定语从句是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法之一,也是高考题的命题热点所在.因此我们一定要重视定语从句的学习.下面通过分析历届高考题,对定语从句应注意的"热点"问题分析一下.

　　"热点"之一:that和which引导的定语从句的区别

　　典型考题:

　　1. The weather turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect.

　　A. what B. which C. that D. if

　　2. All _______ is needed is a supply of oil.

　　A. the thing B. that C. what D. which

　　分析:1-2 BB①在非限制性定语从句中通常只能用which不能用that.如题1.②在下列几种情况下通常用that不用which:1)先行词为不定代词anything, everything, all, nothing等时.如题2.2)先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时.3)先行词被no, the only, very等修饰时.4)先行词既有人又有物时.

　　"热点"之二:定语从句中的"隔离"现象

　　典型考题:

　　1. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

　　A. until B. that C. where D. when

　　2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _______ of course, made the others unhappy.

　　A. who B. which C. this D. what

　　分析:1-2 DB①因定语从句过长,为使句子保持平衡,常将定语从句和其所修饰的词分开.如题1,when引导的定语从句和先行词the hours分开.②在定语从句中使用"插入语"以增加语言的灵活性.如题2中的"of course"为插入语.

　　"热点"之三:as和which引导的定语从句的区别

　　典型考题:

　　1. _______ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　A. That B. It C. Which D. As

　　2. The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn't expected.

　　A. when B. that C. which D. what 3. _______ is mentioned above the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.

　　A. Which B. As C. That D. It

　　4. Those houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected.

　　A. like B. as C. that D. which

　　分析:1-4 DCBB①在as, which引导的非限制性定语从句中,as和which可代替整个主句,相当于and this或and that.as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前、之后或插在句中,而which引导的定语从句通常只能放在主句后面.如题1,as引导的定语从句置于句首.②as引导定语从句有"正如"、"就像"之意,具有描述性的特点,而which没有,如题2和题3.③在固定结构"such/as /so...as", "the same... as"中,用as而不用which,如题4.

　　"热点"之四:定语从句与其近似句型

　　典型考题:

　　1. It is the ability to do the job _______ matters not where you come from or what you are.

　　A. one B. that C. what D. it

　　2. You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again.

　　A. when B. where C. them D. there

　　3. She thought I was talking about her daughter, _______ in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

　　A. whom B. where C. whileD. which

　　4. Go and get your coat. It's _______ you left it.

　　A. there B. where C. there where D. where there

　　分析:1-4 BBCB在高考题和平时的练习中有一些句子像是定语从句而实际上是其他句型.如题1为强调句,that在此处不是关系代词,而是强调句中的连词.题2为状语从句,where为连接副词而非关系副词.题3为并列句,while表示"而,却".题4为表语从句,where在此是连接副词.

　　(文/罗玉南；英语辅导报高二版03~04学年度第28期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)