《英语文摘》第1期封面文章：中美两国和则两利_新浪教育

《英语文摘》第1期封面文章：中美两国和则两利

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/01/16 19:18 英语文摘

　　译者点评：2003年12月7日到10日，中国总理温家宝对美国进行首次正式访问，所到之处受到热烈欢迎。无论是在纽约证券交易所，还是在美国通用电气公司；无论是在白宫椭圆形办公室，还是在波士顿理查森农场，他都表现出大国领导人的风范，给美国人民留下了深刻的印象。温家宝同布什的会谈有三大要点：台湾问题、中美贸易和朝核问题。对此，双方达成了广泛的共识，尤其是在台湾问题上。温家宝告诉美国朋友，台湾是中国的"国之大殇，乡之深愁"，而布什则回应道，反对台湾领导人任何有意单方面改变台海现状的言行。世界舆

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论对温家宝的访问给予积极的评价。法新社说，中国总理展现了个人魅力，表现出动情而自然的领导人的特点。路透社则指出，温家宝展现了他独有的平民总理的形象，他使人们对以国家主席、共产党总书记胡锦涛为首的中国第四代领导人留下了良好的印象。我们将温总理访美的成果以及各方的评价综述于下文中。

　　U.S. President George W. Bush welcomed Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao to the White House on December 9, 2003, declaring that Washington and Beijing now "partners in diplomacy" and bluntly warning Taiwan that he opposed any attempt to change its relationship with the mainland, even through a referendum1.

　　After a meeting in the White House with the visiting Chinese prime minister, Bush said in response to a question about the planned referendum, "We oppose any unilateral decision by either China or Taiwan to change the status quo. And the comments and actions made by the leader of Taiwan indicate that he may be willing to make decisions unilaterally, to change the status quo, which we oppose."

　　It was the clearest ontherecord statement to date on the issue from the Bush administration, which has stepped up warnings to Taiwan in recent days against holding the referendum, planned for March to coincide with presidential elections there.

　　Wen, meeting Bush at the White House for the first time, said, "We reached consensus on many issues." Speaking to reporters after a 40minute meeting with Bush in the Oval Office, Wen said China "respects the desire of the people in Taiwan for democracy," but that some Taiwanese leaders were "only using democracy as an excuse" to move toward splitting Taiwan away from China, which the Beijing government "cannot tolerate." He said China is determined to uphold its "oneChina policy" and maintain "national unity", but also would not give up "our aspiration for peaceful reunification." During his visit in New York Monday, Wen recited a line of poetry to describe his feeling about the split between mainland China and Taiwan devided by the 160kilometerwide Taiwan Strait. "The curving, shallow strait is our biggest national grief, our biggest nostalgia," he said.

　　Mr. Wen's welcome underscored how much China's standing in Washington has changed. Mr. Bush came to office dismissing the Clinton administration's talk of China as a "strategic partner," and characterized China instead as a "strategic competitor."

　　In a speech before beginning talks with Wen, Bush hailed Chinese cooperation in meeting global threats, saying the two nations are "working together in the war on terror" and "fighting to defeat a ruthless enemy." He called the United States and China "partners in diplomacy working to meet the dangers of the 21st century." Wen also cited Chinese cooperation in "counterterrorism," among other issues, and said relations with the United States have stood the test of time. But he added that the two countries now stand "at a crucial juncture" and said improvement in the relationship depends on continued U.S. adherence to the oneChina policy.

　　In their meeting, Bush told Wen he favors "marketdetermined exchange rates," White House spokesman Scott McClellan said. He called the transition to such rates "a complex process" and said U.S. and Chinese officials have agreed to discuss the issue next month in Beijing. On the most politically potent issue of the visit, China's surging $120 billion trade surplus with the United States, Mr. Wen offered conciliatory words and few concrete plans. He celebrated the huge expansion in trade. In a meeting with Mr. Bush's economic team, he suggested that the solution was more American exports to China rather than any restriction on Chinese exports to America.

　　Bush also was seeking more help from China in resolving a nuclear crisis in North Korea, a Chinese ally that has been making threatening moves toward becoming a nuclear power. After the meeting with Wen, Bush said the United States appreciates China's role in promoting negotiations to resolve the crisis. He said the two countries "share a mutual goal... for the Korean peninsula to be nuclear weaponsfree." He stressed that the U.S. goal "is not a freeze of the nuclear program," but to "dismantle a nuclear weapons program in a verifiable and irreversible way."

　　On Tuesday night, Mr. Wen addressed several hundred business executives and China experts and he described watching his family's house burn during the Japanese occupation of China. He told his audience how Mr. Bush, knowing Mr. Wen's interest in Lincoln, took him Tuesday morning to the Lincoln office in the White House to examine a handwritten copy of the *Gettysburg Address2.

　　Mr. Wen was given treatment that the Bush administration has so far accorded to no other No. 2 official from abroad. On the South Lawn on Tuesday morning, he reviewed the troops, observed a Colonial fifeanddrum performance, and received a 19gun salute, two shots *shy of 3 those given a head of state.

　　In a dispatch from Washington, AFP said that China's Premier Wen Jiabao *turned on4 the charm, portraying himself as an emotional and spontaneous brand of leader. He said that during his visit to Ground Zero in New York on Monday he felt a lot of emotions, he said to his friends that he was very moved by the strength, calmness and mutual help demonstrated by the American people following the September 11 incident. Wen admitted he felt nervous on Monday before ringing the opening bell on the New York Stock Exchange. He said he was very fortunate yesterday because the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose and today it fell, so it had nothing to do with him.

