祈使句是表示命令、请求、叮嘱、号召等意义的句子。高考试题对祈使句可谓情深意长,难舍难弃。请看下列试题:

　　1. -Sorry, Joe. I didn't mean to...

　　-Don't call me"Joe". I'm Mr Parker to you, and________you forget it!(NMET2003)

　　A. do B. didn't

　　C. did D. don't

　　2. -Write to me when you get home.

　　-I________.(NMET2001春,京蒙皖)

　　A. must B. should C. will D. can

　　3. ________some of this juice-perhaps you'll like it.(NMET2000春)

　　A. Trying B. Try

　　C. To try D. Have tried

　　4. -Alice, you feed the bird today,________?

　　-But I fed it yesterday.(NMET1999)

　　A. do you B. will you

　　C. didn't you D. don't you

　　5. ________it with me and I'll see what I can do.(NMET1998)

　　A. When left B. Leaving

　　C. If you leave D. Leave

　　6. -Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

　　-________.(NMET1994)

　　A. I don't B. I won't

　　C. I can't D. I haven't

　　7. Be sure to write to us,________? (NMET1993)

　　A. will you B. aren't you

　　C. can you D. mustn't you

　　8. ________down the radio-the baby's asleep in the next room.(NMET1993)

　　A. Turning B. Turn

　　C. Turned D. To turn

　　9. Don't smoke in the meeting-room, ________? (MET1991)

　　A. do you B. will you

　　C. can you D. could you

　　10. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing,________?

　　(MET1990)

　　A. won't we B. will we

　　C. don't we D. shall we

　　[Keys:1-5 DCBBD 6-10 BABBD]

　　分析以上试题,不难看出高考对祈使句的考查,主要从两方面入手:

　　一、考查祈使句的肯定式和否定式。

　　众所周知,祈使句的肯定式是以动词原形开头的,否定式为Don't/Never+动词原形。再如:

　　Go back to your seat.

　　Do what you can, but be careful.

　　Well, don't give up!

　　Never forget your parents!

　　二、 考查祈使句的附加疑问句及回答。

　　附加疑问部分一般用will you?回答部分则用(Yes) I will. 或(No) I won't.。

　　还有,以Let's开头的祈使句,其附加疑问句一般用shall we?而以Let us开头的祈使句,其附加疑问句一般用will you?

　　另外,我们再来探究一下第1、4两题中的you。祈使句的主语通常是不表示出来的,但有时为了指明向谁提出命令和请求,或表示对比,或表示说话人发怒、厌烦等情感时,也可以表示出来。如:

　　You, open the door!

　　You boys sweep the floor and you girls clean the windows.

　　You, get out! You mind your own business!

　　明白了这个道理,我们就能很快认定1、4两题在考查祈使句,并顺利选出答案。

　　第5题是一个很有意义的句式,即:

　　祈使句+and/or+陈述句

　　这个祈使句相当于一个if从句,而陈述句要用一般将来时。所以这句话可以改成If you leave it with me, I'll see what I can do.这样,若原题干中去掉and, 则C为正确答案。再如:

　　Use your head and you'll find a way.=If you use your head, you'll find a way.

　　Hurry up, or you'll be late.=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.

　　当然,这个句式的and有时可用"--"代替,如第3题;而祈使句有时也可用名词短语代替。如:

　　One more week, and we will accomplish the task.

　　One more effort, and you will succeed.

　　(文/张崇山；英语通高三版2004年第5期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)