13版GMAT官方指南首发 解析语法部分
最最新13年版GMAT(微博)官方指南首发，新东方GMAT团队老师第一时间开展针对新OG(官方指南)的教研，为广大考生送上GMAT考试的最新趋势和动态。
总体上说，13版OG并没有太大的变化。
Sample Question部分仍旧为140道题目，其中25道题是新增添的，剩下部分都与12版OG一样。
新题题号：1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, 26, 35, 38, 40, 48, 56, 65, 68, 71, 74, 79, 87, 97, 107, 111, 114, 132, 138。
就考察知识点而言，也并没有明显难度变化。平行、代词、修饰语、动词、比较仍旧是较为重要的考点。
主谓一致：7
＝> 考点清晰，结合其它知识点。
平行结构：4, 15, 38, 56, 74, 79, 87, 138
＝> 考点清晰，有部分题目结合了2个或以上知识点。句子长度难度整体没有变化。
代词：111, 114
＝> 主要考察指代不清、单复数的问题。句子长度、结构都略为变长。
修饰语：1, 19, 35, 48, 65, 68, 132
=> 完整性、同位语、句式结构、分词作状语等都作为主要考察修饰语的问题。句子长度略为有所增长。
动词：40, 71
=> 虚拟语气、时态的比较。
比较：9, 107
=> 比较的用词区别；句子长度变长。
标点：2, 26, 97
＝> 主要考察分号在标准书面英语的用法。
与12版OG相比，难度上并没有明显变化。删除了12版OG里几道题干简单、考点很难的题目，增添的题目主要表现为句子变长、句式复杂、划线部分略长的特点。考点相对于12版持平，考点清晰，呈现出一个题结合多个知识点的特点。所以对于考生而言，牢牢掌握基本知识点成为复习的关键。
考生们可以按照原有的复习计划进行复习。
［样题分析］
1. In a review of 2,000 studies of human behavior that date back to the 1940s, two Swiss psychologists, declaring that since most of the studies had failed to control for such variables as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously。
psychologists, declaring that since most of the studies had failed to control for such variables as social class and family size,
psychologists, declaring that most of the studies failed in not controlling for such variables like social class and family size, and
psychologists declared that since most of the studies, having failed to control for such variables as social class and family size,
psychologists declared that since most of the studies fail in controlling for such variables like social class and family size,
psychologists declared that since most of the studies had failed to control for variables such as social class and family size,
=> 解析：
考点：句子结构的完整性(sentence construction)；时态(tense)；用词(wording)
首先， 原句主语为two Swiss psychologists，以此判断谓语动词一定出现在划线部分。declaring是非谓语结构，故不能作谓语动词。纵向比较选项，相同的错误也出现在B选项中。而CDE选项的declared可以作主句谓语动词。
其次，declared that 后面的宾语从句也需要主谓结构完整。C选项having failed为非谓语结构，故不能作其谓语动词；D选项的fail、E选项had failed都能作谓语动词。
再次，区别时态。fail是一般现在时，had failed是过去完成时。而主句动词declared表示过去的事情，故从句里是在此之前发生的动作，选had failed正确。
declaring不能作主句主语two Swiss psychologists的谓语动词，主句缺少谓语动词。
declaring不能作主句主语two Swiss psychologists的谓语动词，主句缺少谓语动词。such like不符合书面英语表达习惯。
从句having failed不能作从句主语most of the studies的谓语动词，从句缺少谓语动词。
从句谓语动词fail表示一般现在时，而主句动词declared表示事件发生在过去，故应选择过去的时态。such like不符合书面英语表达习惯。
从句谓语动词had failed准确表示出动作发生在过去，并先与declared的动作，故符合逻辑含义。举例使用such as符合书面英语表达习惯。
4. At the end of the 1930s, Duke Ellington was looking for a composer to assist him – someone not only who could arrange music for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writing style as well in order to finish the many pieces he had started but never completed。
(A) someone not only who could arrange music for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writing style as well in order to finish
(B) someone who could not only arrange music for his successful big band, but also mirror his eccentric writing style in order to finish
(C) someone who not only could arrange music for his successful big band, but also to mirror his eccentric writing style in finishing
(D) that being someone who could not only arrange music for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writing style for finishing
(E) being someone not only who could arrange music for his successful big band, but mirroring his eccentric writing style as well, finishing
＝>解析：
考点：平行结构(Parallelism)、修饰结构(Rhetorical Construction)
句中破折号前面是完整的主谓结构，即句子的主干；破折号起解释说明的作用，后面可以是名词或者句子。划线部分在破折号之后，并且出现了平行结构标志词not only … but also …，于是考虑由平行结构着手做题。
(A) 平行结构不正确，not only 后面的who … 和but后面的mirroring形式不对等；not only … but … as well 不符合正式书面英语表达习惯，应为not only … but also …。
(B) 正确。not only … but also 后面接了对等的形式 arrange 和mirror。平行结构正确，someone在破折号后面作a composer的同位语，结构正确，in order to 表达了目的，正确
(C) 平行结构不正确，not only 后面的could arrange 和but后面的to mirror形式不对等；in finishing 表示在某一方面，在此句中没有表达出目的的含义，因此错。
(D) that being someone who … 表达啰嗦，不够简洁。直接用someone who … 作同位语即可；平行结构不正确，not only 后面的arrange 和but后面的mirroring形式不对等； for finishing表示原因，在此句中没有表达出目的的含义，因此错。
(E) being someone表达啰嗦，不够简洁。直接用someone who … 作同位语即可；平行结构不正确，not only 后面的who … 和but后面的mirroring形式不对等； not only … but … as well 不符合正式书面英语表达习惯，应为not only … but also …。
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