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提炼出“魔板”

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/10/12 15:08  新东方

  由以上5篇文章我们可以提炼出以下“魔板”:

  1. In this argument, the arguer concludes that .To support the conclusion, the arguer points out that .In addition, the arguer reasons that .This argument suffers from several critical fallacies.

  First, the argument is based on a false analogy.

  Second, the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization.

  In conclusion, the arguer fails to establish a causal relationship between and . To strengthen the argument, the arguer would have to provide evidence that . To better evaluate the argument, we would need more information about .

  2. In this argument, the arguer recommends that . To justify this claim, the arguer provides the evidence that .In addition, he cites the result of recent study that . A careful examination of this argument would reveal how groundless the conclusion is.

  In the first place, the arguer fails to take into account the geographical factors in the analysis.

  In the second place, the comparison in this argument is incomplete and selective.

  To sum up, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support what the arguer maintains. To strengthen the argument, the arguer have to provide more evidence concerning . To better evaluate the argument, we would need more information regarding .

  3. In this analysis, the arguer claims that . To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer cites . In addition the arguer assumes that . This argument is unconvincing for several critical flaws.

  First of all, the argument is base on a hasty generalization.

  In addition, the arguer fails to consider several other relevant factors that may influence .

  Finally, the arguer hints that , but he fails to analyze the causes.

  As it stands, the argument is not well reasoned. To make it logically acceptable, the arguer would have to demonstrate that . Additionally, the arguer must provide evidence .

  4. In this argument, the arguer advocates that . This recommendation is based on the observation that . Meanwhile, the arguer assumes . This argument is problematic for two reasons.

  The major problem with this argument is that the arguer fails to convince us that .

  Another point worth considering is the arguer’s hasty generalization.

  To conclude, this argument is not persuasive as it stands. Before we accept the conclusion, the arguer must present more facts that . To solidify the argument, the arguer would have to produce more evidence concerning .

  5. The conclusion in this argument is that . In support of this prediction, the arguer claims that . Moreover, the arguer assumes that . This argument is fraught with vague, oversimplified and unwarranted assumptions.

  One major assumption in short of legitimacy is the causal relationship claimed between and .

  In addition, the conclusion is based on a gratuitous assumption that .

  In summary, the conclusion reached in this argument is invalid and misleading. To make the argument more convincing, the arguer would have to prove that . Moreover, I would suspend my judgment about the credibility of the recommendation until the arguer can provide concrete evidence that .

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