1996年英译汉真题详析(五) | ||
---|---|---|
http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/05/21 12:17 新东方教育在线 | ||
75-New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance. 结构分析: 这是一个复合句。New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought m 句子切分: New forms of thought / as well as new subjects for thought / must arise in the future / as they have in the past,/ giving rise to new standards of elegance. 词义推敲: ①new forms of thought新的思维方式 ②as well as=and例如: Hiking is good exercise as well as fun. 徒步旅行很有趣味,也是很好的锻炼。 In theory as well as in practice, the idea is unsound. 这个主意在理论上和实践中都站不住脚。 ③new subjects for thought新的思维对象(或内容) 注意: subject在此不能理解成“学科”或“题目”,因为它与前面的form构成一对概念,所以应该翻译成“对象”或“内容”。(参见1999年第74题关于technique的解释) ④must此处不能理解成“必须”,而应该理解成“必然要,必定会,一定会”。其他例子如: What must be will be. 注定要发生的事总要发生。 All men must die. 人都有一死。 If he had really been there, I must have seen him. 如果当时他真的在那里的话,我必定会看到他。 ⑤arise产生,出现(参见1999年第72题、2000年第75题) 注意: arise和rise很容易混淆,因为它们在词义上都是指“由低处向高处移动”,而且都是不及物动词,但rise是个普通词,用得更为广泛,而arise一般用作比喻意义,其主语常常是an argument, a problem, a quarrel, a doubt, a question, a storm, a difficulty, a disagreement之类的抽象名词。试比较: The wounded man fell and was too weak to rise. 这个受伤的人倒下了,虚弱得站不起来。 A democratic movement has arisen. 掀起了一场民主运动。 New problems seem to arise every day. 似乎每天都出现新问题。 ⑥as they have in the past这个从句省略了动词arisen, as在此是连词,意为“正如”。代词they指划线句子中的news forms of thought和new subjects for thought,由于指代对象有明确的翻译,而且所指也比较明确,这时的代词可以译成代词。(参见1997年第71题、75题和1998年第71题) ⑦give rise to是个习惯表达法,意为“引起、导致”。例如: These bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crime. 这些恶劣的环境导致了许多犯罪。 It would give rise to a great deal of conflict. 这将引起频繁的冲突。 注意giving rise to在英语里表伴随动作,在译文里却表结果。 ⑧elegance elegant的名词,在此译为“完美”。 整句试译: 新的思维方式和新的思维内容将来一定会出现,正如它们过去已经出现过一样,从而给完美以新的标准。(或:像过去一样,将来一定会出现新的思维方式和新的思维内容,从而给完美以新的标准。) 检查核对: 代词 名词 动词 修饰语 从句 惯用法 逻辑性 完整性 通顺
订两性学堂,打开性爱心门,赢取彩信手机! |