2014考研英语翻译技巧:被动语态分析解读

2013年08月16日17:48  新浪教育 微博   

  太奇考研[微博]英语辅导老师整理了考研英语翻译部分被动语态的解题思路例文分析:

  一、用句子的另一部分作主语:

  A new kind of substance has been found by the scientific workers。

  分析:该句把原文by短语译成主语。

  科学工作者已经发现了一种新物质。

  The numerical data concerned are provided in the last part of the paper。

  分析:该句把原文的状语in the last part of the paper译成主语。

  论文的最后一部分提供了有关的数据资料。

  They were seen repairing the machine。

  分析:该句用补充行为者作主语。

  参考译文有人看见他们在修理机器。

  二、译成汉语主动句

  保存原文主语

  The meeting is scheduled for April 6th。

  会议定于四月六日举行。

  Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid。

  水能从液体变成固体。

  When rust is formed , a chemical change has taken place。

  当锈形成的时候,就发生了化学变化。

  增加主语

  The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored。

  人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。

  She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed。

  有人看见她大致在案发时进入了那座建筑物。

  What we say here will not be long remembered, but what we do here can change the world。

  我们在这里所讲的话,人们不会长久记住。然而我们在这儿所做的事,却能改变世界。

  三、译成汉语无主句

  Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly。

  已经采取了措施来防止这种流行病迅速蔓延。

  Water can be shown as containing impurities。

  可以证明,水含有杂质。

  The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end。

  必须全部停止这种讨厌的噪声。

  The decision to attack was not taken lightly。

  进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。

  Printing was introduced into Europe from China。

  印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。

  The manuscript was sent to the printer in London a few weeks before the French revolution。

  手稿是在法国革命前几周寄往伦敦付印的。

  The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 1872.

  美国的学分制是1872年在哈佛大学首先实施的。

  四、把谓语部分译成是…结构的汉语判断句。

  Insectivorous plants and some touch_sensitive plants are the examples found earlier。

  食虫植物和某些触敏植物是较早发现的例子。

  Because the air and water in Biosphere_II are recycled,the residents have to take special pains to keep everything pure。

  由于生物圈2号中的空气和水是循环的,因此,居民们必须特别小心,使一切东西都保持纯洁。

  The element of helium was first found in the sun。

  氦元素最初是在太阳里发现的。

  五、常用被动句型“It+被动语态+that”的翻译

  It is considered that bioclimatology is an involved subject。

  有人认为,生物气候学是一门复杂的学科。

  It is stressed that the field of science may be divided into two major areas: natural science and social science。

  有人强调说,科学的范畴可以分成两个主要领域:自然科学和社会科学。

  It should be pointed out that this process is oxidation。

  应该指出,这一过程就是氧化。

  下面是一些常用被动句型的习惯译法:

  It is hoped that……希望,有人希望

  It is assumed that……假设,假定

  It is claimed that……据说,有人主张

  It is believed that……有人想信,大家相信

  It is reported that……据报道,据通报

  It is considered that……人们认为,据估计

  It is said that……据说,有人说

  It is supposed that……据推测,人们猜测

  It has been announced that……已经宣布

  It is asserted that……有人主张

  It is rumored that……有人主张

  It is rumored that……听说,谣传

  It is noticed that……有人指出,人们注意到

  It is suggested that……有人建议,建议

  It is reputed that……人们认为,可以认为

  It is learned that……据说,据闻,已经查明

  It is demonstrated that……据证实,已经证明

  It is estimated that……据估计,有人估计

  It is estimated that……有人指出,人们指出

  It is pointed out that……有人推荐,有人建议

  It is proposed that……有人提出

  It was told that……有人曾经说

  It was first intended that……最初就有这样的想法

  It will be said that……有人会说

  It will be seen from this that……由此可见,因此可知

  It was noted above that……前面已经指出

  It must be admitted that……必须承认,老实说

  It has been illustrated that……据图示,据说明

  It is stressed that……有人强调说

  It is stressed that……有人列举出了

  It can not be denied that……无可否认

  It can be said without exaggeration that……可以毫不夸张的说

  It is sometimes asked that……人们有时会问

  It was felt that……有人认识到了

  It is universally accepted that……人们普遍认为

  It is unanimously agreed that……大家一致同意

  It is alleged that……据说

  It is calculated that……据计算

  It has been proved that……已经证明

  It has been found that……人们已经发现

  It is still to be hoped that……我们仍然希望

  It is well-known that……众所周知,大家都知道

  It should be realized that……我们应该认识到……

  (文章来源:太奇考研)

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