GRE考试中的有中国特色的常用词汇 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/09/08 10:34 寄托天下 |
作者:carrot2000 A. AA制Dutch treatment; go Dutch 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) 爱丽舍宫Elysée Palace 安居工程Housing Project for low-income families 按成本要素计算的国民经济总值GNP at factor cost 按揭贷款mortgage loan 按劳分配distribution according to one's performance 暗恋unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly 暗亏hidden loss 澳门大三巴牌坊Ruins of St. Paul 奥姆真理教Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult B. 巴黎证券交易所Paris Bourse 把握大局grasp the overall situation 白马王子Prince Charming 白色行情表white sheet 白色农业white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture" It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.) 白手起家starting from scratch 白条IOU note, IOU:债款、债务,由I owe you的读音缩略转义而来白雪公主Snow White 摆架子put on airs 摆谱儿put on airs; show off; keep up appearances 拜把兄弟sworn brothers 拜年pay New Year call 搬迁户relocated families 半拉子工程uncompleted project 棒球运动记者scribe 傍大款(of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags 包干到户work contracted to households 包干制overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash 包工包料contract for labor and materials 保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股keep the State-held shares 保健食品health-care food 保理业务factoring business 保护性关税protective tariffs 保税区the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area 保证重点支出ensure funding for priority areas 保值储蓄inflation-proof bank savings 报国计划的实施implementation of Dedicator's Project 北欧投资银行Nordic Investment Bank 本本主义bookishness 《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica 本垒打circuit clout, four-master, round trip 本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 蹦极bungee, bungee jumping 避免“大而全”的重复建设avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping) construction of "small and all inclusive projects" 逼上梁山be driven to drastic alternatives 比较经济学comparative economics 比上不足,比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 闭门羹given cold-shoulder 边际报酬marginal return 边缘科学boundary science 变相涨价disguised inflation 便携式电脑portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 标书bidding documents 表演赛demonstration match 剥夺冠军strip the gold medal of somebody 博彩(业)lottery industry 博士生Ph.D candidate 补缺选举by-election 补贴与反补贴措施subsidies and countervailing measures 布达拉宫Potala Palace 布雷顿森林体系Bretton Woods system 不败记录clean record, spotless record 不承诺放弃使用武器not undertake to renounce the use of force 不打不成交No discord, no concord. 不到长城非好汉He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result 《不见不散》Be there or be square. 不可再生资源non-renewable resources 不良贷款non-performing loan 不夜城sleepless city, ever-bright city 不正之风bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency 不准打白条No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs) 步行天桥foot bridge C. 擦边球edge ball, touch ball 擦网球net ball 采取高姿态show magnanimity 采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market “菜篮子”工程the "shopping basket' project (program) 参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs 沧海桑田Seas change \into\ mulberry fields and mulberry fields change \into\ seas--time brings great changes to the world. What was once the sea has now changed \into\ mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time. 仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket 草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass) 层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting 差额投票differential voting 差额选举competitive election 茶道sado 查房make/go the rounds of the wards 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition 搀水股票water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value) 禅dhyana 产粮大省granary province 产量比1997年增加了2倍the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997 产品结构product mix 产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management 产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order 产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing 产业的升级换代upgrading of industies 产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure 长二捆LM-2E 长江三角洲Yangtze River delta 长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe 长线产品product in excessive supply 厂长经理负责制the factory director (manager) responsibility system 畅通工程"Smooth Traffic Project" 畅销产品marketable products; products with good market commodities in short supply goods in great demand. 唱高调mouth high-sounding words 超高速巨型计算机giant ultra-high-speed computer 超前消费overconsuming, excessive consumption 彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force 城市规划city's landscaping plan; urban planning 城市中年雅皮士muppie (一批中年专业人士,附庸风雅,矫揉造作cutesification, 崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification,攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风,由 middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成) 城乡信用社credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas 吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot" 吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government 重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects 抽杀成功hit through 筹备委员会preparatory committee 出风头show off;in the limelight 出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports 