试题解析

　　2003年6月大学英语四级考试"简答题"试题如下:

　　Part IV 　Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.

　　What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted.

　　First, the teacher's personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.

　　Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce (诱导) people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.

　　Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act-to enliven (使生动) a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.

　　A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training, for we are none of us born like that.

　　Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it. There are three principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching; and-by far the most important-the children, young people, or adults to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner.

　　S1. Plain-looking teachers can also be admired by their students if they have__S1__.

　　S2. The author says it is__S2__that teachers be sympathetic with their students.

　　S3. A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend to have__S3(1)__and to be__S3(2)__.

　　S4. A teacher who is__S4__will be able to make his lessons more lively.

　　S5. How can a teacher acquire infinite patience? __S5__.

　　S6. Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is necessary for teachers to keep improving their knowledge of the

　　subjects they teach and their __S6__.

　　S7. Teachers' most important object of study is__S7__.

　　S8. Education cannot be best acquired without __S8__ between the teacher and the learner.

　　【试题解析】

　　内容大意:本文主要论述理想教师应具备的人文素质.文章认为,首先,教师应当生气勃勃,具有人格魅力;其次,教师应当富有同情心;第三,教师应当诚实耐心;最后一点,教师应当勇于进取,通过不断学习提高自己.

　　语言注释:

　　1. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, ... (Sentence 2, Para. 2)

　　本句中"rule out"意为"排除,取消,拒绝考虑".例如:We can't rule out the possibility that she was murdered by her husband. 我们不能排除她是被她丈夫谋杀的这一可能性.

　　2. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, ... (Sentence 1, Para. 3)

　　本句较长,全句主干为"it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy".其中"it"为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语"to have a genuine capacity for sympathy". "a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people"这一部分是同位语,具体说明之前的"a genuine capacity for sympathy"的具体含义.

　　3. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of... (Sentence 2, Para. 3)

　　本句为倒装结构.主语为"the capacity",其后的"to be tolerant"为不定式短语作定语,修饰"the capacity".破折号后的两个"of "均与"tolerant"搭配,这两个of短语由"not...but"连接.

　　4. The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner. (Sentence 4, Para.6)

　　本句主干为:The two fundamental principles...are that...and that....句中两个that从句均为表语从句.全句意为:"今日英国教育最基本的两条原则是:教育应以人为本,实施全方位的教育;只有通过教学双方的密切合作,效果才会好."

　　试题答案:

　　S1. great personal charm

　　S2. desirable and essential

　　S3. (1) weaknesses and immaturity (2) wrong

　　S4. a bit of an actor

　　S5. By self-discipline and self-training

　　S6. teaching methods

　　S7. those to whom subjects are taught

　　S8. full and active co-operation

　　(文/张国荣　英语辅导报大学一年级版03~04学年第37期;版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)