The alleged abduction of a Chinese scholar in the US has prompted colleges to emphasize on-campus security.
中国学者在美绑架案促使各大高校纷纷强调校内安全。
A new school year is beginning in the United States, and as recently arrived international students adjust to the campus environment, security experts are offering tips to help them stay safe.
美国的新学年开始了，随着刚入学的留学生适应校园环境之际，安全专家为其提供了安全锦囊，以帮助他们保护自身安全。
"The international students are enjoying the area. This may be their first visit, so they are looking around, taking pictures, maybe looking like tourists," said Wade MacAdam, who works for the Police Department’s Safety Programs at the University of California, Berkeley.
韦德麦克阿丹在加州大学伯克利分校警察局的安全部门工作，他说：“留学生初来乍到，兴趣盎然，所以会到处看看，拍些照片，犹如游客一般。”
MacAdam believes that those behaviors will make the new arrivals easy targets "so they need to be more aware of their surroundings".
麦克阿丹认为，这些行为会让这些新生很容易成为目标，“所以他们需要更加小心周围环境”。
According to the Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report 2016, released by the FBI this year, the number of violent crimes in the US rose by 5.3 percent in the first six months of last year compared with the same period in 2015.
美国联邦调查局今年发布的“2016年半年度初步统一犯罪报告”显示，美国去年前半年的暴力犯罪事件比2015年同期高出5.3％。
FBI data shows that the number of aggravated assaults rose by 6.5 percent, murders by 5.2 percent, rapes were up by 7.9 percent, and robberies rose by 3.2 percent.
联邦调查局的数据显示，严重袭击案件的数量上升了6.5%，谋杀案件的数量增加了5.2%，强奸率上升了7.9%，抢劫案件的数量增加了3.2%。
Many international students arrive at their dream school in the US to enjoy a high level of education, but seeking a safe experience should be more important than academic success, the experts said.
专家称，许多国际学生留学美国，追逐梦想学校，以期享受高水平教育，但寻求安全经验应该比学术成功更重要。
That point is illustrated by the story of Zhang Yingying, a physics student from China who attends the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who has been missing - allegedly abducted - since June 9. The 26-year-old Fujian province native is presumed dead, and a local man has been arrested in connection with her disappearance.
中国留学生章莹颖的故事便说明了这一点，她是物理专业的学生，在美国伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校访学交流，于6月9日失联，遭受绑架。这位26岁的福建省籍人士已被认定死亡，当地的一名男子涉嫌与她的失踪有关，已被逮捕。
"Some international students, including those from China, are usually introverted, unfamiliar with the new environment, and even speak poor English," said Qiao Fengxiang, a professor at Texas Southern University in Houston.
休斯敦德克萨斯南方大学的教授乔凤祥说：“一些留学生，包括来自中国的留学生，通常很内向，不熟悉新环境，甚至英语说的也很差。”
"When the police chief introduces security services during school orientation, some may not listen carefully or even fully understand what is being said. So they lack such knowledge."
“当警长在学生适应期间介绍安全服务时，有些学生可能听得不认真，或者是不完全理解所说的话，所以他们缺乏这方面的知识。”
California, New York, Texas, Massachusetts and Illinois are the five top destinations for international students, according to the Institute of International Education.
根据国际教育协会，加利福尼亚州，纽约州，德克萨斯州，马萨诸塞州和伊利诺伊州是最受留学生欢迎的五个留学圣地。
Xinhua interviewed students, local residents, security officers and professors from universities in those states to discover useful safety tips. They provided four essentials for international students.
为了发现有用的安全提示，新华社采访了这些州所在大学的学生，当地居民，保安人员和教授。他们为留学生提供了四个要点。
Blue light’ phones
一．“蓝光”手机不可缺
Most US colleges employ "Blue Light" emergency phones. If a student feels threatened, he or she can push the "call’ button on the phone, which will alert campus police who will be dispatched within a few minutes. Students are usually familiarized with the system during campus tours and freshman orientation.
大多数美国大学都使用“蓝光”紧急电话。如果一个学生感觉受到威胁时，他可以按下电话上的“通话”按钮，这样可以向校园警察发出警报，他们会在几分钟之内赶到。学生们通常在参观校园和大一适应期间熟悉这个系统。
The emergency phone system is a timely way to call campus police, especially in areas where local conditions result in unstable or weak network or wireless coverage.
紧急电话系统可以及时调用校园警察，特别适用于那些由于当地条件导致网络不稳定，网络信号弱，无线覆盖差的地区。
"Don’t necessarily call 911, because it goes straight to the Houston Police Department and they’ll call us, causing a delay," said Fred Brown, deputy chief of the police force at Texas Southern University.
弗雷德·布朗（Fred Brown）是德州南方大学的副警察局长，他说，“没必要打911，因为电话直接通向休斯顿警察局，他们再打电话给我们，会造成拖延。”
MacAdam, from UC Berkeley, agreed. "If you call 911 from your cellphone, it might go to a neighboring department and route to the university police. The big advantage with the blue light phones is that we know where they are located. If you call from your cellphone, we don’t know, and you have to relay that information to us," he said.
