无论是写作还是翻译时，只要一提到“重要”脑子里闪现的就是“important”？想表达“许多”第一反应就是“many”？同学，如果我说对了的话，那么你的词汇量还只是停留在初中水平！可是随着四六级写作和翻译这两个模块难度的不断提升，如果你不更新你的词汇量，那么你的作文肯定不会得到一个漂亮的分数。

　　事情(thing [θɪŋ])

　　business [ˈbɪznəs]

　　【例句】I've got some unfinished business to attend to。

　　【翻译】我还有一些未完的事要处理。

　　issue ['ɪʃuː]

　　【例句】Is it right for the Church to express a view on political issues?

　　【翻译】教会对政治问题发表看法是否恰当？

　　affair [ə'feə]

　　【例句】The government has mishandled the whole affair。

　　【翻译】政府对整个事件处理不当。

　　matter ['mætə]

　　【例句】Until the matter is resolved the athletes will be ineligible to compete。

　　【翻译】除非这个问题得以解决，否则这些运动员没有资格参加比赛。

　　优点(advantage [əd'vɑːntɪdʒ])

　　virtue ['vɜːtjuː]

　　【例句】The chair has the virtue of being adjustable。

　　【翻译】这种椅子具有可调节的优点。

　　merit ['merɪt]

　　【例句】They have been persuaded of the merits of peace。

　　【翻译】他们被劝服，认识到了和平的好处。

　　benefit ['benɪfɪt]

　　【例句】The benefit of an x-ray far outweighs the minutely increased risk of cancer。

　　【翻译】X光检查的好处远远大于其在很小程度上增加的罹患癌症的风险。

　　缺点 (disadvantage [dɪsəd'vɑːntɪdʒ])

　　shortcoming ['ʃɔːtkʌmɪŋ]

　　【例句】Marriages usually break down as a result of the shortcomings of both partners。

　　【翻译】婚姻常因为配偶双方的缺点而破裂。

　　drawback ['drɔ,bæk]

　　【例句】He felt the apartment's only drawback was that it was too small。

　　【翻译】他觉得这个公寓唯一的缺点就是太小了。

　　defect ['diːfekt]

　　【例句】A report has pointed out the defects of the present system。

　　【翻译】一份报告指出了当前体制存在的毛病。

　　demerit [diː'merɪt]

　　【例句】The committee are looking at the merits and demerits of the proposal。

　　【翻译】委员会正在评判该提议的优缺点。

　　错误 (mistake [mɪ'steɪk])

　　fault [fɔːlt]

　　【例句】It is a big fault to think that you can learn how to manage people in business school。

　　【翻译】以为在商学院[微博]能学会如何管理人是一大错误。

　　error ['erə]

　　【例句】She went through the typescript carefully to eliminate all errors from it。

　　【翻译】她认真地检查了打字稿， 排除了所有的错误。

　　fallacy ['fæləsɪ]

　　【例句】It exposes the fallacy of short-term industrial gain at long-term environmental expense。

　　【翻译】这暴露了以长久的环境破坏为代价换取短期工业利益的错误。

　　名声(fame [feɪm])

　　reputation [repjʊ'teɪʃ(ə)n]

　　【例句】He tried to lie away her reputation。

　　【翻译】他极力以谎言毁损她的名誉。

　　renown [rɪ'naʊn]

　　【例句】His renown has spread throughout the country。

　　【翻译】他的名声已传遍全国。

　　prestige [pre'stiː(d)ʒ](强调好的名声)

　　【例句】Their products enjoy ever higher prestige in the world market。

　　【翻译】他们的产品在世界市场上享有越来越高的声誉。

　　能力 (ability [ə'bɪlɪtɪ])

　　capacity [kə'pæsɪtɪ]

　　【例句】Her mental capacity and temperament are as remarkable as his。

　　【翻译】她的才智和气质和他一样出众。

　　capability [keɪpə'bɪlɪtɪ]

　　【例句】Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability。

　　【翻译】他难以胜任组织整个部门的任务。

　　competence ['kɒmpɪt(ə)ns]

　　【例句】This mess is a poor reflection on his competence。

　　【翻译】这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。

　　顶点(top [tɒp])

　　climax ['klaɪmæks]

　　【例句】It was the climax to 24 hours of growing anxiety。

　　【翻译】24小时里不断加重的焦虑在那一刻达到顶点。

　　peak [piːk]

　　【例句】Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the morning。

　　【翻译】上午8、9点钟之间是交通高峰期。

　　zenith ['zɛnɪθ]

　　【例句】His career is now at its zenith。

　　【翻译】他的事业现在处于鼎盛时期。

（来源：有道学堂）