找关系,是应对中式表达的最基本法则

  女士们、先生们!

  Ladies and Gentlemen,

  中国经济发展正处于新旧动能接续转换、经济转型升级的关键时期。我们将坚持发展第一要务,坚持稳中求进工作总基调,落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念,实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路,在适度扩大总需求的同时,坚定不移推进供给侧结构性改革,抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板,推动发展从过度依赖自然资源转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新驱动,使中国经济保持中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。

  The Chinese economy is at a crucial stage of transition from old to new growth drivers and a stage of economic transformation and upgrading。 We will focus on development as the top priority and promote steady progress as we pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development。 We will ensure that the government’s macro policies are stable, industrial policies are well-targeted, micro policies are flexible, reform policies are solid and social policies meet people’s basic needs。 While appropriately expanding aggregate demand, we will steadfastly advance supply-side structural reform, concentrate on cutting overcapacity, reducing inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs and strengthening weak links, so that China’s development could be less reliant on natural resources and be more driven by human resources and innovation。 This will enable the Chinese economy to maintain medium-high growth rates and move to medium-high development levels。

  要点:

  1,“处于…时期”=at a (crucial) period/stage of

  2, “坚持发展第一要务”即“坚持发展为第一要务”= focus on development as the top priority

  这个已然成为一个固定表述了~

  3,“实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路”这句乍看不好译,其实他只透露了一个意思即“我们要做好以下工作,保证宏观政策稳定,产业政策准确,微观政策灵活…”用ensure 来译,即We will ensure that the government’s macro policies are stable, industrial policies are well-targeted, micro policies are flexible, reform policies are solid and social policies meet people’s basic needs。“托底”即“满足人民最基本的需求”

  4,“抓好”也是政经类出现的高频词,通常用concentrate/focus on来表示,如“狠抓落实”= focus on implementation

  5,“推动发展从过度依赖自然资源转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新驱动,”译为so that China’s development could be less reliant on natural resources and be more driven by human resources and innovation。此处并未将“推动“译出,因为“推动”也是前面措施的结果,用一个so that足以~

  综述:注意ensure的用法,它政府工作报告中出现了几十次,是高频词中的战斗机~

  我们将以创新引领经济转型升级。创新是发展的第一动力,是供给侧结构性改革的重要内容。我们要深入实施创新驱动发展战略,加快建设创新型国家和世界科技强国,为经济转型升级提供强大支撑。

  We will guide economic transformation and upgrading through innovation。 Innovation is the primary driver of development and an important part of supply-side structural reform。 We need to further implement the innovation-driven development strategy, and step up efforts to build an innovation-driven country and a strong country in science and technology, so as to provide robust support for economic transformation and upgrading。

  要点:

  1,“供给侧结构性改革“= supply-side structural reform

  2,“深入实施“= further implement,注意further的用法,通常是和动词连用~如”进一步/深入推进“=further promote

  3,“加快建设创新型国家和世界科技强国,为经济转型升级提供强大支撑“后一句是前一句的目的,用so as to 连接~

  加快发展新经济、培育新动能。我们将大力推进科技创新,着力突破重大关键核心技术,推进创新成果转化应用。着力推动大众创业、万众创新,进一步推进“互联网+”行动,广泛运用物联网、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术,促进不同领域融合发展,催生更多的新产业、新业态、新模式,推出更加符合市场需要的新产品和新服务,打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台,汇聚各方力量加速创新进程,培育新的经济增长点。

  We will accelerate the development of the new economy and cultivate new growth drivers。 We will vigorously advance innovation in science and technology, work for breakthroughs in major, key technologies, and promote the commercialization of innovation results。 We will also advocate mass entrepreneurship and innovation, further promote the “Internet+” strategy, extensively apply the new generation of information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and cloud computing。 We will promote integrated development of different sectors and facilitate the emergence of more new industries, new forms of business and new business models。 It is also necessary to roll out new products and services that better meet the needs of the market and build platforms for mass innovation, crowd sourcing, collective support and crowd funding。 This way, we could pool strengths to accelerate innovation and cultivate new areas of economic growth。

