写作需注意衔接和过渡 |
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http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/12/16 18:53 恩波教育 |
衔接和过渡 这是一个技术性的问题。有了好的思想,写出了没有语法错误的句子,是否意味着就是一篇好作文呢?恐怕未必。古人做文章讲究“起承转合”,英语作文也同样要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡和粘连,只有那样才能使文章成为一个和谐的有机统一的整体。提高文章的连贯性,常用的方法有使用平行结构、重复单词或词组、用代词代替前文中的句子、保持名词/代词的数的一致和动词的时态的一致等等。注意下面这段文章中作者是如何综合运用这些手段的: Americans are queer people: they can’t play. Americans rush to work as soon as they grow up. They want their work as soon as they wake. It is a stimulant—the only one they are not afraid of. They used to open their offices at ten o’clock; then at nine; then at eight; then at seven. Now they never shut them. Every business in America is turning into an open-all-day-and-night business. They eat all night, dance all night, make noise all night. They can’t play. They try to, but can’t. They turn football into a fight, baseball into a lawsuit, and yachting into machinery. They can’t play. The little children can’t play; they use mechanical toys instead—toy cranes, hoisting toy loads, toy machinery spreading a toy industrial depression of infantile dullness. The grownup people can’t play; they use a mechanical gymnasium and a clockwork horse. They can’t laugh; they hire a comedian and watch him laugh. 另一种做法是使用表示各种关系的承接词,下面列出一些常用的连接词和短语供大家参考,希望大家在平时的练习中有效地运用。 (1)空间段落展开 above before me before on the left across from belowin the distance on the right adjacent to beyondnearby opposite to also further next to on top of up downclose to beneath under around near to over (2)时间段落展开 first, second, etc.sooneventually in the meantimethenuntil at the same time nextthereafter after a whilenow after presentlylaterafterward somewhat laterfinally at last (3)分析段落展开 first, second, etc.nowfor this purpose but as a resultfurthermore finally at last moreover also consequentlylikewise anotherfor examplenext yet for instanceon the contrary once in additionin summary such in this caseon the other hand then otherwisein conclusion thusto sum up therefore (4)比较段落展开 another`furthermoremoreover equally importanttoo, alsoat the same time besidesthenaccordingly in factin addition to like, likewise similarlyjust as…so in much the same way (5)对比段落展开 on the contrary different from / in contrast on the other handin spite of / despite yet, butwhereas unlikenevertheless not only…but alsohere…there years ago…todaythis…that the former…the latterthen…now the first…whereas the secondsome…others on the one hand…on the other once…now 在新浪网,每天有数百位四六级战友的各项疑难问题得到高手的热情帮助,你有问题吗?快来加入互助问答吧!
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