Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center。

　　Passage One

　　The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861 in South Carolina. The war took more than 600,000 lives, destroyed property valued at $5 billion and brought freedom to 4 million black slaves。

　　In November, 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected the 16th President of the United States. Since Lincoln had become well known throughout the country for his anti-slavery views, his election caused a panic among the slave owners in the South. Early in February, 1861, seven states that seceded from the Union formed the Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as President. So shortly after Lincoln had taken office, it was decided by his Cabinet that the Union was to be kept by force。

　　The war went on for 4 bitter years, with ups and downs on both sides. In manpower, wealth, and resources, the North was much stronger. The south, however, had better generals and a better military position. So, the first two years of the Civil war went badly for the North. It was not until the summer of 1863 that the Union troops began to win decisive victories on the battlefields. On July 1, 1863, the Confederates met the Union army at the little town of Gettysburg in southern Pennsylvania. After three days of fighting, the southern forces weakened and were forced to retreat. The Battle of Gettysburg has been called the turning point of the war. Finally the Confederate army had to surrender, ending the war in May, 1865. As a result of the war, slavery was abolished and the Union was kept。

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　26. How much property was destroyed in the war?

　　27. Why did the election of Lincoln cause a panic among the slave owners?

　　28. What is regarded as the turning point of the war?

　　Passage Two

　　During World War II, Great Britain and the United States tried to deal with the problem of an international agreement on money. The two countries tried to set up a formal system that everyone would use to exchange money between countries. The system they set up is usually called the Bretton Woods System. The system got this name from the town in New Hampshire in the United States where the international agreement was signed. The Bretton Woods Agreement was signed in 1944. When it was signed, it seemed to be a good system。

　　The Bretton Woods Agreement had two main parts. The first part concerned exchange rates. All of the countries that signed the agreement promised to regulate their exchange rates. The countries promised not to change their exchange rates too often. This was a very important part of the agreement. It helped to stabilize the international finance system. The second part of the Bretton Woods Agreement concerned a currency fund. The fund was supposed to help countries that needed currency. All the countries contributed some of their currency to the fund. They could borrow the necessary currency from the fund. This helped all of the member countries to do business with each other. This second part of the agreement was called the International Monetary Fund。

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　29. How did the Bretton Woods System get its name?

　　30. What did countries that signed the agreement promise to do?

　　31. Who contributed money to the International Monetary Fund?

　　Passage Three

　　A good way to see the USA is by car. Americans love their automobiles and in the past fifty years they have developed a vast network of roads and freeways to help them reach their destinations。

　　As few visitors have their own cars, renting one is the next best thing. You will need a valid driver's license and either international credit cards, or a deposit。

　　You should start out with a working knowledge of the road. Regulations vary from state to state and this can be very confusing to a newcomer. For example, in some states it is legal to turn right at a red light if there is no approaching traffic, while in other states you will be fined for this action. Throughout the country it is forbidden to pass a school bus when it has stopped to let off children。

　　The size of the country may startle you at first and you may be surprised at the spectacular physical beauty. When the first pioneers began to expand west into the wildness, the natural resources of the land seemed inexhaustible. Nearly 1,000 million acres of land was covered by virgin forest. Much of this was burnt off for farmland and it soon became apparent that the government would have to take action or the natural beauty of the land would be lost forever。

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　32. What is not needed for a visitor to rent a car?

　　33. What is forbidden when one is driving in America?

　　34. What may startle you at first when traveling in America by car?

　　35. Why would the government have to take some actions?

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written。

　　The International Olympic Committee chose a doctor from Belgium as its president. Jacques Rogge will serve at least eight years. He replaced Juan Antonio Samaranch of Spain who served as president for twenty-one years。

　　Doctor Rogge received support from more than half the delegates in a second vote during a meeting in Moscow. He has worked for many years with the International Olympic Committee. He is fifty-nine years old。

　　Observers called the election of Doctor Rogge a move to reform the worldwide sports organization. The new president says he will place great importance on preventing Olympic competitors from using banned drugs. Experts say his long record of honesty may help the Olympics recover from charges of illegal actions.  

　　The accusations are linked to the winter games of 2002. Ten Olympic Committee members reportedly accepted gifts and large amounts of money to choose Salt Lake City to hold the events. The American government charged five people in connection with these gifts. Earlier this week, a federal judge dismissed four of fifteen charges against two men who led Salt Lake City's campaign to get the Olympics. The judge also postponed their trial。

　　The new president has been active in the Olympics since he was a young man. Jacques Rogge is a champion sailor who competed in three Olympic sailing events, the last in 1976. He has been a member of the International Olympic Committee for ten years. Doctor Rogge had a major responsibility for plans for the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Those games were highly successful。

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

　　Section A

　　47.由第二段第一句“Zoos were originally created as places of entertainment，and their suggested involvement with conservation didn't seriously arise until about 30 years ago.。.”可知正确答案为“30”。

