Lesson 5-6 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/04/01 13:56 中国人民大学出版社 |
Part one-language points Notes to the text: 1. Good morning早上好 这是营业中最常用的问候用语。以下列出一些英语中常用的问候语及其回应句。 Good moring早上好回应:Good moring Good evening晚上好回应:Good evening Good afternoon下午好回应:Good afternoon Hello你好回应:Hello Good night晚安回应:Good night 2. This is Miss Sophie Dupont.这位是索非亚-杜邦小姐。 This is后加上姓名是将某人介绍给他人时常用的句式。 eg:Sophie,this is Hans.索非亚,这位是汉斯。 And this is Lu ming.这位是鲁明。 3. Miss Sophie Dupont索非亚-杜邦小姐 Dupont是姓,Sophie是名 英语国家中人的姓和名的写法和中国不同,通常把姓写在名之后。如果是熟悉的人,可以不称姓而直接以名相称,而在正式场合中常用Mr(先生),Mrs(太太)Miss(小姐)Ms(女士)这些称呼再加上姓。如: Mr.Wang王先生;Miss Li李小姐;Mrs Wu吴太太;Ms Fang方女士 4. She is French.她是法国人。 剧中的French表示国籍,意为法国人,法国的,而France意为法国,下面例举一些国家名称及其对应的国籍。 China中国Chinese中国人 Germany德国German德国人 Japan日本Japanese日本人 Korea朝鲜Korean朝鲜人 America美国American美国人 Britain英国British英国人 Italy意大利Italian意大利人 Spain西班牙Spanish西班牙人 5. Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。 此句多用于初次与他人见面等非正式场合。回应句应为Nice to meet you, too. 意为"我也很高兴见到你"。人们在正式场合的初次见面时常用:How do you do? 回应句也是How do you do?这是一句问候语或客套话,而非问句。 6. She is Chinese,too.她也是中国人。 若是肯定句并表示也的意思时,句尾也用too。且too应用逗号隔开。 Eg: 1) Lifang is Chinese.李芳是中国人。 Liming is Chinese, too.李明也是中国人。 2) I'm ten years old.我十岁。 She is ten years old, too.她也是十岁。 注意: 3) This pen is not mine.这只钢笔不是我的 This pen is not hers, either.这只钢笔也不是他的 4) I'm not a student.我不是学生。 I'm not a student,either.我也不是学生。 请注意区别: 1:a和an 1)Sophie is a new student. Sophie是一名新学生。 2)This is an umbrella.这是一把伞。 这两个句子中出现的a/an在英语中被称为不定冠词。a和an在意义上没有区别。用a/an时,我们必须记住两条基本原则: 1:a/an有不确定的意义(即所说的人,动物或东西对听者或读者来说可能是不知道的) 2:a/an只能用于单数可数名词之前。 3:an用在第一个字母是元音的单词前面。 2:when, as, while:这三个词都可以引出时间状语从句, 1) when从句表示某时刻或一段时间 eg:1)When he left the house, I was sitting in the garden.当他离开家时,我正在院子里坐着。 2)When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock.当他到家时,正是九点钟。 2) as从句表示进展过程 eg:As he grew older, he became more intelligent.随着他年龄的增长,他变得更有才智了。 3)while只表示一段时间 eg:1)While he was in London, he studied music.当他在伦敦时,他学习音乐。 2)While she was typing the letter, the telephone rang.当她在用打字机打那封信时,电话响了。 Grammar: 1.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句不同于一般疑问句,它由疑问词如who, what, which, when, where ,whose, how, why等引导构成。结构一般为疑问词+助动词+主语等。 Who pron. (宾格whom;所有格whose):谁;哪位;的人;他[她];他[她]们 eg:1)Who is that?那是谁? 2)He is a man who is of value to the people.他是一个有益于人民的人。 3)Whom did you see?你看见谁了? 4)That's the man who came to our house yesterday.那就是昨天到过我们家来的人。 5)Who breaks pays.损坏者要赔。 What adj, pron 1)什么;多少;什么人 eg:1)What time will you come?你什么时候来? 2)Do you know what he called me?你知道他把我叫做什么吗? 我问他正在做什么,他内疚地笑笑,然后把那个包放到书桌上。 3)"What has happened?'"she asked.""出什么事了?"她问道。 4)What are you doing?你在做什么? 5)Most people know what a great scientist Edison became. 大多数人都知道爱迪生后来成了一个多么伟大的科学家。 6)What the hell do you want?你到底要什么? 7)What else did they say?他们还说了些什么? 8)"I got up at half past 6. " "What?""我六点半起床。""什么?" 2)(表示关系)(所)…的 eg:1)Everyone should do what he thinks right.每个人都应该做自己认为是正确的事。 2)I believed what she told me.我相信她和我说的话。 Which adj, pron 1)哪个 eg:1)Which do you want?你要哪个? 2)Which child knows the answer?哪个孩子知道答案? 3)Which is the largest?哪一个最大? 4)Which of you will go with me?你们哪一个跟我一起去? 2)…的那个 eg:1)the book which I like best我最喜欢的那本书 2)That is the parcel which came this morning.那就是早上送来的包裹。 When adv 1)什么时候 eg:When can you come?你什么时候能来? 2)当…的时候 eg:1)at the time when we met在我们见面的时候 2)I lived in this village when I was a boy.