出口加工区export processing zones 出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate 出口退税refunding export taxes 出口转内销domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports 出家pravrajana; cloister 传销multi level marketing 窗口行业various service trades 创建卫生城市:build a nationally advanced clean city 创汇产品foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts 创业园high-tech business incubator; pioneer park 吹风会(advanced) briefing 春蕾计划Spring Buds Program 春运(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival 《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals 磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train 刺激内需stimulate domestic demand 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 此地无银三百两A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 粗放式管理extensive management 促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy 促进富余人员合理流动promote a rational flow of surplus personnel 促进住房商品化promote the commercialization of housing存款保证金guaranty money for deposits D. 大包干all-round responsibility system; lump-sum appropriations operation 达到或接近国际先进水平reach or approach advanced international standards 打破地区封锁和行业垄断break regional blockades and trade monopolies 呆帐与坏帐stagnant debts and bad debts non performing funds 道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9580点the Dow Jones industrial index average soared to 9580 points 当日指数已1120点收盘the index closed finished ended at 120 on that day 第三产业third/tertiary industry, service sector, third sequence of enterprises 第四产业quaternary/information industry 第一/第二/第三产业the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service sector) “豆腐渣”工程a jerry-built project 东亚金融危机the southeast Asian Financial crisis (turmoil) 毒品走私drug trafficking 对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革to corporatize large and medium-sized State- owned (state-owned, state) enterprises E. 厄尔尼诺El Nino 恶性肿瘤malignant tumor 恶性循环vicious circle 遏制通货膨胀curb (check, curtail) the inflation F. 法轮功Falun Gong Cult 发行股票、债券issue shares and bonds 发扬优良传统carry forward the fine traditions 发优惠券以促销issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales 发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视develop literature, the arts, the press, publications, radio, film and television; promote literature and art, the press and publishing, radio, film and television 发展新兴产业和高技术产业develop rising and high-tech industries 发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业develop animal husbandry (livestock farming), aquaculture and forestry 反对铺张浪费oppose/combat extravagance and waste 反倾销anti-dumping 防暴警察riot police 防止经济过热prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy) 防止国有资产流失prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets 防止泡沫经济avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in economy) 分流下岗人员争取再就业redirect laid-off workers for reemployment 扶贫、脱贫poverty reduction and elimination 妇幼保健maternity and child care G. 改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师the chief architect of China's reform, opening and modernization drive 改进产业结构和产品结构improve the industrial pattern and product mix 该公司股票已经上市the stock of the company have been listed (have gone public, have been launched) 赶上或超过国际先进水平catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels 高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory 各族人民people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups) 个体户self-employed households /people 个人所得税individual income tax 个体工商业者individual industrialists and businessman 公务员public servants; civil servants; government functionaries; government employees 股份合作制the joint stock cooperative system 股份制the joint stock system 股票热降温了the stock craze has abated 股市指数the stock market (exchange) index 股市指数突破1300点大关the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark 股指暴跌,跌幅7.8%,以14.3元探底the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan 鼓励兼并,规范破产encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures 规模经济,减轻就业压力to ease the pressure of employment (the employment pressure) 国防科技defence-related science and technology 国际大都市cosmopolis 国家指定考试government-mandated test 国家主席/总理/副总理/国务委员/部长/省长/厅、局长/县长/处长/科长/乡长/村民委 员会主任president/premier/vice premier/state councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/ chairman of the village committee 国家公务员制度the system of public services 国内生产总值/国民生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product) 国事访问a state visit 恒生指数(香港)宽幅震荡the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently 获薄利earn (make) narrow profits 获厚利earn (make, reap) substantial profits H. 海市蜃楼,镜花水月,无稽之谈a mare’s nest 海湾战争综合症the complexities of the Gulf War 函授大学correspondence university 旱地滑雪场mock skiing park 汉字处理软件Chinese character processing software 航母aircraft carrier 豪赌unrestrained gambling 好事不出门,恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 好出风头的运动员exhibitionist, grandstander 好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster "好球" "Strike" 和服Kimono 合理引导消费guide rational consumption 合议庭collegiate bench 核销cancel after verification 黑店gangster inn 黑客hacker 黑社会Mafia-style organizations; gangland 宏观调控macro-control 红包(中)red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback 《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone) 红帽子企业red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise) 红细胞生成素Erythropoietin (EPO) 环太平洋地区Pacific Rim 后防空虚leave the defense exposed 后台管理back-stage management 呼啦圈hu la hoop 胡子工程long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded) 虎父无犬子A wise goose never lays a tame egg. 