初中英语动词不定式用法梳理3

　　六、用作状语

　　1.目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。如：

　　1)In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.(p.93)

　　2)A group of young people got together to(in order to / so as to) discuss this question. (p.50)

　　to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的状语，置句末时都可以用，置句首时只用to do / in order to do。so as to do一般不置于句首，可以引导结果状语从句，in order to do不引导结果状语从句。

　　2.原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”结构句中。如：

　　1)My dogs name is “Lucky”—a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.(p.66)

　　2)On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. (p.64)

　　3.结果状语，多见于“too...to”，“enough to...”结构句中。如：

　　1)Then I’m too tired to do well. What should I do?(p.28)

　　2)The room needs to be big enough for three people to live in.(p.56)

　　4.有些动词不定式作状语，常说明前面形容词的性质和特性。动词不定式与句子的主语有逻辑的动宾关系。动词不定式前面的形容词一般是：cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, fun, hard, interesting, necessary。不定式常用主动式表被动意义。

　　... the mistakes you made are necessary for you to learn and understand.(p.116)

　　这类句子中的动词不定式可改为主语。

　　5.独立动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。如：

　　1)Id like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good.(p.50)

　　2)To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word. (p.6)

　　七、动词不定式的复合结构

　　动词不定式的复合结构是“for / of sb. to do sth.”，for / of引出不定式动作的逻辑主语。这种结构在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of，主要决定于前面形容词的性质。一般说来，of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既说明人的特性，又说明不定式动作的特性。for前面的形容词是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等，一般说明不定式动作的特性，不说明人的特性。前面如果是名词用for。如：

　　1.Its also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening. (p.22)

　　2.Zoos are terrible places for animals to live.(p.120)

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