　　Reuters said in a news dispatch from Washington that China's Premier Wen Jiabao quoted from the Gettsburg Address, told touching tales of growing up in warravaged China, and joked about his influence-or lack of it-on the U.S. stock markets. In more than dozens appearances from Wall Street to the White House, Wen displayed his selfmade Man of the People image. Overall, Wen left a favorable impression of China's fourth generation of leaders headed by president and Communist party chief Hu Jintao. During his visit to the United States, part of a fournation tour which also took him to Canada, Mexico and Ethiopia, Wen sprinkled humor into his remarks.

　　2003年12月9日，美国总统乔治·布什在白宫欢迎中国总理温家宝到访，他宣布，华盛顿和北京现在是"外交伙伴"，并直言不讳地警告台湾说，他反对即便是通过公民投票的方式改变台湾和大陆关系的任何企图。

　　在白宫同来访的中国总理会晤后，布什在回答有关拟议中的公投问题时说："我们反对中国或台湾单方面做出改变现状的任何决定。台湾领导人的言行表明，他可能想单方面做出改变现状的决定，这是我们所反对的。"

　　这是布什政府迄今为止在这个问题上最明白无误的公开声明。这比近日来布什政府警告台湾不要举行计划于3月同总统选举同时进行的公投又进了一步。

　　首次在白宫同布什会晤的温家宝说："我们在许多问题上达成了共识。"在椭圆形办公室同布什举行的40分钟的会谈结束后，温家宝对记者说，中国"尊重台湾人民的民主诉求"，但是，台湾一些领导人"假借民主"，企图把台湾从中国分割出去，这是北京政府"绝不能容忍"的。他说，中国决心坚持"一个中国的政策"，维护"国家统一"，但也不放弃"我们和平统一的愿望"。温家宝星期一访问纽约时，朗诵了一首诗，描述他对中国大陆和台湾被160公里宽的台湾海峡分割的乡愁。他说："浅浅的海峡，是最大的国殇，最深的乡愁！"

　　对温家宝的欢迎突出表明中国在华盛顿心目中的地位发生了多么大的变化。布什刚上台时对克林顿政府称中国为"战略伙伴"的说法表示不屑，而把中国称为"战略竞争对手"。

　　在同温家宝举行会谈之前发表的讲话中，布什赞扬中国在对付全球的威胁方面所给予的合作，指出，两国正在"反恐战争中并肩合作，"并且"为打败残忍的敌人而战"。他称美中两国是"致力于对付21世纪危险的外交伙伴"。温家宝也提到中国在"反恐"中的合作，并谈到其他问题。他说，中美关系经历了时间的考验。不过，他接着说，中美关系正处在"重要时刻"，改善两国关系取决于美国继续坚持一个中国的政策。

　　白宫发言人斯科特·麦克莱伦说，在会谈中，布什对温家宝说，他赞成"由市场决定汇率"。麦克莱伦说，向由市场决定汇率的过渡是"一个复杂的过程"，他说，美中两国官员同意下月在北京讨论这个问题。关于这次访问中最具政治影响的问题，即中国对美贸易中不断增加的1200亿美元的顺差，温家宝言语和解，几乎没有提出什么具体计划。他赞扬两国贸易关系扩大。在会见布什的经济班子时，他建议，解决的办法是，美国增加向中国的出口而不是限制中国对美国的出口。

　　布什还寻求中国在解决朝鲜核危机方面给予更多的帮助。朝鲜是中国的盟国，一直威胁着要朝着成为核国家采取行动。在同温家宝举行会谈之后，布什说，美国赞赏中国在促成旨在解决这场危机的谈判方面所起的作用。他说，两国"有实现朝鲜半岛无核化……的共同目标"。他强调，美国的目标"不是冻结核计划，而是以可核实的和不可逆转的方式废除核武器计划"。

　　星期二晚上，温家宝向几百名企业家和中国专家发表讲话，他讲述了在日本占领中国期间眼见他家的房屋被烧毁的情形。他对听众说，布什知道他对林肯有兴趣，星期二上午带他去林肯在白宫的办公室，看看葛底斯堡演说的手稿。

　　温家宝受到的礼遇是布什政府迄今为止没有给予任何外国第二号官员的。星期二上午，在白宫南草坪，他检阅仪仗队，观看军乐队演奏，接受19响礼炮的礼遇，只比国家元首少了两响。

　　法新社发自华盛顿的一则电讯说，中国总理温家宝展现了个人魅力，表现出动情而自然的领导人的特点。他说，星期一他参观世贸中心遗址时，格外地触景生情，他对美国朋友说，美国人民在"9·１1"事件后表现出的坚强、镇定和互助精神让他深受感动。温家宝承认，星期一在纽约证券交易所按下开盘钟的电钮时，他感到紧张。他说，昨天他很幸运，因为道琼斯工业平均指数上涨了，而今天该指数下跌了，所以这与他无关。

　　路透社在发自华盛顿的一则电讯中说，中国总理温家宝引用了葛底斯堡演说，讲述了他在饱受战争蹂躏的中国成长的感人故事，还拿他对美国股市的影响力或缺乏影响力开玩笑。在从华尔街到白宫的近30场活动中，温家宝展现了他独有的平民总理的形象。总的来说，温家宝使人们对以国家主席、共产党总书记胡锦涛为首的中国第四代领导人留下了良好的印象。在访美期间，温家宝在演讲中用幽默进行点缀。对美国的访问是他四国之行的一部分，他还访问了加拿大、墨西哥和埃塞俄比亚。

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