互动广告interactive advertisement 户口簿residence booklet 户口管理制度domicile system, residence registration system 户主head of a household 护身法宝amulet 华表ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele 华盖canopy 滑板车scooter "坏球" "Ball" 还俗resume secular life, unfrock "黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking 黄金时段prime time (吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state 挥棒swing 挥棒不中fan 灰色收入income from moonlighting 汇丰银行Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation 婚介所matrimonial agency 婚外恋extramarital love 活到老,学到老One is never too old to learn. 火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 货币化monetization 货币回笼withdrawal of currency from circulation 货到付款cash on delivery J. 基础设施工程第一期the first phase of the infrastructure project 积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories) 缉毒队narcotics squad 计划生育family planning (birth control) 积极培育新的经济增长点actively cultivate new points of economic growth 技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital- intensive/knowledge-intensive industries 技术更新/改造technological updating /renovation 计算机2000年问题Y2Kproblem (y for year, k for kilo or thousand) 加强税收政策tighten tax collection 加强物质文明和精神文明的建设foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress 加强优生、优育improve prenatal and postnatal care 加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements 艰苦创业的精神the hardworking and enterprising spirit 减轻农民负担lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers) 建设性战略伙伴关系a constructive strategic partnership 减员增效increase efficiency by downsizing staff 解决他们的温饱问题provide them with adequate food and clothing 解困基金anti-poverty funds 今年第一季度产量比去年同期增长了12.5% the production increased 12.5% between January and March compared the corresponding period (the same time ) last year 金融机构financial institutions 精兵之路fewer but better troops 经济发展全球化的趋势the globalization trend in economic development 经济法制化to manage economic affairs according to law; to put economic operation on a legal basis 经济技术开发区an economic and technological development zone 经济市场化/私有化the mercerization/privatization of the economy 经济特区a special economic zone 经济体制改革economic restructuring 经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺an economic depression (slump, recession)/an economic takeoff/an economic boom 经济转轨switch to a market economy 精简各级政府机构streamline government departments at all levels 精品competitive products 竞争意识competitive spirit 九届二次全国人民代表大会the second session of the 9th National People's Congress 就业前和在职培训pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training 纠正行业不正之风rectify malpractice in various trades 军嫂military spouse K. 科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute the primary productive force. 科教兴国战略the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) China through science and education 克隆clone 扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入the annual per-captia income in real terms (allowing for inflation ) 跨国公司transnational corporation (transactional, multinational corporation ,multinational) 扩大/缩小地区发展差距widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/localities in terms of development L. 劳务输出export of labor services 劳务招聘会a labor fair; a job fair 联防community/team policing 连续五年丰收bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in row for five years running for five years on end for the fifth consecutive year) 练摊to be a vendor (do business) 乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派的现象依然很严重Arbitrary collection of charges, abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionment (arbitrary quotas) are still rampant. M. 盲流和倒流人员jobless migrants from rural areas to cities, influx from the countryside 美圆对日圆全面升值the system of pegging the currency to the US dollar 名牌产品famous-brand products ,brand named product 民族问题the ethnic minority issue 母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处the parent company /subsidiary/branch/branch/representative office N. 耐用消费品consumer durables 内耗in-fighting 农副业产品agricultural (farm) and sideline products 农村/城市信用合作社rural/urban credit cooperatives 牛市/熊市a bull/bear market O. 欧元Euro P. 派出所local police station 跑龙套utility man, play a bit role, general handyman 泡沫经济bubble economy 配股allotment of shares 配套政策supporting policies 培养跨世纪人才bring up (foster) cross-century (trans-century) specialists 棚户shacks; family that live in shacks 碰钉子get snubbed 碰头会brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.) 疲软股票soft stock 皮包公司bogus company 啤酒肚beer belly 票贩子scalper, ticket tout 票房box office 骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 拼图jigsaw 贫富悬殊polarization of rich and poor 贫铀弹depleted uranium bomb 平均主义equalitarianism 平面设计师graphic designer 评头论足nit-pick 瓶颈制约“bottleneck”restrictions 扑网(体) rush-up, rushing 普选制general election system Q. 