  要点:

  1,“加快“= accelerate/speed up

  ”培育“= cultivate/nurture

  ”大力推进“= vigorously advance(本段出现了三个”推进“,译为advance /promote

  ”着力“=work for +名词(通常用work to do)

  2,催生=facilitate

  推出=roll out

  3,”汇集各方力量“=pool strengths to

  综述:本段主要是各种表达的积累,上述表达都是政经类的“常客”,其同义替换也应牢记

  加快改造提升传统动能。创新之新,不光是发展新经济,也包括对传统产业改造提升,使其不断焕发新的生机和活力。我们将深入实施《中国制造2025》,推进制造业信息化、智能化改造,围绕满足消费者多样化需求开展个性化定制、柔性化生产,加快生产、管理、营销模式变革,重塑产业链、供应链、价值链,提高中国制造综合竞争力。

  We need to transform and upgrade traditional drivers of growth at a faster pace。 Innovation is not only about developing the new economy。 It is also about transforming and upgrading traditional industries to give them new vitality。 We will implement the Made in China 2025 initiative to make manufacturing more IT-based and smarter。 We will conduct custom-tailored and flexible production to meet consumers’ diverse needs。 We will accelerate changes in models of production, management and marketing and create new industry chains, supply chains and value chains。 This will make Chinese manufacturing more competitive。

  要点:

  1, “围绕满足消费者多样化需求开展个性化定制、柔性化生产,“译为We will conduct custom-tailored and flexible production to meet consumers’ diverse needs,其中custom-tailored意为”个性化的,量身定制的“,这类复合词在文中也多次出现,

  2, ”…化“译为-based(本意为”以…为基础的“), 文中除了本段的IT-based(信息化),还有market-based,(市场化)和 law-based,rule-based(法制化),此外政府工作报告中有时也用the law-based governance of the country,表示”依法治国“,同时翻译”以…为载体的“也能用,如Internet-based(以互联网为载体的)

  我们倡导新发展理念,包括共享的理念,发展共享经济也是发展众创经济。经济全球化深入发展和互联网日益普及,为人民群众创业创新提供了广阔的平台和空间。我们将通过深入推动“双创”,把精英与草根、线上与线下、企业与科研院所的创新活动融合起来,以千千万万市场主体的“微行为”,汇聚成创新发展的“众力量”。充分利用互联网平台,高效率对接海量供需信息,推进科技研发、专业知识、工匠技能的合作共享。众创经济、共享经济人人可参与、人人可受益,有利于激发所有人的潜能,形成合理的收入分配格局,壮大中等收入群体,让更多人特别是青年人通过努力实现人生价值,促进社会公平正义。

  The new vision of development that we advocate is also about developing a sharing economy。 The sharing economy is one of mass participation。 Greater economic globalization and the spread of the Internet have provided a big stage and broad space for entrepreneurship and innovation by the people。 Through mass entrepreneurship and innovation, we will combine the innovation activities of the elites with the grassroots, the on-line with the off-line, and companies with research institutes, so that individual efforts of numerous market players will lead to greater synergy for innovation-driven development。 If we could make full use of the Internet to efficiently match the massive amounts of information about supply with that about demand, we could then bring about cooperation among and sharing of R&D and professional expertise and skills。 The sharing economy is something that everyone can take part in and benefit from。 It could unleash everyone’s potential, facilitate reasonable income distribution, expand the middle income group, allow more people, in particular the young, to fulfill their dreams through hard work, and promote social equity and justice。

  要点:

  1,“我们将通过深入推动“双创”,把精英与草根、线上与线下、企业与科研院所的创新活动融合起来,以千千万万市场主体的“微行为”,汇聚成创新发展的“众力量”。“译者在处理这个”多动词句“时,将前两个分句和后两个分句处理为为”手段——目的“的结构,以so that也不失为一种方法~值得参考