加州大学伯克利分校的麦克亚当深以为然。他说，“如果你在手机上拨打911，电话可能会拨到附近的警察局，然后再通到大学警察局，蓝光手机的最大优点在于我们知道他们的位置，如果你从自己手机上拨打电话的话，我们没法知道，你只能将这些信息转播给我们。”
Security escorts
二．安全护送谨记心
The security escort service is another useful campus aid students can rely on. The service is usually provided late at night. Different universities have their own specific operating times and locations.
安全护送服务是学生可依靠的另一个行之有效的校园援助。这项服务通常在深夜提供。不同的大学都有各自的具体运营时间和地点。
The service offered by New York University is called Safe Ride. It is a shared ride service, which is available for transportation to and from NYU facilities, and on three local mass transit stations during the academic term from midnight to 7:30 am.
纽约大学提供的服务叫通行车服务，它是一个共享的通行服务，可用于往返纽约大学各大场所之间，并且在上学期间的午夜至早上7:30，服务于三个当地轨道交通车站。
Northwestern University, in Illinois, also provides a "Safe Ride" service. "If you are out late, you can call a police officer to walk with you, or even request a squad car," said Shi Jiayan, an NU student.
伊利诺伊州西北大学(分数线,专业设置)也提供“通行车”服务。西北大学的学生史家妍说：“如果你在外面呆得很晚的话，你可以叫警察跟你一起走，或者叫一个警察巡逻车。”
Similarly, UC Berkeley has the "Bearwalk" program. It operates from sunset to 3 am. The major difference is that with Bearwalk, a uniformed security officer will walk students safely from point A to point B within the campus boundaries.
同样，加州大学伯克利分校也有“Bearwalk”项目。服务时间从日落至凌晨3点。主要区别在于，Bearwalk项目限于校园范围内，一名穿制服的安全人员会将学生从A点安全护送到B点。
According to MacAdam, many robberies occur when individuals are walking by themselves. "So if someone is walking with someone in uniform, they are unlikely to be a victim of crime," he said.
麦克亚当说，“一个人独自走路时会遇到许多抢劫事件。所以如果和穿制服的人一起走路时，他们就不可能成为犯罪的受害者。”
Avoid becoming isolated
三．单独行动须避免
Even though most of the students interviewed by Xinhua said the general on-campus safety environment is positive, the situation changes when they leave college boundaries, especially at night.
尽管新华社采访的大部分学生都认为校园内的安全环境普遍是可观的，但当他们离开校园后，尤其是晚上，情况就大为不同了。
"When you go off-campus, it becomes a little bit more dangerous, at least at night it does," said Molly Hurley, a sophomore at Rice University in Houston, Texas.
莫莉·赫利是德克萨斯州休斯敦莱斯大学的大二学生，她称：“当你在校外的时候，情况就变得有点危险了，至少在晚上是这样的。”
Qingni Yu, a junior student at UC Berkeley, echoed that view: "I don’t usually stay at school very late. If I have to stay at school, I will ask my roommate if we can go home together, or I will take the bus. My apartment is close to the school, so I can walk. However, I avoid walking alone, especially at night."
宇青妮是加州大学伯克利分校的一名初中学生，她回应说：“我通常不会在学校呆到很晚，如果必须要留在学校，我就会问我的室友是否可以一起回家，不行的话我就会坐公交。我的公寓离学校很近，所以我可以步行，但是，我也避免一个人走路，尤其是晚上。”
Yuan Wang, a student at NYU, said, "Whether it is boys or girls staying outside at night or in places with few people, it is better to team up with friends, both for confidence and power."
袁汪是纽约大学的学生，他说：“无论是男孩还是女孩，当夜间在外或者在人烟稀少的地方时，最好和朋友组队出行，这样人多力量大，又增加了信心。”
Awareness
四．安全意识不可少
Students and security officers said being alert to the surroundings and not wearing headphones are sensible approaches to staying safe.
学生和保安人员表示，警惕周围环境，不戴耳机是保持安全的明智做法。
According to Shi, from Northwestern University, students should always be aware of their surroundings. "If you buy a ticket at the subway station, you should take account of the surroundings before you take out your wallet, or you should make sure you have the right amount (in your hand) before buying your ticket. You should not wear headphones when you are walking. I think these tips are good for all students."
西北大学的学生史家妍认为，学生应该时刻注意周围的环境。“如果你要在地铁站买票，那么在掏钱包之前你应该先注意周围的环境，或者在买票之前，确保手里拿的钱正好够买票。走路时切忌戴耳机，我认为这些提示对所有学生都有益。”
Cheng Li, a student at UC Berkeley, also warned of the dangers of a lack of awareness and the use of headphones.
程利是加州大学伯克利分校的学生，他也提醒了缺乏意识和使用耳机的危险性。
"Don’t plug both your ears while you are walking home in the middle of the night because that will make you very vulnerable and an easy target," he said.
“半夜回家时切忌戴耳机，因为这样容易受到攻击，成为侵犯目标。”他说。
MacAdam made the same point. "They (students) should not be on their cellphones, texting, looking at Facebook and therefore advertising their electronic devices. They need to be aware of their surroundings. Also, they should not wear headphones, because that also advertises their electronic devices, and they cannot hear if someone is sneaking up on them."
麦克亚当也持有同样的观点。“他们（学生）不应该总是专注在手机上，发短信，看脸书，这就像是为他们的电子设备做广告一样。他们需要警惕周围环境，而且要切忌戴耳机，因为那也像是在推销电子设备，如果有人鬼鬼祟祟靠近的话，他们也听不到。”