妻管严丈夫hen-pecked husband 取消“大锅饭”give up the practice of "eating from the same big pot" abolish egalitarianism 取消福利分房abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of public housing 全球变暖global warming 全面投产开工go \into\ (enter ) full operation; be full operation; be fully operational 拳头产品knockout product or competitive product 缺少流动资金a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital) 裙带经济crony economy R. 人才competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists 人才市场the personnel market 人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平The average per-capita GNP will reach the standard of moderately developed countries. 人民币对美圆汇率稳定the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD 人民币贬值的压力the devaluation pressure on RMB 人均住房per-capita housing 日经指数跌至今年最低点the Nikkei Index fell to a record low for the year. 融资financing; fund-raising S. 三角恋爱love triangle 三角债chain debts 三陪服务escort service 傻瓜相机Instamatic INSTA(NT)+(AUTO)MATIC 商品房空置的现象the vacancy problem in commercial housing 商品粮基地a commodity grain production base 商业银行commercial banks 上海证券交易所the Shanghai Securities Exchange 社会生活social activities 社会治安情况law-and-order situation 生活物价指数the cost of living index/the price index 谁控股?Who holds the controlling shares? 实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制practice the system of director-general responsibility under the leadership of board of the bored of directors. 使经济进一步市场化make the economy more market-oriented 使大中型企业摆脱困境extricate (free) the large and medium-sized state- owned enterprises from predicament 实体经济the real economy 售后服务after sale service 死胡同blind alley 私人企业private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign financed foreign- owned) enterprises T. 提高军队在高科技条件下的作战能力improve the army combat capabilities under high-tech conditions 提高综合国力improve the overall national strength (the overall strength of the country) 投诉lodge a complaint, register a beef 投诉热线dial-a-cheat confidential hotline 投资热点a region attractive to investors, a much-sought piece of land, popular investment spot 推进国民经济信息化try to informationize the national economy 推进政府机构改革restructure government institutions 脱贫致富cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity W. 外交豁免权diplomatic immunity 外商独资企业wholly (solely ) foreign-owned enterprises 外向型经济/城市an export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented city, an international city 外资overseas investment 外资企业foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign financed ,foreign- owned) enterprises . X. 下海go \into\ business 小康水平the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively comfortable standard of living 消除两极分化,最终达到共同富裕eliminate polarization and ultimately achieve common prosperity Y. 沿着有中国特色的社会主义道路阔步前进take great strides along the road to socialism with Chinese characteristics 摇头丸dancing outreach 依法收税levy taxes according the law 一次付清pay in full 一次消费one-time-consumption 一次成像照片a Polaroid picture 一次偿还信贷non-installment 一次性杯子sanitary cup 一次性筷子disposable chopsticks 一次性收入lump-sum payment 一次用包装non-returnable container 一次性汇款lump-sum payment 一次性拖鞋disposable slippers 一蹶不振的B股市场a sluggish B-share market 以经济建设为中心take economic construction as the central task 隐形就业unregistered employment; veiled re-employment 隐形眼镜contact lens 有价证券投资portfolio investment 拥军优属preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs 拥有至少50%的股份hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity 由于资源不足,必须实施可持续发展战略We must adopt the strategy of sustainable development owing to the limited resources. 与国际接轨be geared to international standards; be brought in line with international practice (norms) 与美圆的联系汇率the system of pegging the currency to the U.S. dollar 育龄夫妇couples of child-bearing age Z. 增加财政收入increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue) 增殖税the value-added tax (VAT) 掌上明珠the apple of one's eye 正常贸易关系Normal Trade Relations 政策银行policy bank 政企分开separate administrative functions from enterprises management separate administration from management 振兴支柱产业invigorate pillar industries 振兴中华the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese nation 支持强强联合,实现优势互补support association between strong enterprises so that they can take advantage of each other's strengths 智囊团、思想库the brain trust (think tank) 执行通货紧缩政策pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of deflation) 支援灾区(灾民);救灾provide relief to disaster-stricken areas (people) 制约check and supervision 中共十五大the 15th National Congress of the CPC 中外合资100强the top 100 Sino-foreign (Chinese-foreign) joint ventures 重视老龄化问题attach importance to the problem of population aging (the aging population) 昼夜服务round-the-clock service 主体经济principal sector of the economy; the mainstay of the economy 滞销货unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product 抓大放小manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones 总产值创最高历史记录total output value hit a record high (an all-time high) 综合指数停止下滑,上升28点,达到671点the composite stopped the declining momentum, gaining 28 points to 671 最终实现人民币的自由兑换the free convertibility of the RMB will evenly be instituted the RMB will finally become a convertible currency |
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