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寒假英语总动员知新篇--状语从句大partyhttp://www.sina.com.cn
2007/01/25 16:24 现代教育报·中考导刊
状语从句大party 北京市海淀实验学校 马琳 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句 要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导: when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。 1.when当。。。的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. (当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。 2.while当。。。时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3.as在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。 He smiled as he stood up. 他一边站起来一边笑着。 4.after在。。。之后 He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 前几天做完作业之后回的家。 5.before 在。。。之前 Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。 6.as soon as 一。。。就。。。 We began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。 I will write to you as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你写信。 7.since 自。。。以来 到现在 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。 (还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示。) 8 till /until 都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。 They walked till /until it was dark. 他们一直走到天黑。 Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back. 小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。 9. by the time 到。。。为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时) By the time he gets there , his father has already gone. 他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了。 By the time I got to school, the class had already began. 我到校时,已经开始上课了。 难点——as when while的辨析 as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生,三者差异如下: 表示“一边。。。一边"的意思 as 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时 用于发生时间较段时 when 1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前 "或"之后"发生。 2、when=and then; at that moment (正在那个时候) while 1、用于时间较长时 2、 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时 有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。 lIt was raining hard when (as) I got there. 我到那里时,正在下大雨。 ( 动作同时发生,when可换为as, 但不能换为while,因为get是点动词.) lWhen I had read the article, he called me. 我看完这篇文章之后,她给我打了电话。( 从句动作发生在主句之前,注意时态表达,只能用when ) lWhen I got to the cinema, the film had begun. (当)我到了电影院时,电影已经开演了。(从句的动作发生在主句之后,只能用when,并要注意时态) lHe was about to leave, when the telephone rang. 他正要离开,忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”. while, as不能代替 ) 考点 lShe thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. 他以为我在谈她女儿,然而,实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折,对比,when, as都不能代替它) 考点 lWhile the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police. 外星人买纪念品时,那女孩给警察打了电话。(表示主句,从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词,因为它表示较长时间)考点 lMother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away. 妈妈担心,因为小爱丽丝病了,特别是他父亲不在家的时候。(此时as ,when, while可通用) 知识扩展 1. It is since从。。。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词,表示一段时间) It is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。 2. It is +before…(。。。才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again. 过了很长时间我才睡着。 It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived. 过了一个小时,警察才来。 更多信息请访问:新浪中考频道
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