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Unit 11 Planting trees

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/13 10:14 新浪教育

　　选择型阅读理解答题技巧

　　选择型阅读理解，主要以确认原文事实和细节为主，辅以少量的总结大意和逻辑推理问题。要求同学们能够运用所学的英语知识，理解文章主要内容。答题时应做到：

　　1.速读理解大意。在此步骤中，一般要能很快找出一篇文章的基本内容，也就是时间、地点、人物、事件等。阅读时要尽量记住或标出这些基本内容的位置，为能快速地解题打好基础。

　　2.复读回答问题。文章后面所提出的问题基本都是按照材料中事实顺序给出的。逐个阅读这些问题，提出的每个问题都要尽量找到原文中的正确位置，然后确认这些事实或者细节。提出的每个问题都有相对的依据，只要找出就可确定答案。

　　3.细读解决疑难。遇到需要深层次理解的问题时，也就是需要总结大意和逻辑推理时，应根据文章所提供的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素及它们之间的关系来进行综合归纳、分析

　　，以得出正确的结论，解决问题。

　　Passage 1

　　一、阅读理解

　　Several summers ago, Joe Smith, coach (教练) of a football team and his family were spending their holiday in a small town.One rainy afternoon, it was impossible (不可能的)for them to go out to do something interesting, so the family decided to go to the cinema.

　　Joe, his wife and their three children walked down to the town's only cinema, bought tickets and went into the hall.The lights were still on, and there were just six other persons there.As Joe entered(走进), some of them saw him and started clapping(鼓掌).Joe gave them a smile and turned to his wife, “Aha, I can't believe (相信) they know me and I'm getting a warm welcome here.” he said,“I guess they saw my game on TV.”

　　They sat down and then a young man came back and gave out his hand.“Thanks a lot.”said the coach, “I just can't believe you know who I am.” “All I know,” replied the man,“is that they would not show the film until at least (最少) ten people bought tickets.”

　　①I can't believe they know me and I'm getting a warm welcome here.真是难以相信他们认识我，我在这儿受到热烈的欢迎。

　　根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

　　1.Joe and his family couldnt go out for anything interesting that day because ____ .

　　A.the town was too small

　　B.it was in the afternoon

　　C.there was a wonderful film

　　D.the weather was bad

　　2.When Joe and his family got to the cinema, ____ .

　　A.all the tickets had been sold out

　　B.the lights were still on

　　C.the cinema was full of people

　　D.the film had begun

　　3.Joe was ____ when some people gave him a warm welcome.

　　A.pleased

　　B.worried

　　C.disappointed (失望)

　　D.not happy

　　4.Now with the coach's family there were ____ people in the cinema.

　　A.nine

　　B.eleven

　　C.ten

　　D.twelve

　　5.In fact the people in the cinema welcomed the coach because ____ .

　　A.they often saw him on TV

　　B.they could shake hands with him

　　C.with his family they were able to see the film

　　D.his family also joined in them to see the exciting film

　　Passage 2

　　A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden.On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?”

　　“This is a fig (无花果) tree, sir.” he said.

　　“A fig tree?”the rich man was very surprised.“Why, how old are you, may I ask?”

　　“I am ninety years old.”

　　“What!” cried the rich man.“You're ninety years old.You are planting a very young tree now and it' ll take years to give fruit.You certainly dont hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. ”The old man looked around the garden.Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir.Did you eat figs when you were a boy?” “Sure.” the rich man did not know why he asked this question.“Then tell me this,”he said,“Who planted the fig trees?” “Why? I don't know.” “You see, sir,”went on the old man,“Our forefathers (祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”

　　The rich man was quiet and said,“You are right, my good man.We should do some good things for the people after us.Thank you very much.”Then he rode away.

　　①On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted.地上平放着一棵准备种植的小树。

　　②You certainly dont hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree.你当然没希望活得这么长，能从这棵树上摘到一些无花果。

　　根据短文内容，判断下列各句正(T)误(F)。

　　1.The rich man in the story was helping the old man plant a fig tree.

　　2.The rich man was surprised because the old man was ninety years old.

　　3.The rich man's father planted the fig trees, so he could eat figs when he was a boy.

　　4.The old man planted a fig tree because he wanted the people after him to eat fruit.

　　5.This story tells us the rich man and the old man are clever.

　　Passage 3

　　三、阅读理解

　　The world's forests become smaller and smaller.People are still cutting down the trees.Why is this happening? There are two reasons—land and wood.

　　People need land for animals and crops (庄稼).And people want wood.Japan, Europe (欧洲) and North American need wood.There, it is used for buildings or it is made into furniture (家具).

　　But most places from the forests are not good for animals or crops.The soil (土壤) in the forests is very thin. When trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by the rain or blown away by the wind.② Soon there is nothing but sand.Then more land will be needed and more trees will be cut down.

　　Who can we blame (责备) for the lost forests? The answer is: all of us.There are too many people in the world.Look around.Maybe you are listening to the loudspeaker or sitting on a chair.They are made of wood.

　　①The soil in the forests is very thin.森林里的土壤很贫瘠。

　　②When trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by the rain or blown away by the wind.

　　当树木被砍伐时，土壤被雨水冲走或被风吹走。

　　根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

　　1.What has happened to the world's forests now?

　　A.There is no forest in the world.

　　B.People cut down all the trees.

　　C.They become smaller and smaller.

　　D.People have grown a lot of trees.

　　2.Land is used for ____ .

　　A.animals and crops

　　B.planting trees

　　C.roads

　　D.buildings

　　3.Most places from the forests are not good for animals or crops because ____ .