　　48.从第三段第二句“This is probably the document's first failing，as I believe that 10，000 is a serious underestimate of the total number of places masquerading as zoological establishments。”中可以看出，作者认为文件的第一个缺点是大大低估了全世界动物园的数目。明目繁多但实质是动物园的机构远远多于一万这个数目。可见此处要填的词是意为“低估”的动词。因此，正确答案为“underestimates”。

　　49.第四段作者谈到选择参与保护项目的核心动物园的标准时提到“One would assume that the caliber of these institutions would have been carefully examined，but it appears that the criterion for inclusion on this select list might merely be that the zoo is a member of a zoo federation or association。”，实际上列入候选的唯一标准可能是：该动物园是动物园联盟或者动物园协会的成员。故该题可以答为“Any zoo that is a member of a zoo federation or association。”。

　　50.由第四段第二句和第三句“One would as some that the caliber of these institutions would have been carefully examined，but it appears that the criterion for inclusion on this select list might merely be that the zoo is a member of a zoo federation or association.This might be a good starting point，working On the premise that members must meet certain standards，but again the facts don't support the theory。”可见人们都以为参与保护项目的动物园应该按照标准 (caliber)严格筛选，但没想到例如候选的唯一标准(criterion)可能只是该动物园是动物园协会或者联盟的成员。如果这些协会的成员达到一定的标准(standards)也就罢了，但事实并非如此。两句话中“标准”三次出现。可见作者认为WZCS的第二个缺点是在挑选参与保护项目的动物园时，没有严格的标准。因此，此题要填的词为文中所出现的“caliber/criterion/ standard”中的任何一个。

　　51.文章第五段作者提到：Colin Tudge预测全球合作的喂养保护项目可以保护大约2 000种濒临灭绝的陆地脊椎动物。随后，在第六段中作者讲到30年以来只有16种物种可以说是被圈养保护项目所拯救了。这离Tudge所说的2 000种物种得到保护的目标还差得很远。稍加推测可知，作者对Tudge预测的目标是不信任的、怀疑的。因此，答案可以是“Disbelieving./Skeptical./Doubtful。”。

　　Section B

　　52.细节甄别题。文中第二段提及“These included the use of federal student loans to pay off credit cards，effectively shifting the debt，appeals to parents for loans，cutting back on course work to increase time at paid jobs，or even dropping out altogether to work full time。”，因此，正确答案为C项。选项C是college administrators从事的活动，不是美国学生。

　　53.细节甄别题。文中开篇提到“the consequences can be serious-ranging from higher drop- out rates to future employment problems and even suicide”，最后一段谈到“Card issuers were sponsoring school programs，funding activities and even entering into business partnerships with schools”，由此可以看出选项B是card issuers从事的活动，而不是美国学生，更不是使用credit card的后果。因此，正确答案为B项。

　　54.细节题。文末倒数第二句、第三句中提到了“students，card companies，university administrators”都应该为信用卡负面影响负责。因此，正确答案为A项。

　　55.主旨题。本文首句即提到“U.S.college students are increasingly burdened with credit card debt”，第二段主旨是“growing numbers of students who are unable to cope with the stress of their debts and/or part time jobs for servicing their credit cards”。第三段讲“debts can haunt students”，最后一段主要讲述“who should answer for the negative consequences”。因此，正确答案为A项。

　　56.推断题。文章主要讲述学生使用信用卡的负面影响，但也不能千篇一律断然否定使用信用卡，因而选项B不对。不使用信用卡电不能保证美国学生不自杀，故选项C不对。美国学生有part-time工作，是司空见惯也不能因为信用卡的负面影响而取消，故排除选项A。采用逐个排除法，可以确定正确答案为D项。

　　57.细节题。通过阅读文章可知“home schoolers”和“public schools”是相对立的。前者是指那些让孩子在家里接受教育的社会群体。故答案为C项。

　　58.细节题。从文章第三段可知，由于公立学校的官员们意识到，和提倡让孩子在家接受教育的社会群体一直保持敌对态度是无益处的，因此双方的矛盾有了一定的缓和。故答案为B项。

　　59.细节题。第五段最后一句作者提到：home schoolers之所以坚持自己的教育方法主要是因为宗教原因，因此答案为C项。

　　60.细节推断题。从文章最后两段可知，home schoolers认为他们的教育方法是最好的，并希望自己的这种生活方式、教育方法不受打扰。故答案为A项。

　　61.推断题。从文章最后一段可知，home schoolers希望自己的孩子不仅要学习传统课程，而且要学习严格的宗教知识。从这一角度来说，他们认为家是最好的教育场所。而另一些 home schoolers则认为学校的教育方法是不恰当。他们倒不十分在意学校的教学内容。因此答案为D项。

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