  2,“充分利用互联网平台,高效率对接海量供需信息,推进科技研发、专业知识、工匠技能的合作共享。“又是一多动词句,译为If we could make full use of the Internet to efficiently match the massive amounts of information about supply with that about demand, we could then bring about cooperation among and sharing of R&D and professional expertise and skills。又是将两句处理为因果关系~

  3,facilitate之前我们见过,当时是做“催生“来讲,其本意为”促使,帮助“或”为…提供方便“如“实施培育外贸竞争新优势的政策措施,促进加工贸易转型…”= We will implement policies and measures to enable China’s foreign trade to develop new competitive edges, facilitate the transformation of processing trade…也是出镜率很高的哦

  我们将以全面深化改革推动经济转型升级。我国过去30多年取得的巨大成就靠的是改革,破解制约发展的体制机制障碍、推动经济转型升级根本上也要靠改革。我们将坚定不移深化改革,更大程度激发市场活力和社会创造力。

  We will enhance economic transformation and upgrading by comprehensively deepening reform。 We have relied on reform for the remarkable achievements we made in the past 30-plus years。 And fundamentally, we must rely on reform if we are to remove the institutional obstacles hindering development and advance economic transformation and upgrading。 We will firmly deepen reform to unlock market vitality and social creativity to a greater extent。

  积极推进结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革。中国经济发展面临的结构性矛盾,供给和需求两侧都有,主要在供给侧。我们要用改革的办法推进结构调整,减少无效和低端供给,扩大有效和中高端供给。这既有利于经济转型,也有利于促进增长。其中很重要的就是淘汰落后产能、化解过剩产能。重点是抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能,这方面近几年已取得初步成效,原煤、粗钢产量减少,但还要继续加以推动,主要是通过运用市场化、法治化手段,严格环保、质量、安全等标准。去产能最大的难题是人往哪里去。企业要采取多种措施使职工转岗不下岗,中央和地方政府都要对职工分流安置给予必要支持。产能过剩是一个全球性问题,我们主动采取行动去产能,说明中国是负责任的国家。

  We need to advance structural reform, in particular that on the supply side。 The structural problems facing the Chinese economy are about both the supply and demand sides, especially the supply side。 We need to advance structural adjustment through reform, reduce inefficient and low-end supply, and expand effective and medium- to high-end supply。 This is conducive to economic transformation as well as growth。 A major task for us is to phase out outdated production capacity and address overcapacity, especially in steel, coal and other sectors that face difficulty in operation。 Initial progress has been made in recent years, as is shown in the lowering production of raw coal and crude steel, but our efforts must well continue。 We will adopt a market-based and rules-based approach and apply strict standards in environmental protection, quality and safety。 The biggest challenge is how to address possible layoffs in this process。 Businesses need to take multiple measures to ensure that their employees will get reemployed。 Both the central and local governments should provide necessary support to take care of the affected employees。 Overcapacity is a global challenge。 The fact that we have taken the initiative to cut overcapacity demonstrates that China is indeed a responsible country。

  要点:

  1, phase out意为“逐步淘汰“如:Apart from a few small pollution and environmental benefits of good, the industry will phase out in Hebei province。(除个别几个污染小、环境效益好的企业外,整个行业将从河北省逐步退出。)

  2, “人往哪里去“即”如何安置有可能下岗的人员“故译为how to address possible layoffs in this process。

  3,“转岗不下岗“即”保证员工再就业“译为get/be reemployed。有些政策不宜直译,而是要在理解的基础上进行意译~

  4,“要对职工分流安置给予必要支持“中的”分流安置“已经体现在前面be reemployed,上了,因此此处译为 take care of the affected employees。(affected employee=前面的possible layoffs)也算传情达意了

