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2006年版自学考试公共课英语(一)串讲笔记

http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/12/06 17:24  自考365.COM

  题型分析

  考试共有七个部分,如下:

  客观题部分(50分)

  I. Vocabulary and Structure(词汇和结构)

  II. Cloze Test(完形填空)

  III. Reading Comprehension(阅读理解)

  主观题部分(50分)

  IV. Word Spelling (词汇拼写)

  V. Word Form(词形填空)

  VI. C-E Translation(句子汉译英)

  VII. E-C Translation(文章英译汉)

  客观题型的考查方式和答题策略

  I.Vocabulary and Structure (词汇和结构)

  顾名思义,该题主要考查词汇(包括短语)和语法结构方面的知识。词汇知识包括词汇或短语的意思;词形或词义相近词或短语的辨异;词语固定搭配等。语法结构知识主要包括一些句法方面的知识,如时态、语态、虚拟语气、句型以及从句的构成等。现以近年来英语(一)真题为例加以说明。

  1. 考查词汇(或短语)的意思

  例一

  Garage-sale items are usually priced at a very small part of their _____ cost.

  reluctant

  original

  advanced

  recent

  答案为B.本题考查考生是否清楚四个选项中各个单词的含义。A——勉强的;B——最初的;C——高级的;D——最近的。题中要表达“原来的价格”,就只能用original与cost搭配。

  例二

  Some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to ______ in other fields.

  A. succeed

  B. result

  C. achieve

  D. score

  答案为A.该题也是需要清楚四个单词的含义。另外,还可以抓住题干中的提示词“successful”来选择。

  例三

  Up to now there have been many explanations _____ the cause of sleepwalking.

  in view of

  in line with

  apart from

  as to

  答案为D.本题考查短语的意思。A——考虑到,由于;B——符合;C——除……之外:D——关于,就。只要知道四个短语的意思,不难选出答案为D.

  2. 考查词形相近词或短语的辨析

  例一

  To our delight, she quickly ____ herself to the situation.

  adopted

  adapted

  attached

  appealed

  答案为B.四个选项中的词词形相近,但意思相去甚远。A——采用,收养;B——适应,用法是adapt oneself to sth.;C——系上, 贴上;D——求助,吸引。解此类题时,首先要注意题干中暗示的搭配结构,再看选项中有哪个词有这个搭配,然后将其代入句子,看意思是否合理通顺。

  例二

  Scientists could see many things that most people would ____ to see.

  A. feel

  B. fail

  C. fall

  D. fill

  答案为B.四个词词形相近,但用法不同,四个词中只有fail后能加不定式。fail to do的意思是“未能……”。

  3. 考查词义相近词或短语的辨析

  例一

  Heart surgery causes the costs of general hospital care to ____.

  A. raise

  B. arise

  C. rise

  D. arouse

  答案为C.四个选项不仅词形相似,词义也相近,这类题对考生有一定的难度。解题的关键是要注意词性和确切的词义。该题要求填入的词的意思是“上升”,据此将B(出现,起因于)和D(睡醒,唤起)排除。然后再看词性,题目要求填入不及物动词(vi.),而raise是及物动词(vt.),所以答案就是C了。

  例二

  Large and powerful, the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles _____.

  high

  higher

  highly

  height

  答案为A.四个选项的四个词都和“高”这个含义相关。但本题考查的结构是数词+量词+high (wide/long/deep),表示“多高、多宽、多长、多深”的含义。

  4. 考查词语固定搭配

  例一

  The old movie reminded them ____ the wonderful time they had spent together.

  A. to

  B. for

  C. in

  D. of

  答案为D.本题考查remind一词的固定搭配,它有两个用法:remind ******************. of sth. (使……想起),remind ******************. to do sth. (提醒某人去做某事)。本题考查的是第一个搭配结构。

  例二

  The traditional view that men are superior _____ women still exists in some remote areas.

  over

  to

  for

  than

  答案为B.superior (较高的)有比较的含义,但它的固定搭配是be superior to ******************. /sth.。它的反义词inferior也是相同的用法:be inferior to ******************. /sth.。

  例三

  Since time is limited, we''d better ____ our task.

  get on

  get over

  get across

  get into

  答案为D.本题考查与get有关的短语。四个短语的意思分别为“获得进展”、“克服困难”、“渡过”、“进入……状态”,根据句义选择D,表示“我们最好进入到任务中去”,即“着手进行这项任务”。考生需要注意一些常见动词的固定搭配:break, bring, come, get, give, go, hold, keep, leave, look, make, put, run, set, take, turn, work,请考生根据考纲复习相关短语。

  5. 考查语法结构知识:时态、语态、虚拟语气、句型、从句等

  例一

  We often hear old people wishing they ____young again.

  A. are

  B. were

  C. had been

  D. will be

  答案为B.本题考查的是wish虚拟语气的用法。

  例二

  Only after class ____ to raise the question.

  did he allowed

  was he allowed

  he was allowed

  did he allow

  答案为B.本题考查的是倒装句和被动语态。

  例三

  ______ or not you''re conscious of it, you’re constantly valuing items in dollars.

  As

  Whether

  However

  If

  答案为B.本题考查的是让步状语从句中从属连词的选择。

  II.Close Test (完形填空)

  本大题考查的重点为语法,如一致关系、动词时态、语态、名词的数、代词、形容词和副词的级、连词、介词等。其次还涉及词汇知识,常考常用词和惯用语用法。也考查对文章大意和上下文的衔接的理解和把握。

  完形填空题的解答步骤有三:第一步,先通读全文,了解文章内容梗概,从整体上把握文章,把自己确信的空填上;第二步精读文章,解答各空,解答时要“瞻前顾后”,要注意上下文的衔接的理解和把握;第三步将选择的答案代入文章,通读全文,看选择的答案是否符合语法和全文意思。

  下面以2005年上半年试题中的完形填空为例加以说明:

  What happens when you get into an argument? Do you 11 your tempter and storm out of the room, or do you give 12 ? If you have been on your feet all day cleaning the house 13 your hu******************and gets home from work and immediately 14 his dinner, do you scream 15 him, or do you go off and cry in the kitchen?

  If you believe in the art of compromise (妥协), you''ll find a solution that 16 everybody. In this way, no one loses 17 and everyone keeps his high opinion 18 everyone else. So, if you

  …………

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