　　A.the wind is too strong

　　B.no trees are grown there

　　C.there is no sand

　　D.the soil is very thin

　　4.What is left when the soil is washed away by the rain or blown away by the wind?

　　A.Nothing.

　　B.Sand.

　　C.Trees.

　　D.Water.

　　5.It is ____ who should be blamed.

　　A.forests

　　B.wind

　　C.rain

　　D.all the people

　　Passage 4四、完形填空

　　阅读短文，填入文中所缺的单词。

　　Dear Editor,

　　I used to be a doctor in the childrens department of a local1.Sometimes I treated children2have been poisoned (中毒) by medicine for older family members.The children can easily3the bottle that we now use in China.

　　Some days ago I talked about medicine4an American.He showed5a plastic pill bottle that is “Childproof”(预防儿童误服的).The design was6simple that I'm sure our Chinese factories could produce these7easily.The top of the bottle locks, but can be8by pressing down on it while turning.This is9for most young children to do, 10adults can open them without any difficulty.

　　I'm certain that the expense of making such tops would be very low.As a doctor, I'd love to see this done.And most parents would be grateful.

　　A reader

　　Passage 1

　　本文是一篇幽默小品文，文中讲述了一位足球教练带着妻子和三个孩子一起去看电影，进入影院就有六名观众在鼓掌，这位教练认为他们或许在电视上看过他的比赛而认识他，不料其中的一位观众却告诉他：影院规定至少有十人买了电影票，电影才能放映。

　　1.D。由第一段第二句可知：由于下雨,足球教练Joe Smith 和他的家人不能外出做一些有趣的事情。

　　2.B。由第二段第二句可知：他们到达影院时，灯还亮着，电影还没上演。

　　3.A。由第二段最后一句可知：Joe Smith 对其他观众微笑，并且跟他的妻子说的话，都表明Joe Smith对这六位观众向他表示欢迎很高兴。

　　4.B。Joe Smith一家五口人进入影院前只有六位观众，进入影院后当然有11人。

　　5.C。由本文最后的句子可知：实际上电影院里的六位观众欢迎这位教练，是因为若有十人买了票，影院才会放电影。

　　Passage 2

　　本文讲述了一位富人遇到一位九十岁的老年人正在挖坑，打算种植一棵无花果小树，这位富人认为老人岁数大了，无法活到无花果树结果的时候，但这位老人谈了自己非常有道理的看法，使那位富人深受感动。

　　1.F。这篇故事中那位富人正在与种无花果树的老人交谈，交谈完后离去了，并非正在帮助老人植树。

　　2.F。那位富人对九十岁的老人还种植一棵小无花果树而感到惊奇。

　　3.F。富人小时候能吃到无花果是先人们种植的无花果树结的，但并没有说是他父亲种的。

　　4.T。由文中“Our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”可知此句陈述正确。

　　5.F。这篇故事告诉了我们这位老人为后人做些有益的事情，反映出他高尚的品质。

　　Passage 3

　　本文通过对人类大量砍伐树木用于建房、制作家具等方面的叙述，指出了世界上森林面积越来越少的现状有人为破坏的因素，也有人口增长过快的因素。

　　1.C。可直接从原文第一句找到答案。

　　2.A。可直接从原文第二段第一句找到答案。

　　3.D。可直接从原文第三段第二句找到答案。

　　4.B。可直接从原文第三段第四句找到答案。句中 “Soon there is nothing but sand.”的意思是“很快除了沙子之外就再也没有其他东西了”。nothing but意思是“除了……之外没有其他东西”。

　　5.D。本句意思是“应当受责备的人正是所有的人”。“It is…that／who…”句型是强调句，意思是 “正是……”。

　　Passage 4

　　本文是一位过去当过医生的读者写给一位编辑的信。信中主要讲述了这位读者根据自己作为儿科医生时经常遇到一些儿童误食成年人吃的药而中毒的经历，向编辑提出应倡导中国工厂生产出一些像一位美国人给他看的一种预防儿童误服的药瓶来。

　　1.hospital。过去这位读者是一位医生，当然在一家医院里工作。

　　2.who/that。此处考查定语从句的引导词，因为先行词是人——children，故引导词应为who/that。

　　3.open。孩子误食成人的药中毒的原因是他们能很容易地打开药瓶。

　　4.with/to。根据句意可知：这位读者几天前跟一位美国人谈论药的问题。

　　5.me。

　　6.so。so…that表示“如此……以致于……”。

　　7.bottles。由前文可知描述的是一种防止儿童打开的塑料药瓶，故此处表示这位读者相信中国工厂能生产这样的药瓶。

　　8.opened。药瓶瓶盖封闭着，但是当旋转瓶盖向下按时，瓶盖就能打开。此处考察了含情态动词的被动语态 “情态动词+be+过去分词”。

　　9.hard/difficult。防止儿童打开的药瓶对儿童而言很难打开瓶盖。

　　10.but/though/although。前后两句的意思有一种转折关系。

　　1.…they would not show the film until at least ten people bought tickets.直到至少十人买了票，他们才放电影。(Line 17,Passage 1)

　　not…until表示 “直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，常与after, when, before 引导的时间状语从句进行同义句转换。例如：

　　He left the classroom after he finished his homework.(改为同义句)

　　He didnt leave the classroom until he finished his homework.

　　2.They are made of wood.它们(椅子)是由木头制成的。(Line12,Passage 3)

　　be made of 和be made from 都有 “由……制成的”之意，但be made of 表示由制成品能直接看出原材料，原材料发生了物理变化；be made from 表示由制成品看不出原材料，原材料发生了化学变化，例如：

　　This bottle is made of glass.这个瓶子是由玻璃制成的。

　　Paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。

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