2018年6月英语四级第一套卷真题及答案(11)

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage。

　　You probably know about the Titanic， but it was actually just one of three state-of-the art （最先进的） ocean ships back in the day。 The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company。 The Olympic class included the Olympic， the Britannic and the Titanic。 What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn’t even the flagship of this class。 All in all， the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering， but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates。

　　The Olympic launched first in 1910， followed by the Titanic in 1911， and lastly the Britannic in 1914。 The ships had nine decks， and White Star Line decided to focus on marking them the most luxurious ships on the water。

　　Stretching 269.13 meters， the Olympic class ship were wonders of naval technology， and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time。 However， all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas。 The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did， but it was the only one survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years。 The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912。 Following this disaster， the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well。

　　Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck。 Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship‘s smoke stacks， but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose。 While two of these ship sank， they were all designed with double hulls （船体） believed to make them “unsinkable”， perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic’s and the Britannic‘s tragic end。

　　The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World WarⅠ。 Eventually， she was taken out of service in 1935， ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners。

　　51。 What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships？

　　A） They performed marvelously on the sea。

　　B） They could all break the ice in their way。

　　C） They all experienced terrible misfortunes。

　　D） They were models of modern engineering。

　　52。 What did White Star line have in mind when it purchased the three ships？

　　A） Their capacity of sailing across all waters。

　　B） The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy。

　　C）Their ability to survive disasters of any kind。

　　D）The long voyages they were able to undertake。

　　53。 What is said about the fourth stack of the ships？

　　A） It was a mere piece of decoration。

　　B） It was the work of a famous artist。

　　C） It was designed to let out extra smoke。

　　D） It was easily identifiable from afar。

　　54。 What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic？

　　A） Their unscientific designs。

　　B） Their captains’ misjudgment。

　　C） The assumption that they were built with the latest technology。

　　D） The belied that they could never sink with a double-layer body。

　　55。 What happened to the ship Olympic in the end？

　　A） She was used to carry troops。

　　B） She was sunk in World War I。

　　C） She was converted into a hospital ship。

　　D） She was retired after her naval service。

　　51。 C） They all experienced terrible misfortunes。

　　解析：题干关键词the three Olympic class ships。根据顺序原则回原文定位到第一段最后一句话 “All in all， the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering， but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates。”重点在but转折后，文意这三艘船似乎都被诅咒遭遇遭遇灾难性的命运。故答案选择C.terrible misfortunes是 disastrous fates的同义转换。

　　52。 B） The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy。

　　解析：题干大意白星航运公司在购买三艘船时考虑到了什么？定位句：“White Star Line decided to focus on marking them the most luxurious ships on the water。”想要他们成为水上最奢华的船。据此答案选择B。

　　53。 A） It was a mere piece of decoration。

　　解析：根据关键词 the fourth stack of the ships。定位到“but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose。 ”文意第四个栈有艺术感但是没有任何功能性的用途。故答案选择A。

　　54。 A） Their unscientific designs。

　　解析：题干大意是什么可能导致了Titanic和Britannic的悲剧。定位到原文 “they were all designed with double hulls （船体） believed to make them “unsinkable”， perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic‘s and the Britannic’s tragic end。” 故选择A，正是这种不科学的设计导致其覆亡。原文double hulls指双船体，选项D中为double layer body为双层船体，二者不是同一概念，故排除选项D。

　　55。 D） She was retired after her naval service。

　　解析：问题奥林匹克船最后发生了什么。定位句“Eventually， she was taken out of service in 1935。”taken out of service和retired 同义词转换，故选择D。

　　Part IV Translation （30 minutes）

　　Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English。 You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2。

　　公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。

　　[译文]Buses used to be the main means of transportation for Chinese people。 In recent years， due to the increasing number of private cars， traffic problems in cities have become increasingly severe。 In order to encourage more people to travel by bus， many cities have been trying to improve the quality of bus service。 The facilities of buses are constantly being updated， and the speed has also been increased significantly， while bus fares are still quite low。 Nowadays， in most cities， many local elderly citizens can take buses for free。

　　[解析]

　　① 公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。

　　第一句句式为简单的主系表，“曾是”用used to be表示。词汇方面注意主语“公交车”为可数名词需要用复数形式buses，“交通工具”用vehicle/means of transportation/transportation tool均可。

　　Buses used to be the main means of transportation for Chinese people。

　　② 近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。

　　第二句句式也为主系表，使用“become”比be动词更能体现出变化。词汇方面“私家车”用private cars即可，“越来越”可用副词increasingly表示。

　　In recent years， due to the increasing number of private cars， traffic problems in cities have become increasingly severe。

　　③ 许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。

　　第三句中两个动词，第一个动词前有“为了”自然使用动词不定式表示目的，可用短语“in order to”引导放在句首，第二个动词为主句谓语动词，主谓宾结构，注意“一直”需要翻译成现在完成进行时。

　　In order to encourage more people to travel by bus， many cities have been trying to improve the quality of bus service。

　　④ 车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。

　　⑤ 然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。

　　第四句主语为“设施”，动词为“更新“，设施不能自己“更新”，所以需要使用被动句，后半个分句同理，做并列句处理即可，注意“不断”需要翻译成进行时，“有了”处理成现在完成时。词汇方面副词“显著”如果不会，译成“greatly”也无妨。第五句“然而”转折对比，可直接用连词while跟前句连接合成一句形成长句，票价“是”低廉的，用主系表结构表示。

　　The facilities of buses are constantly being updated， and the speed has also been increased significantly， while bus fares are still quite low。

　　⑥ 现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。

　　第六句为主谓宾结构，“老年市民”用senior citizens/elderly citizens均可，注意尽量不要使用old people。

　　Nowadays， in most cities， many local elderly citizens can take buses for free。

　　来源：新东方