英语辅导:初二(上)学生英语作业“病历”档案 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/03/02 10:22 英语辅导报 |
Hello, nice to see you again!今天我们一起来分类例析同学们在学习初二英语时常犯的错误,希望大家能从中受益。 I. “蛇足”类错题例析 1. 虽然天正下着大雨,但战士们还是继续行军。 Though / Although it was raining hard, but the soldiers went on walking. (×) Though / Although it was raining hard, the soldiers went on walking. (√) It was raining hard, but the soldiers went on walking. (√) [解析] 汉语里“虽然……,但是…… ”、“因为……,所以……”等连词总是成对出现,但英语表达习惯上though (although)和but;because和so只能择一而用,不能两者同时使用。 2. 这只箱子太重了,他搬不动。 The box is too heavy for him to carry it.(×) The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) [解析] 误句The box is too heavy for him to carry it.的主语是the box, 句末的it和主语the box重复,应省略。 II. 语序类错题例析 3. 孩子们,我有一些重要的事情要告诉你们。 Boys and girls, I have important something to tell you. (×) Boys and girls, I have something important to tell you. (√) [解析] 初一时我们学过,形容词作定语修饰名词时,形容词要放在被修饰名词之前,如:a new book。但形容词修饰something , anything , nothing等不定代词时,形容词则要放在这些不定代词之后。 4. 看!公共汽车来了。 这是你的钢笔,给你! Look! The bus comes here. (×) This is your pen, here are you. (×) Look! Here comes the bus. (√) This is your pen, here you are. (√) [解析] 在以here, there等副词开头的句子中,当句子的主语是名词时,为了强调句子中的主语,要用倒装语序,即用“Here / There +动词+名词”结构。 5. 这是你的大衣,快把它穿好! Here is your coat, put on it!( ×) Here is your coat, put it on!( √ ) [解析] put on (穿上) , pick up (拾起) , put away (收拾)等“动词 + 副词”结构的短语动词后接名词作宾语时,名词可放在副词之前,也可放在副词之后,如:Put on the coat. = Put the coat on.但当这类短语动词后接代词作宾语时,代词只能放在动词和副词之间。 III. 主谓不一致类错题例析 6. 我们每个人都有一本英语书。 We each has an English book. ( ×) We each have an English book. ( √ ) Each of us has an English book. ( √ ) [解析] each of... 意为“…… 中的每一个”,强调个体,当它作句子主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。而each 与复数主语连用作同位语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。 7. 这位作家兼音乐家下星期将来参观我校。 The writer and the musician is coming to visit our school next week. ( ×) The writer and musician is coming to visit our school next week. ( √ ) [解析] 两个表示职业的名词并列时,若排在后面的那个名词前没有冠词,表示这个句子的主语是一人身兼二职;若有冠词 ,则表示这个句子的主语是两个从事不同职业的人。如:the writer and the musician译为“那个作家和那个音乐家”(两人),the writer and musician译为“那个作家兼音乐家”(一人)。 IV. 逻辑类错题例析 8. 上海是中国最大的城市。 Shanghai is larger than any city in China. ( ×) Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. ( √ ) [解析] 例9误句中的“any city in China”同时也包括了上海这座城市, 同一事物之间不能作比较,只有在city 前加上other才表示上海和中国的其它城市来比较。 9. 广州的天气比北京的天气更暖和。 The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. ( ×) The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing. ( √ ) [解析] 在表示比较级的句子中,句子的两个比较对象必须一致,不同的比较对象不能作比较。例10中误句的比较对象分别为the weather in Guangzhou和in Beijing这两个不同类的事物不能作比较,应用代词that替代the weather。 V. 受汉语影响错题例析 10. 海伦1995年嫁给了杰夫。 Helen married with Jeff in 1995.( ×) Helen married Jeff in 1995. ( √ ) [解析] marry 是一个及物动词,后面直接跟宾语,“和……结婚”用英语表达为marry sb, 而很多同学受汉语的影响,会把“和……结婚”英译为 marry with sb, 这是不对的,要注意纠正。 11. 他不喜欢体育和英语。 He doesn't like P.E. and English. ( ×) He doesn't like P.E. or English. ( √ ) [解析] 肯定句中表示“……和……”要用... and... ,在否定句中表示这种意义要用...or... 。 12. 多么大的一场雪啊! What a big snow it is! ( ×) What a heavy snow it is!( √ ) [解析] 表示风、雨、雪的“大”不能用big来形容,而要用heavy。 13. 明天晚上将在人民影院上映一部新的影片 。 There is going to have a new film in the People's Cinema tomorrow evening. ( ×) There is going to be a new film in the People's Cinema tomorrow evening. ( √ ) [解析] 一般将来时用在 There be 句式中时,be going to 后的动词原形只能用动词原形be , 也就是说要用There is / are going to be... 而不用There is/are going to have ... 。 (文/刘洪生;英语通2004年第12期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |