第一部分    完型填空文章

　　阅读下面的短文。短文中有十五个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。

　　综合类---C级

　　Why People Use Pseudonyms                 

　　You can’t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood.. Of course, most people never change their names _1__ they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do _2__ this course of action－ particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it’s for purely _3__ reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftali Reyes. He didn’t want his father to _4__ he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. _5__ other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, _6__ wrote under 75 different names. The reason? “When I use a different name, I always write in a different way,” he explained. In most cases, _7__, the reason is for social, historical, or cultural reasons. Here are some of the most _8__:

　　The person’s real name is just _9__ long and difficult to remember. Let’s be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as _10__ to remember as just plain “Madonna”. And short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele。

　　Sometimes names are changed for marketing _11__. For example, if a name sounds too “foreign”， it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a _12__. So in the film world, Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s real name doesn’t sound very attractive—Chad Everett does _13__ a lot better than Raymond Cramton。

　　Artists sometimes _14__ the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas。

　　Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To _15__ this situation they sometimes gave themselves men’s names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!

　　1. A as if                             B as                             C even if                            D even

　　2. A take                             B make                        C do                                   D have

　　3. A private                        B individual                 C own                          D personal

　　4. A understand                  B know                        C recognize                 D observe

　　5. A At                                B On                            C In                             D During

　　6. A whom                          B which                       C who                          D that

　　7. A but                              B although                  C though                            D however

　　8. A popular                        B common                  C ordinary                   D average

　　9. A so                                B too                           C very                         D much

　　10. A easy                           B short                        C simple                      D brief

　　11. A aims                           B ends                         C goals                        D purposes

　　12. A market                       B film                          C country                           D business

　　13. A look                           B sound                       C appear                            D seem

　　14. A choose                       B give                          C change                            D get

　　15. A admit                         B assure                      C avoid                        D affect

　　译文：为什么人们用假名

　　我们没法选择出生时的名字，但是在很多国家人们可以在成年后改名。当然，绝大多数人即使不喜欢自己的名字也不会改。然而，有的人却付诸行动—尤其是艺术家！为什么艺术家想改名呢？有时仅源于单纯的私人原因。比如诺贝尔奖得主，智利诗人Neftali Reyes，因为不想让父亲知道自己写诗，就在年轻时改名为Pablo Neruda。有时改名的理由也很奇怪，就拿葡萄牙诗人Fernando Pessoa来说吧，他的笔名多达75个。为什么？他解释说：“每用一个不同的名字，我就写不同的诗。”然而，改名大多数是由于社会、历史、政治或文化因素。以下是一些最常见的情况：

　　也许是因为真名太长太难记。老实说，Madonna Louise Ciccone的确不如Madonna来得好记。简短的名字记起来容易得多，比如William Bradley改名为Brad Pitt, Edson Arantes doNasaimento 改名为Nascimento Pele。

　　有时改名是出于市场要求。比如，假使名字听起来太“外国”，就可能被换成在市场更容易认的名字。所以电影圈里的Ramon Estevez重起一个名字Martin Sheen。或者因为艺人的真名听上去没什么吸引力— Chad Everett确实比Raymond Cramton好听多了。

　　有时艺术家改名时会选择他们崇拜的人的名字。出于对威尔士诗人Dylan Thomas的崇敬，Robert Zimmerman把他的名字改成了Boo Dylan。

　　另一个原因可归结为现实考虑。过去，女人出书很难。为了避免这一局面，他们有时起男人的名字，英国作家Mary Anna Evans 把她的名字改为George Eliot，最后果真出版了自己的书！

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