CET-4中的分词、独立结构试题解析 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/01/20 09:22 英语辅导报 |
1.Don't get your schedule _______;stay with us in this class. (1996.1-42) A)to change B)changing C)changed D)change 2._______ the earth to be flat,many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.(1996.6-22) A)Having believed B)Believing C)Believed D)Being believed 3.After the Arab States won independence,great emphasis was laid on expanding education,with girls as well as boys _______ to go to school.(1997.1-26) A)to be encouraged B)been encouraged C)being encouraged D)be encouraged 4._______,a m an who expresses him self effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a m an whose com m and of language is poor. (1997.6-56) A)Other things being equal B)To be equal to other things C)Were other things equal D)Other things to be equal 5.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free,tax-supported schools must be established in every town _______ 50 households or m ore.(1998.1-36) A)having B)to have C)to have had D)having had 6.All things _______,the planned trip will have to be called off.(1998.6-49) A)considered B)be considered C)considering D)having considered 7.His remarks left me _______ about his real purpose. (1999.6-45) A)wondered B)wonder C)to wonder D)wondering 8.The house was very quiet,_______ as it was on the side of a mountain.(1999.6-48) A)isolated B)isolating C)being isolated D)having been isolated 9.This crop has similar qualities to the previous one,_______ both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil. (1999.6 -57) A)being B)been C)to be D)having been 10.Corn originated in New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _______ in Cuba.(2000.1- 45) A)being cultivated B)been cultivated C)having cultivated D)cultivating 11.The sale usually takes place outside the house,with the audience _______ on benches,chairs or boxes.(2000.1-46) A)having seated B)seating C)seated D)having been seated 12._______ in this way,the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.(2000.1 -68) A)To look at B)Looking at C)Looked at D)To be looked at 13.These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police,mainly because not all victim s report them.(2000.6- 26) A)unrecorded B)to be unrecorded C)unrecording D)to have been unrecorded 14.You will see this product _______ wherever you go. (2000.6-30) A)to be advertised B)advertised C)advertise D)advertising 15.All the tasks _______ ahead of time,they decided to go on holiday for a week. (2001.6-56) A)been fulfilled B)having been fulfilled C)were fulfilled D)had been fulfilled 16._______ in the United States,St.Louis has now become the 24th largest city. (2001.6-60) A)Being the fourth biggest city B)It was once the fourth biggest city C)Once the fourth biggest city D)The fourth biggest city it was 17.He wasn't appointed chairman of the committee,_______ not very popular with all its members.(2002.1-53) A)to be considered B)considering C)being considered D)having considered 18.Contrast m ay make something appear more beautiful than it is when _______ alone.(2002.1-61) A)seen B)is seen C)to be seen D)having been seen 19.We left the meeting,there obviously _______ no point in staying.(2002.6-58) A)were B)being C)to be D)having 20.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely _______ to the outside world.(2003.1-43) A)having been lost B)to be lost C)losing D)lost 答案、译文及解析: 1.答案:C)【译文】别改变你的计划了;留下来和我们一起上这门课吧。 【解析】get sth.done相当于have sth.done,want sth.done"希望,想要(某事)做成"。