IV. 49. A. In setting. He uses a mixture of the contemporary and recollected past as his fictional settings.

　　B. In language . With his first sentence , he engages the reader’s attention and holds it to the end. He is often compared with Shakespeare for his adeptness with the vernacular and large vocabulary.

　　C. In character-portrayal. His best-depicted characters are those innocent, virtuous, persecuted, helpless child characters such as Oliver Twist.

　　And he is also famous for the depiction of those horrible and grotesque characters Fagin and those broadly humorous or comical ones like Mr. Micawber. In conclusion . The figures that he depicted, marked out by some peculiarity in physical , speech or manner, are both types and individuals.

　　D. Dickens’ work are also characterized by a mingling of humor and pathos.

　　50. A. Social background : The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the 19th century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American naturalism.

　　B. Sister Carrie best embodies Dreiser’s naturalistic belief that while men are controlled and conditioned by heredity, instinct and chance, a few unsophisticated human beings refuse to accept their fate and try to find meaning and purpose for their existence . Carrie, as one of such, senses that she is merely a cipher in an nearing world yet seeks to grasp the mysteries of life and there-by satisfies her desire for social status and material comfort.