在复合句中,常常根据主句和从句的关系把复合句分为名词性从句、状语从句及形容词性从句(即通常所说的定语从句)。就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。

　　状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。

　　一、当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:

　　If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。

　　You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。

　　二、当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:

　　1.连词+形容词

　　As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。

　　Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。

　　Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

　　2.连词+名词

　　While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。

　　Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。

　　3.连词+现在分词

　　As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

　　Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。

　　4.连词+过去分词

　　He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。

　　The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。

　　5.连词+不定式

　　He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。

　　He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。

　　6.连词+介词短语

　　She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。

　　He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。

　　注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:

　　When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting over, ...)

　　(文/李莹杨春吉；英语辅导报高三版2003-2004学年第36期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)