Part I基础知识

　　A. Fill in the blanks with words which are often confused, changing the form where necessary.

　　1. attribute, contribute

　　a. Everyone should _______ what he or she can afford.

　　b. This play is usually __________ to Shakespeare.

　　c. His work has _________ enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.

　　d. The author _______ his success to hard work.

　　2. alter, alternate

　　a. Farmers usually _______ their crops on a yearly basis.

　　b. I didn't recognize him first, he had _______so much.

　　c. Rainy days ________ with dry ones.

　　d. She had to ________ her clothes after losing weight.

　　3. creation, innovation

　　a. In recent years technical _______ came one after another.

　　b. Economic conditions may be responsible for the _________ of social unrest.

　　c. The whale is the largest mammal in______ .

　　4. adopt, adapt

　　a. This machine has been specially _______ for use underwater.

　　b. Having no children of their own, they decided to _______ an orphan.

　　c. The government has ________ a hard line towards terrorists.

　　d. She ______ herself quickly to the new climate.

　　5. clue, cue

　　a. The only _______ to the identity of the murderer was a half-smoked cigarette.

　　b. Actors have to learn their ________ as well as their own lines.

　　c. We have no ______ as to where she went after she left home.

　　6. rhyme, rhythm

　　a. The music those tribesmen are playing contains some incredibly complicated ______ .

　　b. To amuse his colleagues he wrote his report in _______ .

　　B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given below.

　　absence accelerate customary aural bargain basic post pioneer permanent obstacle sufficient trend sympathetic respectful estimate

　　1. The vacant ______for a personnel manager was advertised in yesterday's City Morning.

　　2. Some senior citizens are not used to the ________ of modern living, which they consider is away from traditional customs.

　　3. I bought this ring for only 15 dollars in the jeweler's. It is a real ________.

　　4. So far we have not got __________ information to state the exact damage of the fire.

　　5. We still have tremendous ________ to overcome before we can achieve our goal.

　　6. How can they finish the experiments in the _________ of Professor Smith?

　　7. The crowd stood on the sidewalk in _______ silence as the funeral procession went by.

　　8. At a rough _______, we will take another four weeks to finish this plan.

　　9. To help Mary prepare for the _______ test, Professor Black gave her a couple of tapes to listen to and review.

　　10. That surgeon of the South Africa was the _________ who tried heart transplanting operation, and soon, the technology was spread all over the world.

　　11. The old lady was so kind-hearted that when the little boy told what had happened she felt _______ toward him.

　　12. All college students recognize that reading is the ________tool of learning in higher education.

　　13. She hated wandering about and expected to find a ________ position in a nursery or a school.

　　14. The scandal surrounding the prime minister_______ the fall of the government.

　　15. It is _______ for me to sleep late on weekend.

　　C. Multiple choice.

　　1. It was essential that all the necessary documents ____ to the president's office before the end of this month.

　　A) be handed inB) must be handed in

　　C) should hand in__________

　　D) had been handed in

　　2. This is ______ to answer.

　　A) rather a difficult question

　　B) rather difficult a question

　　C) rather difficult question

　　D) a question rather difficult

　　3. The boys________ on the newcomer. They hid his shoes and he could not find them.

　　A) made fun B) played a joke

　　C) had fun D) made a joke

　　4. Of the two toys, the child chose _______ .

　　A) the less expensive

　　B) the one most expensive

　　C) the least expensive

　　D) the most expensive

　　5. It is appropriate that more time _______ to thorough study of the scheme.

　　A) should have been devoted

　　B) ought to be devoted

　　C) must be devoted__________

　　D) be devoted

　　6. The government _______ money into basic construction such as highway and telecommunications the latest ten years.

　　A) put B) has been pumping

　　C) has given D) has provided

　　7. Human beings have _______ very diverse environments with the help of house, clothes, fire, agriculture and the machines they have invented and built.

　　A) adapted themselves to

　　B) adopted themselves to

　　C) justified themselves to

　　D) changed themselves to

　　8. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ______.

