7选7解题技巧之用好结构衔接及06年真题解析

　　总-分结构关系

　　英语文章绝大多数都是总分结构，无论是全篇的逻辑，还是每一个独立的意群(一般以自然段的形式出现)的逻辑都是总分结构。 利用总句和分句中可能存在的上述各种衔接关系可以迅速地解题。由于篇幅有限，这里就不举例说明了。

　　下面让我们来用上述总结的方法巧解2006年真题。

　　On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind, home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino, a place where gambling games are played. During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.

　　He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a “Fun Card”, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls “electronic heroin”.

　　(41) __________________________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.

　　In March 1998, a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gamblers. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter. Noting the “medical/psychological” nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.

　　(42) ________________________________________.

　　The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning, “enjoy the fun and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless Williams’s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling”, intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.

　　(43) _________________________________________.

　　The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling ” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit loss of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.

　　44._____________________________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.

　　(45) ____________________________.

　　Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted to—revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gambler’s dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week, with $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the web’s most profitable business.

　　(A) Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.

　　(B) It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?

　　(C) By the time he had lost $5,000, he said to himself that if he could get back to even , he would quit , one night he won $5,500 ,but he did not quit.

　　(D) Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government

　　(E) David Williams’ suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.

　　(F) It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier ,sterner generations explained as weakness of will.

　　(G) The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?

　　41题解析

　　原题空格前后两句：For Williams, these activities become what he calls “electronic heroin”.

　　(41) _____________________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186.

　　正确选项： (C) By the time he had lost $5,000, he said to himself that if he could get back to even , he would quit , one night he won $5,500 ,but he did not quit.

　　分析：这是五题中最简单的一道。选项中的$5,000和$5，500与空格中的$21,000和$72,186都是金钱数字，属于同一范畴概念，由于其他选项中没有任何数字，考生应该很快能看出这个答案。另一层对应是在逻辑上的，空格所在的选项句和空格后面的一句其实是用具体的事实数据在描述David Williams的赌瘾越来越大，这正是空格前句中“electronic heroin”(电子海洛因)的解释，属于我们前面总结的解释型逻辑关系。

　　42题解析

　　原题空格前后两句：Noting the “medical/psychological” nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being. (42) _________________________________________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning,“enjoy the fun and always bet with your head, not over it .”

　　正确选项：(A) Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.

　　分析：空格前面一句中的letter一词和选项中的mailings是同义词对应。第二层对应也是同义词的对应：空格前句中的patronizing the casino(光顾赌场)和选项中entered the casino(进入赌场)其实是相同的意思。

　　43题解析

　　原题空格前后两句：Nevertheless Williams’s suit charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling”, intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well. (43) _____________________________________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit loss of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.

　　正确选项：(B) It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?

　　分析：这道题是很明显的同词重复现象：lure和will重复出现。

　　44题解析

　　原题空格前后两句：The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit loss of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall. (44)_____________________________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.

　　正确选项：(F) It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier ,sterner generations explained as weakness of will.

　　分析：此题有多层的对应关系。第一层对应为：空格前句的diagnostic(诊断上的),选项中的medicalize(医学化)以及空格后面的physical(身体上的)虽然不是近义词或同义词，但很明显它们属于同一医学范畴，因此属于同一范畴词汇对应；第二层对应为：选项中的defining as(注意选项中有倒装结构，原结构应该是define ……as……)与空格后的reclassifying……as……是近义词表达法，都是表示“归类为，定义为”；第三层对应为：选项中的weakness of will ( 意志上的弱点)和空格后句中的character flaws(性格的缺陷)是上下义词的关系，前者属于后者。

　　45题解析

　　原题空格前后两句：Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. (45)_____________________________. Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted to—revenues from wagering.

　　正确选项：(D) Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.

　　分析：此题有两层对应。第一层对应是：空格后面的“Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on—you might say addicted to—revenues from wagering.”(44个州发行各种彩票，29个州开设赌场，大多数州在不同程度上依赖于赌场收入)是以具体的例子来说明选项中的“Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever”(赌博已经成为美国生活中一个司空见惯的现象)，是上文总结的例证逻辑关系。第二层对应是：空格后句中的revenues(收入)一词是个专业术语，特指国家政府的财政收入。它与空格后的government属于同一范畴词汇对应关系。

　　从以上分析我们不难看出，2006年的考研7选5题型真题的解题要点基本上都是词汇上的对应关系，其难度远不如BEC的真题，考生只要能熟练掌握上文总结的方法，多做习题，一定能在考试中从容对应，考出理想的成绩。假如2008年真题出现的是其他两种备选题型，考生也可以灵活运用这些方法去巧解，因为这些题型从测试学的角度讲本质是相似的。最后祝广大考研学子2008年考研一路顺风！

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