托福听力考前必看：20个高频率必备短语
对各位准备参加托福[微博]考试的考生来说，TPO是绝佳的备考资料。但根据北京新航道名师林强长期身居教学一线的经历来看，绝大多数考生都视之为“刷题工具”——纯粹使之沦为了检测自己的练习手段，而非用来提高自己的学习手段。根据笔者学习英语的体会以及长期教授托福听力的教学经验，影响考生听力信息摄取的障碍之一，恰恰是那些看似很懂、没什么生词、听起来马马虎虎，感觉又似懂非懂的听力短语。本文意在撷取TPO听力文段中容易引起考生误解或错解的20个词组，对其语境含义加以诠释，希望起到抛砖引玉的作用。
| 序号 | 词组出处 | 听力原句 | 核心词组 | 语境释义 | 备注 | 难度指数 |
| 1 | TPO4
Conversation1 |
Librarian：
Oh, well I guess you might think that. But when I saw it back then it was anything but boring。 |
anything but | 并不；一点也不 | 近似词组nothing but意为“只不过是”，例如：It's nothing but a joke。 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2 | TPO5
Conversation1 |
Student：
Hi, thanks for seeing me in such short notice。 |
in such short notice | 如此仓促 | ★☆☆☆☆ | |
| 3 | TPO16
Conversation1 |
Manager:
Right, the choir. It’s nice to finally meet you in person。 So, you are having problems with.。。 |
in person | 亲自，当面 | ★☆☆☆☆ | |
| 4 | TPO8
Conversation2 |
Pro:
Ok, basically they have to offer things that most people can find anywhere else, you know quality, that means better exercise equipment,high-end stuff, and classes-exercise classes may be aerobics。 |
high-end | 高端的 | ★☆☆☆☆ | |
| 5 | TPO4
Lecture2 |
Therefore, it’s best to be a non-conformist – to do your own thing, not worrying about what other people think. That’s an important point. He really drives this argument home throughout the essay。 | drive…home | 把(论点、问题等)讲得透彻、明白 | 笔者在某知名培训机构与浙江某出版社合作出版的托福词组精选这样的书里，看到该词组也被收录，但被注释为“开车回家”，可谓滑天下之大稽，希望广大考生不要被误导。 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| 6 | TPO4
Conversation2 |
Student:
I went off to the stack and found some really good material for my part, but when I got back to our table, they were just goofing off and talking. So I went and got materials for their sections as well。 |
goof off | 游手好闲，混日子 | ★★☆☆☆ | |
| 7 | TPO4
Conversation2 |
Student:
I know, but I didn’t want to risk the project going down the drain。 |
go down the drain | 前功尽弃，付诸东流 | ★★☆☆☆ | |
| 8 | TPO4
Conversation2 |
Student:
But we’ve got all the sources and it’s due next week. We don’t have time to start from scratch。 |
start from scratch | 从头开始 | ★★☆☆☆ | |
| 9 | TPO16
Lecture3 |
It’s been shaped by constraints over vast stretches of time, all of which comes down to the fact that the best foraging strategy for beavers isn’t the one that yields the most food or wood。 | come down to | 归结为 | ★★☆☆☆ | |
| 10 | TPO17
Conversation2 |
I am afraid we don’t have any openings at lunch time. A lot of students want to work then, so it is really rare for us to have an open spot at that time of day。 | open spot | 职位空缺 | Opening和vacancy与该词组同义 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| 11 | TPO13
Lecture1 |
Well, design doesn't necessarily include things like sculptures or decorative walkways or… or even eye catching window displays, you know art。 | not necessarily | 不一定，未必 | TPO4 Lecture1中也有出现，原句是Professor：
That’s another possible reason although it doesn’t necessarily explain other behaviors such as eating, drinking or sleeping。” TPO6 Lecture2中同样出现了该词组： It’s not necessarily a species in retreat。 |
★★★☆☆ |
| 12 | TPO4
Lecture2 |
They try to fit in with the rest of the world even though it’s at odds with their beliefs and their identities。 | be at odds with | 与…相违背、相冲突 | 该词组在文章朗读时有较强较快的语音连读，即s&a以及t&o这两处。建议考生多听多揣摩。 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 13 | TPO10
Conversion2 |
Employee：
You are lucky to have professor who includes the lesser-known writer like her on the syllabus, you know, not the usual authors we’ve all read。 |
lesser-known | 不知名的 | ★★★☆☆ | |
| 14 | TPO16
Lecture3 |
I mean no one really thinks that, say a bee goes through weighing the pros and cons of pollinating this flower or that flower。 | pros and cons | 权衡利弊，仔细斟酌 | 该词组在写作中也较常用，建议考生掌握其基本用法。 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 15 | TPO17
Conversation2 |
Student:
I mean... Being a waiter, I get to see a lot of the professors, like in a different light, we joke around a little you know. In the classroom, they always have to be pretty formal, but … |
in a different light | 从不同的角度，从另外一面 | TPO21 Lecuture2有另一近似词组come to light，该词组意为“曝光、显现、暴露”。 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 16 | TPO7
Conversation1 |
Pro:
Oh, that's very thoughtful of you, Eric, but it will be low key, nothing flashy. That's not her style。 |
low key | 低调的，不张扬的 | ★★★★☆ | |
| 17 | TPO13
Lecture1 |
There are variations on this model of course, but the common denominators are always an idea of creating a shopping space that will get people to shop in the city without needing their cars。 | common denominator | 共同点，共性 | denominator本意为“分母” | ★★★★☆ |
| 18 | TPO12
Lecture1 |
But if you took away all the DNA that codes for genes, you still have maybe 70% of the DNA left over. That’s the so-called JUNK DNA. Though the word junk is used sort of tongue in cheek。 | tongue in cheek | 半开玩笑地 | ★★★★★ | |
| 19 | TPO6
Lecture3 |
To begin, how do we create fictional characters? We don’t just pull them from thin air, do we? I mean we don’t create them out of nothing。 | pull them from thin air | 凭空捏造 | ★★★★★ | |
| 20 | TPO14
Conversation2 |
Advisor:
Hi, Steven I schedule this appointment, cause it has been a while since we touched base。 |
touch base | 联系，进行接触 | ★★★★★ |
以上是北京新航道学校名师林强为各位考生所总结归纳的真题词组，希望考生在反复练习中加以体会和提炼~(文/北京新航道学校 林强)
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