　　A) be put off B) was put off

　　C) should put off D) is to put off

　　9. Mr. Black complained about the ______ air conditioner he bought from this company.

　　A) efficient B) effective

　　C) defective D) insufficient

　　10. It is imperative that your signature ______ on your identification card.

　　A) had to appear B) appeared

　　C) appears D) appear

　　11. Never before ______ people in our country been interested in volleyball.

　　A) has so many B) were so many

　　C) have so many D) will so many

　　12. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother ________ to swim.

　　A) how will it learn

　　B) will it learn how

　　C) it will learn how

　　D) and it learns how

　　13. It's highly desirable that a new general manager ______ for this company.

　　A) is appointed B) be appointed

　　C) will be appointed

　　D) would be appointed

　　14. Margaret seldom drinks coffee because she doesn't _______ the taste.

　　A) stand for B) care about

　　C) cope with D) care for

　　15. ________ enter university one day, I would work very hard.

　　A) Would I ever B) Ever would I

　　C) Ever should I D) Should I ever

　　Part II综合能力

　　A. Error Correction.

　　China is turning Mount Qomolangma, the world's highest peak, which previously attracts

　　1. __________

　　only mountaineers, into a new holy land for tourists.

　　Resources from the Tourism Bureau of the 2.__________

　　Tibet Autonomous Region said that some 7,000 tourists from cross the world visited the moun-

　　3.__________

　　tain last year, and the number is expecting to increase this year. 4.__________

　　Most tourists have no trouble reach the

　　5.__________

　　base camp, which is located some 5,200 meters above sea level.

　　When a reporter visited the mountain last month, he saw Japanese all terrain vehicles parked around the climbers' tents. Tourists were posing with pictures, or pointing toward the peak. 6.__________

　　The weather was not cold, and many people were putting T-shirts.

　　7.__________

　　The best season to make the trip is early summer or autumn, where there is no snowfall or heavy rain. 8.__________

　　The peak is covered in snow, like a great white bear sitting there calmly. The sky is blue and stunning and the thawing ice make a

　　9.__________

　　strange, light music. "Mount Qomolangma is the world's roof. China is turning the mountain into one of the most attractive tourist site in the world." 10.__________

　　A nature reserve had been set up in the mountain region where foreign-invested hotels are expected to be built.

　　B. Reading Comprehension.

　　Passage One

　　Some desert animals can survive the very strong summer heat and dryness because they have very unusual characteristics. The camel, for example, can bear an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9℃. In addition, it can drink an enormous amount of water at one time, then store sufficient water in its red blood cells and other parts of its body to supply its need for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat, on the other hand, obtains all the water it needs from water that it produces during respiration. However, most animals need to maintain a fairly constant body temperature, and will die if it rises more than 5℃. Therefore, they need to find some way to avoid the strong sun rays. Nor can many animals either store or produce water in their bodies, as the camel and kangaroo can. So they must find ways to reduce water loss from their bodies to the lowest degree.

　　Because very few desert animals can survive the strong rays, the temperature, and the evaporation rate of a typical summer's day, most of them are active during the night. Only after the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides protection, not only from the sun, but also from other animals and from the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal for the large majority of animals and insects to continue their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek shelter again: many go underground; nearly all find somewhere shady and they can avoid the sun rays there.

　　For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is easier than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which prevents water loss by evaporation. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is some wetness, and it is generally cooler than on the surface.

　　1. According to the passage, camels can survive dryness for at least two weeks mainly due to their ability ________.

　　A) to store sufficient water in their bodies

　　B) to drink sufficient water at one time

　　C) to produce water in their bodies

　　D) to change their body temperatures

　　2. From the passage, it can be learned that the strong sun rays may be harmful to those desert animals _________.

　　A) that do not have enough blood cells

　　B) that cannot get water by themselves

　　C) whose body temperature cannot be allowed to change

　　D) whose bodies are not large enough to store water

　　3. Which of the following is a correct description of night life in the desert according to the passage?

　　A) Desert is silent at night time in summer.

　　B) Animals are busier at night in summer.

　　C) Animals are not alive until the sunset.

　　D) The desert is full of active animals at night.

　　4. Why do animals and insects in the desert prefer to search for water and food in the darkness?

　　A) They have strange diet habits.

　　B) They cannot live in the sunshine.

