恩波考研英语300句第9课_新浪教育

恩波考研英语300句第9课

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/08/10 14:51 恩波考研

　　2005 Part A Text 3

　　14. A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s,neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neuralrepair work that goes on during sleep.

　　【译文】一个世纪前，弗洛伊德完成了其革命性的理论，认为梦掩饰我们潜意识中的欲望和恐惧；到了20世纪70年代末期，神经病学家们转而认为梦只是“精神噪音”，即梦是睡眠时神经修复工作的一种随机副产品。

　　【析句】本句以分号分为两部分，前一部分的主干是Freud formulated his revolutionary theory，宾语theory后接一个that引导的同位语从句，说明theory的内容；在第二部分中，代词them指代dreams，破折号后面的部分进一步解释什么是mental noise,而定语从句that goes on during sleep修饰work。

　　【讲词】 formulate在这里表示“制定，规划”，同义词有：device,make,frame,invent等。formulate较正式，使用时要注意场合。

　　disguise与hide近义。The child could hardly disguise his interest in the book.(小孩难以掩饰对那本书的兴趣。)但是disguise强调“掩盖，伪装”：a blessing in disguise(假意的祝福)。His repeated references to his dangerous hobbies were only a disguise to cover up his insecurity.(他不时提起他喜欢冒险的嗜好，充其量只是为了掩饰他的不安全感。)

　　random的一个流行的用法是表示“随机”：random selection(随机选择)。

　　15. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat,regulating moods while the brain is “offline”.

　　【译文】目前，研究人员猜测梦是大脑情感自动调节系统的组成部分，当大脑处于“掉线”状态时对情绪进行调整。

　　【析句】 suspect后面是that引导的宾语从句。逗号之后的现在分词短语regulating moods…作定语，解释thermostat 的意思，句末的while引导一个时间状语从句。

　　【讲词】 suspect意为“怀疑，不信任”，也可表示“猜想，认为”。“怀疑某人有……罪”应表达为suspect sb.of…。They suspect him of giving false evidence.(他们怀疑他提供伪证。)

　　regulate表示“调节，管制”：regulate the temperature of the room(调节房间的温度)。When the band came to town,the police had a hard time regulating the traffic.(乐队到了这个城市以后，警察为了管制交通着实忙乎了一阵。)

　　offline是计算机用语，意为“不在线，掉线”，其反义词是online(online)，意为“在线”。

　　16. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control,to help us sleep and feel better.

　　【译文】一名主要的权威人士说，这些异常强烈的精神活动不仅能被控制，而且事实上可以有意识地加以调节，以帮助我们睡得更好，感觉更好。

　　【析句】 say后面是that 引导的一个宾语从句，而从句的主语成分(these intensely powerful mental events)跟了两个并列的谓语成分，一个是can be not only harnessed，一个是but(can be) brought under conscious control，后面的不定式结构to help us sleep and feel better 作目的状语。

　　【讲词】 authority如果是单数，通常表示“权威”。He is a noted authority on urban construction.(他是

城市建设方面的著名权威人士。)如果authority用作复数，通常表示“权力机构”，与government和regime的意思差不多，但是需要注意这三个词的差别。

　　harness有“利用”的意思，在这一方面与make use of，tap和capitalize的意思差不多。harness可以表示“控制”。If you can harness your energy,you will accomplish a great deal.(如果你能控制你的精力，你将获得巨大成功。)

　　17. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night,progressing toward happier ones before awakening,suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.

　　【译文】多数人似乎在入睡初期做更多不好的梦，而在快睡醒前会逐渐做开心一些的梦，这说明人们会在梦里排解白天的负面情绪。

　　【析句】 Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night是句子的主干，后面跟了两个现在分词结构progressing toward…和suggesting that …，都是作伴随状语，但是第一个现在分词结构的逻辑主语是most people，而第二个的逻辑主语是suggesting前面的所有句子成分。另外，在suggesting的宾语从句中，过去分词结构generated during the day 作后置定语，修饰前面的feelings。

　　【讲词】 progress作动词表示“进展”。Our company cannot progress until we employ more people.(我们公司只有雇用更多的人才能发展。)

　　generate的意思是“产生，形成，生成”：computergenerated imagery(计算机生成的图像)。When coal burns,it generates heat.(煤在燃烧时产生热量。)The situation generated widespread dissatisfaction with the peace process.(这种形势导致人们对和平进程普遍感到不满。)

　　18. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we dont always think about the emotional significance of the days events—until,it appears,we begin to dream.

　　【译文】因为我们的意识为日常琐事所占据，所以我们不会总是考虑白天发生的事情对情绪的影响，直到我们开始做梦，这种影响似乎才出现。

　　【析句】本句是一个表示关系的复合句,Because引导原因状语从句，主句是we dont always think about the emotional significance of the days events。破折号后面的until引导一个时间状语从句，其中it appears 是插入语。

　　【讲词】 occupy除了常见的意思“占领”以外，还表示“占用”。As I was full occupied with my own thinking,I did not hear the teacher calling my name.(我一门心思想着事，没有听到老师叫我的名字。)I was occupied with preparing for the postgraduate examinations.(我一门心思准备考研。)

　　significance意为“意义，含义，重要性”。It was not until the early 18th century that the significance of the event was generally realized.(直到18世纪初，人们才普遍认识到这一事件的意义。)Proper methods are needed to determine the significance of these changes.(需要恰当的方式才能确定这些变化的重要性。)

　　19. At the end of the day,theres probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in panic,” Cartwright says.

　　【译文】卡特莱特说，说到底，只要梦不使我们无法睡眠或“从梦中惊醒”，就没有多少理由在意所做的梦。

　　【析句】 At the end of the day在句中作状语。句子的主句theres probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all，后面的unless 引导条件状语从句，其中包含两个以or连接的并列分句。

　　【讲词】 reason是一个常用词，多用作名词，也可用作动词。Theres a great deal of reason in his advice.(他的忠告极有道理。)有或没有理由去做什么事，都可以套用reason来表达。You have no reason to treat him like that.(你没有理由那么对他。)reason作动词表示“与……理论(讲道理)，辩论，说服，推断”。He reasoned out a solution to the problem.(他经过推断，找出了解决问题的办法。)

　　at the end of the day意为“最终；说到底；归根结底”。At the end of the day,a leaders job is to get results.(领导的职责说到底就是要拿出成绩来。)At the end of the day people will learn to be more tolerant of people who dont see the world the same way.(人们最终将学会更加宽容那些世界观与我们不尽相同的人。)