教师教学参考:解读“人称”和“物称”的妙用 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/06/28 15:28 英语辅导报 |
人称(Personal subject),是指用有生命的人或动物做其逻辑动词的主语。物称(Impersonal subject),是指用无生命的、抽象的事物或概念做部分动词的主语。比较英汉两种语言,"人称"的表达合乎逻辑,顺理成章,常用于汉语中;"物称"的表达形象生动,修辞效果显著,多见于英语中。请仔细体会下列两组例句。 一、英译汉: 1. Hope is high, confidence is strong.我们满怀希望,我们充满信心。 2. Silence came over the crowds.人群沉默了。 3. Her approach to the job lacks determination.她干这项工作缺乏毅力。 4. My patience ran out quickly, and my ears began to complain.我很快失去了耐心,(我)开始听不进去了。 5. All my courage deserted me.我完全丧失了勇气。 6. If the pain comes on again, give him another pill.如果他再次感到疼痛,就给他再服一片药。 二、汉译英: 7. 运涛好久不来信了,一家子人盼了星星盼月亮。(《红旗谱》) For many months, no letter came from Yuntao, till his whole family worried over him day and night. 8. 她在小屋中呻吟着。 Weak groans came from her little room. 9. 我建议他立刻戒烟。 My suggestion is that he should quit smoking at once. 10. 她一想到就要出国深造,激动不已。 The idea that she will go abroad for further study made herself excited. 11. 对不起,我不知道如何表达了。 Sorry, my words failed me. 12. 在罗马发生过许多重大历史事件。 Rome witnessed many great historic events. 显而易见,正确运用"人称"和"物称",肯定会给我们的译文和写作增色添彩,确实值得掌握。 (文/王玮; 英语辅导报高中教师版 03~04学年度第40期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
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