　　C) They need some extra water and food to support their bodies.

　　D) They may be eaten by other animals in daytime.

　　5. According to the author, it is more suitable for insects to live in the desert than for animals because __________ .

　　A) insects are well protected by plants in desert

　　B) insects have the right kind of skin

　　C) animals have larger bodies to support

　　D) animals cannot live underground

　　Passage Two

　　If I were writing a history of my family, some of the darkest moments recorded would be those surrounding Christmas trees. One would certainly think otherwise; nevertheless, selecting and putting up our trees have always been fraught with peril. For instance, one afternoon dangerously close to Christmas Eve my mother bought what she perceived to be a bargain: a glorious tree that was so full and tall that we could hardly get it into the house. Once we did, my father immediately realized that we would have to hire a carpenter to build a stand for it. Another December, perhaps the very next one, we bought a tree earlier than we ever had before. We were pleased with its shape and delighted that its size was manageable. We easily placed it in a stand, decorated it from top to bottom, and then smugly sat back to bask in its soft light. Two or three days passed, and the truth could not be hidden: we had bought a tree cut so long ago that it was now shedding its needles without provocation. There was nothing to do but to undecorate it, take it down, and begin tree-shopping again.

　　Our most recent Christmas tree offered still another challenge. When we brought it home, once again it seemed larger than it had in the great outdoors. To complicate matters, we had bought a new stand, one whose nuts and bolts worked more mysteriously than those of our old stand. Our only recourse was to persuade two young neighbors to stop playing basketballs and to help us get the tree into the house and set it securely in the stand. Unfortunately, no one noticed the mud on our helpers' sneakers; so only after removing several reddish brown spots from the carpet were we able to discuss the question of where the lights and ornaments were stored. Perhaps those who cut their own trees have tales to tell more harrowing than these. I don't care to hear them, for my family's experiences, of which these are but three, are enough to tempt me to make the following suggestion: "Let's forget the tree next Christmas; let's simply drape a garland over the mirror in the hall and hang a wreath on the front door."

　　6. The darkest moments in the writer's family concerned the fact__________.

　　A) that the family bought big Christmas trees

　　B) that they had problems putting up their Christmas trees

　　C) that they had problems picking suitable Christmas trees and decorating them

　　D) that they had problems finding carpenters for putting up Christmas trees

　　7. From the passage, we can learn that the writer would like to_________.

　　A) forget about Christmas

　　B) get the neighbors to put up their tree

　　C) buy a better tree

　　D) make some other decorations to celebrate Christmas

　　8. The new stand was bought__________.

　　A) for the neighbors

　　B) for the most recent Christmas tree

　　C) for the tree that was withering

　　D)so father wouldn't have to hire a carpenter

　　9. The sentence "mother bought what she perceived to be a bargain" means_______.

　　A) that she had to bargain hard with the sales-man

　　B) that she didn't really want to buy it

　　C) that she has bought the tree at a cheap price

　　D) that she couldn't afford a more expensive one

　　10. What can be the best title for the passage?

　　A) No More Christmas Trees for Us.

　　B) Dark Moments of Life.

　　C) How to Select a Christmas Tree.

　　D) Christmas without Trees.

　　C. Short Answer Questions.

　　Passage One

　　Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on.

　　For most of the time this "conversation" goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.

　　Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

　　There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that has to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a "process" conversation as opposed to a "content conversation". It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usual1y pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a process conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.

　　Questions:

　　1. When does the reader become conscious of reading as a kind of conversation?

　　2. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to _____________.

　　3. What does a "process" conversation have to do with?

　　4. What balance should readers at a higher level maintain?

　　5. What should we do in order to develop our reading ability to hold an advanced level?

　　Passage Two

　　Men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Men also need more oxygen because they do not breathe as often as women. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. When the air is polluted, they draw more of it into their lungs.

　　A more recent finding is the effect of automobile and truck exhaust fumes on children's intelligence. These exhaust fumes are the greatest source of lead pollution in cities. Researchers have found that the children with the highest concentration of lead in their bodies have the lowest scores on intelligence tests and that boys score lower than girls. It is possible that these low scores are connected to the deeper breathing that is typical of the male.