  进一步推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。加快转变政府职能、提高效能,营造公平竞争的市场环境和激励创新的制度环境。坚持“简”字当头,把政府该放的权力放出去,能取消的尽量取消、尽可能直接放给市场和社会。同时,加强和创新市场监管。探索包容而有效的审慎监管方式,引导和支持新业态新模式健康发展。对有些符合发展方向但出现了这样或那样一些问题的,要及时予以引导和纠正,消除风险隐患,但也不能因噎废食,应使之有合理发展空间;对那些以创新之名行非法经营、欺诈诈骗之实的,要依法予以惩罚。严格保护知识产权。大力推行“互联网+政务服务”,搭建开放的政府公共服务平台,最大限度推进政府信息数据开放共享,便利群众和企业办事创业,提高政府服务效率。

  We also need to further streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services。 We need to transform government functions more rapidly, improve efficiency, and ensure a level-playing field for all players and a pro-innovation institutional environment。 We need to give priority to “simplicity” by taking away undue government powers and delegating them directly to the market and society wherever possible。 At the same time, we need to strengthen and innovate in market oversight, explore inclusive and effective prudential regulation, and guide and support the healthy development of new business forms and models。 For those players that follow the right direction but have encountered problems, we need to give them prompt guidance, fix the problems and remove potential risks。 We need to give them reasonable space for development instead of rejecting them outright。 As for those conducting illegal operations or fraud in the name of innovation, we will punish them to the full extent of the law。 We need to strictly protect intellectual property rights。 We also need to promote the “Internet plus government services” model, and set up an open platform of government public services, so that government data could be shared as much as possible。 This will make it easier for individuals and companies to get things done and start up businesses, and it will enhance government efficiency。

  要点:

  1,” 坚持“简”字当头”即“把‘简’放在首要位置”,故译为We need to give priority to “simplicity”

  2,“因噎废食”比喻要做的事情由于出了点小毛病或怕出问题就索性不去干。此处根据上下文译为rejecting them outright(直接拒绝)即可

  3, to the full extent of sth即“最大限度地,在尽可能范围内”如:

  ① Public Security Minister Meng Jianzhu promised that violators will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law。中国公安部长孟建柱承诺,违法者将受到法律最大限度的追究。

  ② So I always play it safe and assume that all source material was copyrighted to the full extent of the law。所以,为了不冒险,我总是假定所有的原始资料都是受到法律规定的著作权保护的。

  4,This will make…也是典型的表顺承的结构,和前面所讲的as a result一样~

  5,“办事创业”= get things done and start up businesses

  综述:本段主要讲“简政放权”,这已经是个老热点了,相关表达一定要烂熟于心

  协同推进财税、金融、投资等重点领域改革。我们已全面实施营改增,这是一次大规模的减税降负,有利于现代服务业和中小微企业创新发展。深化金融体制改革,加快完善现代金融监管体制,提高金融服务实体经济效率。我们还将深化国有企业、农村、投融资等领域的改革,推动社会诚信体系建设,释放经济发展的更大活力。民营经济是经济发展的重要力量,我们将进一步消除民营企业发展的各种障碍,取消不合理的市场准入限制,努力激活民间投资。

  We will promote in a coordinated way reforms in the fiscal, taxation, finance, investment and other key areas。 We have put in place a nation-wide reform to replace business tax with value-added tax。 This major effort to cut taxes and lower the tax burden will facilitate the innovative development of modern service industry, SMEs and micro businesses。 We will deepen the reform of the financial system, accelerate the improvement of the modern financial regulatory regime and increase the efficiency of financial services in supporting the real economy。 We will also intensify reforms in SOEs, rural areas, investment and financing, foster a social credit system and unleash even greater vitality for economic development。 The private sector is an important force driving economic development。 We will do more to remove obstacles for private businesses, lift unreasonable restrictions on market access and strive to stimulate private investment。

  要点:

  1,“协同推进”= promote in a coordinated way

  2,“实施”=put in place这个表述不常见到,用惯了implement,conduct等词,这个词也是让人耳目一新~如:Traders fear that the austerity measures being put in place in many euro zone countries will hit growth。交易商担心的紧缩措施正在付诸实施,在许多国家将打击欧元区经济增长。