当我还是个孩子的时候我住在这个村庄里。 Where adv 1)什么地方 eg:1)Where did you live while you were growing up? 你长成大人时住在哪儿?你是在哪儿长大的? 2)Where are you from?你从什么地方来? 3)Where did you go?你上哪去了? 2)…的地方 eg:1)the office where I work我工作的地方。 2)This is the house where I was born.我就是出生在这幢房子里。 3)That is where we are going.我们就是去那里。 4)That is just where you are wrong.那正是你错误所在。 Whose pron. [who, which的所有格]:谁的 那个人的,他[她]的,他们[她们]的;它(们)的 eg:1)Whose book is that?那本书是谁的? 2)Tell me whose it was.告诉我这是谁的。 3)When I looked through the window I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away. 我往窗外一看,看见一个女孩子,漂亮极了,让我十分惊异。 4)This is the pen whose point is broken.这就是笔尖断了的那枝笔。 how adv 1)(疑问句中)怎样,如何 eg:1)How shall I do it?我怎样做呢? 2)How about playing a game of chess now?现在来下盘棋好吗? 3)Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule. "告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。" 4)How is he ?他近况如何? 5)How does he do it?他是怎样做的? 6)I asked how he was getting on.我问他近来怎么样。 2)(疑问句中)身体怎样 eg:1)How is your brother?你哥哥身体好吗? 2)How is your mother?你母亲身体好吗? 3)(疑问句中)多少,什么程度 eg:1)How old is he?他多大年纪? 2)How much baggage am I allowed to take?我可以带多少行李? 3)I don't know how far to rely on him.我不知道应该依靠他到什么程度。 4)How is the U.S. dollar today?今天美元市价多少? 4)(在惊叹句中)多么,何等 eg:1)How well you look!你看起来多么健康啊! 2)How they cried!他们哭得多伤心啊! Why adv. 1)[疑问副词]为什么 2)[连接副词,关系副词]...的原因[理由] eg:1)W-did he go?他为什么去? 2)W-did you write to him?你为什么给他写信? 3)Do you know why he was late?你知道他为什么迟到吗? 4)That's the reason why I wrote to him.那就是我写信给他的原因。 5)That is (the reason) why he raised the question.这就是他所以提出问题的原因。 Part two-language practices Key to the text: 加注原练习标题!A Alice is a student. She isn't German. She is French. Alice是学生。她不是德国人,她是法国人。 This is her car. It is a French car.这是她的车,一辆法国车。 Hans is a student. He isn't French. He is German. Hans是学生。他不是法国人,他是德国人。 This is his car. It is a German car.这是他的车,一辆德国车。 加注原练习标题!B 1. Is she a German student or a Japanese student?她是德国学生还是日本学生? She isn't a German student. She's a Japanese student.她不是德国学生,她是日本学生。 2. Is this a German car or a French car?这是德国车还是法国车? It isn't a German car. It's a French car.这是德国车,不是法国车。 3. Is he an Italian student or a German student?他是意大利学生还是德国学生? He isn't an Italian student. He's a German student.他不是意大利学生,他是德国学生。 4. Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student?她是意大利学生还是中国学生? She isn't an Italian student. She's a Chinese student.她不是意大利学生,她是中国学生。 5. Is this an American car or an English car?这是美国车还是英国车? It isn't an American car. It's an English car.这不是美国车,这是英国车。 6. Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student?他是日本学生还是韩国学生? He isn't a Japanese student. He's a Korean student.他不是日本学生,他是韩国学生。 7. Is this an English car or an Italian car?这是英国车还是意大利车? It isn't an English car. It's an Italian car.这不是英国车,这是意大利车。 8. Is he an English student or a Chinese student?他是英国学生还是中国学生? He isn't an English student. He's a Chinese student.他不是英国学生,他是中国学生。 9. Is this a French car or a German car?这是法国车还是德国车? It isn't a French car. It's a German car.这不是法国车,这是德国车。 10. Is this an Chinese car or a Japanese car?这是中国车还是日本车? It isn't a Chinese car. It's a Japanese car.这不是中国车,这是日本车。 11. Is this an English car or an American car.这是英国车还是美国车? It isn't an English car. It's an American car.这不是英国车,这是美国车。 12. Is this a Japanese car or a Korean car?这是日本车还是韩国车/ It isn't a Japanese car. It's a Korean car.这不是日本车,这是韩国车。 |
【英语学习论坛】【评论】【大 中 小】【打印】【关闭】 |