　　Men's bones are larger than women's and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. Men have broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis(骨盆), which enables them to stride out with no waste motion. A woman's wider pelvis, designed for child-bearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of a jiggle and sway as she walks.

　　If you think a man is brave because he climbs a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, don't forget that it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a woman's thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing awkward for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling.

　　Questions:

　　6. A proper topic for this passage may be ________________________.

　　7. Why do men suffer more from air pollution?

　　8. What makes men's walking different from women's?

　　9. Why do women face more danger in climbing?

　　10. Name the differences mentioned in this passage.

　　D. Translation.

　　1. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely and firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with items in question.

　　2. A company in which anyone is afraid to speak up, to differ, to be daring and original, is closing the coffin door by itself.

　　3. The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problem.

　　4. What's missing from a lot of lives is romance. It's the little things that make a difference, such as doing small chores for your wife, sharing a laugh. These are the "diamonds" that really count.

　　5. Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from the elegant.

　　E. Writing.

　　Direction: Write a composition on the topic Private Tutoring. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given below:

　　1.当前学校里大学生做家教很风行；

　　2.大学生做家教有各种各样的原因；

　　3.我为什么(不)做家教。

　　Part I基础知识

　　A. 1. a. contribute b. attributed c. contributed d. attributed

　　2. a. alternate b. altered c. alternate d. alter

　　3. a. innovation b. creation c. creation

　　4. a. adapted b. adopt c. adopted d. adapted

　　5. a. clue b. cues c. clue

　　6. a. rhythm b. rhyme

　　B. 1. post 2. trend 3. bargain 4. sufficient 5. obstacles

　　6. absence 7. respectful 8. estimate 9. aural 10. pioneer

　　11. sympathetic 12. basic 13. permanent 14. accelerated 15. customary

　　C. 1. A)。在It was essential / appropriate / vital ...等后面的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，形式是"should+动词原形"或动词原形，又因为是被动语态，故选A)。

　　2. A)。当quite，rather，half等修饰名词前的形容词时，不定冠词可置于副词之后。

　　3. B)。play a joke on sb. (开某人玩笑)是惯用词组。另一类似词组为：make fun of sb.(取笑某人)。

　　4. A)。因为有两个玩具，所以要用比较级。

　　5. D)。解析详见第1题。

　　6. B)。根据状语the latest ten years，句子要用现在完成进行时，所以选B)。

　　7. A)。adapt oneself to意为"使自己适应"，符合句意。其他搭配不正确。

　　8. A)。在含有suggest, proposal, order等的定语从句中，需用虚拟语气。形式为"should +动词原形"或动词原形。

　　9. C)。defective有毛病的，有缺陷的，符合题意。其它的选项均不符合题意。

　　10. D)。It is imperative...后面的从句用虚拟语气，形式为"should +动词原形"或动词原形。

　　11. C)。否定副词never, not, seldom, hardly等在句首时，句子要倒装。

　　12. B)。以only或so引导的状语或表语位于句首时要用倒装。

　　13. B)。It is desirable ...后面的从句用虚拟语气，形式为"should +动词原形"或动词原形。

　　14. D)。care for意为"喜欢"，符合题意。A) stand for代替；B) care about担心；C) cope with应付。

　　15. D)。此句为省略if的条件状语从句，表示将来实现可能性很小的虚拟语气，所以应选D)。

　　Part II综合能力

　　A.

　　1. attracts→attracted。句中有副词previously(以前，先前)，动词要用过去时。

　　2. Resources→Sources。消息等的"来源"是sources，不能用resources(资源)。

　　3. cross→across。此处应为介词across，across the world世界各地，全世界。

　　4. expecting→expected。此处应用被动语态。5. reach→reaching。正确的结构是have no trouble doing something(做……没有困难)。

　　6. with→for。根据句意"游客正摆好姿势照相"，应为to pose for pictures。

　　7. putting→wearing。"穿着……衣服"应为to wear，不可与put on"穿上……衣服"混淆，只用put更是错误的。

　　8. where→when。此处的定语从句是修饰early summer or autumn，所以要用表示时间的关系副词when。

　　9. make→makes。句子的主语是单数的thawing ice，所以要用makes。

　　10. site→sites。表示"……之一"的结构是one of +名词复数，所以要改site为sites。

　　B.