  3,”全面“这个词,此处译为nation-wide,身为一个高频词,它必然也是有很多替换词的,如Fully,comprehensively, across the board ,in all respects,

  4,本段出现两次“深化改革“,分别用了动词deepen和intensify reforms in/of

  5,进一步做某事=(we will)do more to…

  综述:本段是“财税类“,”营改增“之类的词都是政经类的”老词“了~

  我们将以开放助推经济转型升级。开放也是改革,而且会倒逼改革。中国无论发展到什么阶段,都需要与世界各国取长补短、互学互鉴,对外开放的大门会越开越大。我们将进一步提高开放型经济水平,扩大服务业和一般制造业开放,为外商提供更多投资机会,营造更加公平、透明、可预期的投资环境。只要是在中国注册的企业,无论是中资还是外资,无论是合资还是独资,我们都一视同仁,切实保障他们的合法权益,提供更好的公共服务。面对当前国际金融市场扑朔迷离的波动,我们将坚持以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度。中国经济的基本面决定了人民币不存在长期贬值的基础,我们有能力保持人民币在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。中国将坚定不移走和平发展道路,坚持互利共赢的开放战略,愿与各国一道共同推动包容平衡增长、绿色可持续发展。

  We will transform and upgrade the economy through opening-up。 Opening-up, being one kind of reform itself, will in turn spur reform efforts。 No matter how developed China will become, it will always need mutual-learning with the rest of the world, and it will open still wider to the outside。 We will enhance our open economy, open wider the service sector and general manufacturing sector, provide more investment opportunities to foreign businesses and foster a fairer, more transparent and predictable investment environment。 All companies registered in China, Chinese-funded, foreign-funded, joint ventures or independently-owned, will be treated as equals。 Their legitimate rights and interests will be protected, and they will have access to better public services。 Facing the current complexities and fluctuations in the international financial markets, China will adhere to a managed, floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies。 The fundamentals of the Chinese economy determine that there is no basis for persistent depreciation of the RMB。 We have the capacity to keep the RMB basically stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level。 China is committed to peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening-up。 We stand ready to work with all other countries to promote inclusive and balanced growth as well as green and sustainable development。

  要点:

  1,“倒逼“即”反过来刺激“,译为in turn spur

  2,“取长补短、互学互鉴“= the mutual-learning with the rest of the world

  3,“无论…无论…”=…or…,…or…

  4, “面对当前国际金融市场扑朔迷离的波动,我们将坚持以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度。”译为Facing the current complexities and fluctuations in the international financial markets, China will adhere to a managed, floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies。其中“以…为基础”译为based on…,”以…为参考“=with reference to…

  5,equilibrium=平衡的,均衡的=balanced

  女士们,先生们!

  Ladies and Gentlemen,

  天津是一个世界大港,从这里可以走向浩瀚的海洋。巨轮远航,需要持久强劲的动力。我们愿与世界各国一道,紧紧抓住新一轮科技和工业革命的机遇,共同打造经济增长新的发动机,推动世界经济在转型升级中实现稳定复苏,共创人类社会发展更加美好的明天!预祝本届论坛圆满成功!

  Tianjin is a big port in the world, where people could start a voyage to sail to the vast ocean。 For a giant ship to sail far, sustained and strong driving force is needed。 China will work with other countries to seize the opportunities brought by the new round of technological and industrial revolution。 Together, we will build new engines of economic growth, promote steady recovery of the world economy through transformation and upgrading, and jointly usher in a better future for the development of mankind。 I wish this forum a full success。

  要点:

  1,①“同…一道做某事”译为work with sb to do,

  ②“共创”其实也是“同…一起创造,一同创造”的意思,用jointly~

  ③”共同打造经济增长新的发动机“中的”共同“是采用将together单独作状语来翻译的~

  2,“预祝…成功“为固定表达=wish …a full success

  (来源:沪江英语)

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