连系动词看似简单,实则是中学英语中的重要语法项目,同时,也是历届高考考查的重点和热点。现将连系动词的用法分析归纳如下:

　　一、用法

　　连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词,或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。

　　二、分类

　　1. "存在"类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调"存在"。常见的有:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。例如:

　　The story sounds true.

　　Those oranges taste good.

　　2. "持续"类:表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调"持续"。常见的有:remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某状况或情形)等。例如:

　　Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days.

　　It's already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. What's the matter?

　　3. "变化"类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调"变化"后的情况或状态.常见的有:become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), go(变得)等。例如:

　　Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.

　　三、注意事项

　　1. 有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。如:feel, taste等词。例如:

　　-Do you like the material?

　　-Yes, it feels very soft.

　　2. 一般情况下,连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语。例如:

　　Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.

　　3. 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等.注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时,不加冠词。例如:

　　Twenty years later, he turned teacher.

　　The population growth in China remains a problem.

　　4. 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常见的有:appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。例如:

　　Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.

　　On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time.

　　(文/谢仕芳； 英语辅导报高二版 03~04学年度第43期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)