　　1. A)。根据第1段第3句，可知正确答案为A)。

　　2. C)。根据第1段的第6、7句，可知正确答案为C)。

　　3. B)。根据第2段第4句：黑暗降临后，动物就出来寻找食物和水，早上它们就躲到了地下或阴凉处，所以B)是答案。

　　4. D)。根据第2段第4句可知，黑夜还可以为它们提供保护，使它们避免被其他动物和鸟类吃掉。

　　5. B)。根据文章第3段可知，许多生活在沙漠的昆虫像沙漠植物一样有保护水分的皮肤，防止水分通过蒸发流失。

　　6. C)。文章中几次提到挑选合适的圣诞树和装饰它们的不顺利。

　　7. D)。根据文章最后一句，"忘记圣诞树，只在大厅的镜子上和门前挂上花环就行了。"

　　8. B)。根据第2段前两句，我们可知新的架子是为最近期的那棵圣诞树买的。

　　9. C)。bargain一词的意思为："(经过讨价还价后的)便宜货"。所以C)是答案。

　　10. A)。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者一家因购买和装饰圣诞树而遭遇的一次次烦恼，特别是文章最后作者提出用花环代替圣诞树，可以推断A)"我们不再要圣诞树"的答案。

　　C.

　　1. When he runs into difficulties in understanding the author's meaning. (根据第2段的第2句和第3句来回答此问题。)

　　2. concentrate on the meaning of words (根据第3段所说：Some stay very close to the words on the page; ...来完成这个句子。)

　　3. The application of reading strategies. (根据第4段第3句：It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.可以做出这一回答。)

　　4. The balance between lower and higher levels of comprehension. (根据第3段概括这一答案，特别注意，The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.中these所指就是高低两个层次的理解。)

　　5. Develop the ability to hold a process conversation. (根据文章最后一段，特别是最后的那个强调句概括出答案。)

　　6. Some Differences Between Men and Women. (全篇在男女造血功能、呼吸、骨骼结构等方面进行了比较，指出他们之间的差别。)

　　7. Because they breathe more deeply. (根据第1段倒数第2句的内容回答。)

　　8. The difference in pelvis. / The differences in size or arrangement of their bones. (概括第3段给出答案。)

　　9. Because of their body structure.(概括第4段给出答案。)

　　10. Blood manufacture, breathing, the size and arrangement of bones.(通读全文可知，第1段讲男女造血机能以及呼吸的差别，第3、4段讲男女骨骼大小和结构的差别，故全文提到四个方面的差别。)

　　D.

　　1.如果顾客有礼貌且态度坚定，那提意见通常是有效的方法，尤其是在他能够明确指出商品的缺陷时。

　　2.一个公司，如果员工都不敢开口说话，发出不同的声音，或大胆表达创见，大概离关门不远了。

　　3.家庭是个相互合作的群体，很难定出规则，因为每一个家庭都有解决自己问题的独特方式。

　　4.生活中大量缺少的就是浪漫色彩。它是些小事情，但却有很大的关系。例如，帮妻子做点家务，博得妻子一笑。这些才是真正起作用的"钻石"。

　　5.谚语是使拉丁美洲人言谈生动活泼的流行俗语，是精练睿智的语言。大学教授说，田野农夫也说；市井乞丐说，名门闺秀也说。

　　E.

　　Private Tutoring

　　Nowadays private tutoring is very popular with students on campus. More and more students choose to be tutors in their spare time. After class on the weekend they will spend time working as private tutors.

　　There are various reasons for students to work as tutors. I maintain three of them are very important. Firstly, students from poor families want to make money to relieve their parents' burden. Secondly, many students who are studying in Normal College expect to obtain practical experience for the future. Lastly, some students want to associate with society in this way.

　　Up to now, I haven't taken practised tutoring, because I am busy with my compulsory courses. In my opinion, at present laying a solid foundation in my studies and improving my analytical ability are more important than making money or obtaining experience.

　　(文/戚润东时雨李树德;英语通大学英语四级考试版2004年第1期;版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)