三、短文填空考“语境”

　　短文填空主要考查语言实际综合运用能力，在中考中属于综合题，而语言的应用必须根据短文提供的语境获取大意。例如2006年重庆中考(保持原题号)

　　根据下列短文内容，在短文后的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。

　　Maybe you are more interested in sports than in history. You probably think you will never be a top student. In 77 , anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. If you can use your time well, you may improve your study 78 much work. Here’s how:

　　Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week time, you should make a 79 of things that you have to do. First write down the time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide on a good time for studying. Of course, studying shouldn’t take all of your time. Don’t forget to leave yourself enough 80 for hobbies.

　　Find a good place to study. Look around the house 81 a good study place. Keep this space, which may be a desk 82 just a corner of your room. No games, radio, or television！ When you sit down to work , think only about the subject！

　　Make good use of your time in class. Listen 83 to what the teacher says. Careful listening in class means less work later. You also need to take notes in class, because it can 84 it easier for you to learn well.

　　There are only a few ways mentioned here to 85 you with your studying. I believe you will find 86 other ways besides these.

　　【评析】 短文填空首先必须读通大意。本文的关键句If you can use your time well, you may improve your study without much work. 而78是读懂文章最关键的一词，要准确填写这一关键词，必须根据前后语境，尤其是后面三段的大语境：①Plan your time carefully. ②Find a good place to study. ③Make good use of your time in class. 只要做到这三点，用不着大量的作业和工作，就可以提高学习成绩，但很多考生就没有注意到整个文段的语境，只是孤立看一句话“如果利用好时间，通过努力工作就可以提高学习成绩”，因此考生易填上with或through。实际上80、81、86都属于语境考题，要准确填词，务必弄清前后语境暗示与联系。又如：Of course, studying shouldn’t take all of your time. (当然，学习不应该占用你所有时间。)，自然就会联想到“留时间做……”leave time for…因此80应该填time。look around the house的目的就是为了a good study place，因此填上for表目的，相当于to find，与前面语境find a good place to study吻合。最后一句I believe you’ll find ______ other ways besides these.结合前面语境There are only a few ways mentioned here. 中的only a few，很容易想到some或many。

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