例如: I got the work finished just in time.我正好及时做完这项工作。 I must get this radio mended.我必须把这台收音机修理好。 2答案:B)【译文】由于认为地球是平的,许多人担心哥伦布会从地球边缘掉下去。 【解析】分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致,并且与句子主语是主动关系,fear和believe两个动作不存在时间上的先后,所以用现在分词的一般式。 3.答案:C)【译文】阿拉伯国家赢得独立后,十分重视发展教育,男孩和女孩都被鼓励去上学。 【解析】介词with可引出分词独立结构,表示一种陪衬性动作或补充说明。该句being encouraged中"being"可以省略。例如: Her room was on the third floor,with windows looking into the street.她的房间在3楼,窗前正对着大街。 They drove to the seaside for relaxation,with the job completed.工作完毕,他们驱车去海边放松。 4.答案:A)【译文】在其他条件相同的情况下,一个善于表达自己的人要比一个不善言谈的人能较快地获得成功。 【解析】分词独立结构作状语,该结构相当于If other things are equal。由于谓语动词的主语并非分词结构的主语,因此分词结构需要带上自己的逻辑主语。 5.答案:A)【译文】早在1647年Ohio就作出决定:在每个有50户以上居民的城镇中必须建立免费的、由财政支持的学校。 【解析】分词可以用来代替一个定语从句作定语。例如: Do you know the m an standing(=who stands)over there?你认识站在那边的那个人吗? Homework done(=that is done)can lead to better grades.按时完成作业有助于成绩的提高。 6.答案:A)【译文】考虑到所有事情,原计划的旅游将不得不取消。 【解析】分词结构作状语,相当于Because all things are considered;All things在逻辑上与consider是动宾关系,因此用表被动意义的过去分词形式,反之,则用现在分词形式。例如: His heart beating fast(=Because his heart beat fast),he slowed down.由于心跳加快,他减速了。 7.答案:D)【译文】他的话让我怀疑他的真实意图。 【解析】动词leave后直接用现在分词或过去分词作宾补。类似的动词还有find,keep等。例如: You won't find many students learning Latin now.现在你不会看到很多学生学习拉丁文了。 When he turned the corner,he found him self tailed by a m an in black.他转弯时,发现自己被一个黑衣人跟踪了。 They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们用计算机控制交通,使车辆通行无阻。 8.答案:A)【译文】这栋房子非常安静,是由于它在山麓上而被隔离开了。 【解析】根据句子结构,后半句中的主语为it,指代主句中的house,分析它和isolate的关系,应选择过去分词形式。该题中表语isolated被前置。 9.答案:A)【译文】这种农作物和先前那种有类似的特性,都抗风吹,适应于同一种土壤。 【解析】分词或分词短语可作解释性修饰语。根据句子结构,空格后通常为以下两种形式:to do sth.或doing sth.,前一种表示目的,后一种表示补充说明、伴随等。 10.答案:A)【译文】玉米源于"新大陆",直到哥伦布在古巴发现它的种植,玉米才被欧洲所知道。 【解析】从句意来看,表示"玉米被种植"应用被动语态。being cultivated表示"玉米被发现正种植在古巴",合乎语法要求。 11.答案:C)【译文】甩卖活动通常在户外进行,那时人们都坐在凳子上、椅子上或者箱子上。 【解析】with引出的分词独立结构。但seat一词比较特殊,一般用被动形式表主动意义。例如: Please be seated.(=sit down)请坐。 I glanced at the man seated next to me.(=the man who was sitting/was seated next to me)我看了一眼坐在我旁边的那个男人。 12.答案:C)【译文】这么看来,形势似乎不是那么令人失望。 【解析】分词作状语。Look和主句主语situation是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。该分词结构相当于If it is looked at in this way。例如: Accused of neglecting our study,my father sent my sister and me to a summer school.由于忽略了我们的学习而受到谴责,我父亲把我和姐姐送到了一所暑期学校。 13.答案:A)【译文】这项调查表明许多犯罪的发生并未被警方所记录,主要是因为并非所有的受害者都报警。 【解析】"go+过去分词"构成系表结构。常见的系动词还有get,become等。例如: Should a murderer go unpublished?难道凶手应该逍遥法外吗? His finger got trapped in the door.他的手指被门夹住了。 We soon became accustomed to the warmer weather.我们很快就习惯了比较暖和的天气。 14.答案:B)【译文】无论你走到哪里,都会看到这个产品的广告。 【解析】过去分词作宾语补足语。product与advertise之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态形式。 15.答案:B)【译文】由于所有的任务都提前完成了,他们决定度假一周。 【解析】分词短语作状语。由于主句的谓语动词的动作发生在分词短语所表示的动作之后,所以分词短语要用完成时。 16.答案:C)【译文】曾经是美国第四大城市的圣·路易斯现在排到了第二十四位。 【解析】现在分词短语作状语表示动作正在进行,所以若选A)则句子前后矛盾(圣·路易斯已经不再是第四大城市了);B)、D)都是句子,由于该句前后部分没有连接词,且逗号不能用来连接两个句子,因此空格处只能是一个状语。 17.答案:C)【译文】他没有被任命为委员会的主席,因为他被认为不太受委员会全体委员的欢迎。 【解析】分词结构作补充说明,表示原因。句中主语和选项中的中心词consider是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词;A项不定式表示目的或结果。 18.答案:A)【译文】对比可能使某物显得比单独看时更漂亮。 【解析】时间状语从句省略结构,该句如果复原,应为:Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when it is seen alone.句中when属连词,省略it is。 19.答案:B)【译文】我们离开了会议,很明显,继续逗留没有丝毫意义。 【解析】句中we left the meeting是主句,逗号后的句子主语与主句句子主语不一致,用独立主格结构。there be的独立结构是there being,表示补充说明或伴随状态。 20.答案:D)【译文】安娜那时正在阅读一本科幻小说,对外部世界充耳不闻。 【解析】lost to the outside world表示伴随状态,作补充说明。 (文/西南石油学院外语系魏夏春;英语通大学英语四级考试版03~04学年第11期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
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