[表白一]我的"真面目"：to+动词原形，to属代号，无实义，有时要求省略。我"为人随和"，没有人称和数的变化，例如to live。否定形式在to前加not，例如not to spit in public places。

　　　[表白二]我的"基本个性"：具有动词的特点，可以有自己的状语，如是及物动词还可带宾语，一起构成"不定式短语"，例如to study English well。

　　　[表白三]我的"真实本领"：我虽不能作谓语，但具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作"主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语"，本领可大了！今天在此向同学们露"几招"，展示一下我的"风采"，你们可要认真学习啰！

　　　一、作宾语：我天生讨"人"喜爱，下列及物动词"爱我作宾语没商量"，如want, decide, refuse, afford, hope, wish, expect, plan, remember, forget, would like等等。例如：(1) We have planned to travel to Hainan next week. (2) He never refuses to help others.

　　　特别点击：在复合宾语结构中常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由我来承担，例如：I find it interesting to play chess.

　　　二、作宾语补足语：我"助人为乐"，常来补充说明宾语"大有作为"，但"to"不能"随心所欲"。

　　　1.当谓语动词是ask, tell, want, teach, show, invite, encourage, allow时，to请"上

　　座"，例如：(1) Lin Tao invited Jim to have dinner on Mid-autumn Day. (2) My teacher always encourages me to work hard.

　　　2. 当谓语动词是一"感"(feel)二"听"(hear, listen to)三"使"(make, have, let)和四"看"(see, watch, notice, look at)时，to请"让座"，但变成被动语态后to不能省略，例如：We often hear her sing in English.→She is often heard to sing in English by us.

　　　三、作状语：我"服务热情"，常在come, laugh, cry, go, run, stop等不及物动词后作状语，"各有千秋"。

　　　1. 说明动作的"目的"。例如：When I saw the wallet on the ground, I stopped to pick it up.

　　　2. 说明动作的"原因"。例如：We sang and danced to hear the good news.

　　　3. 说明动作的"结果"。例如：He worked hard to catch up with the others in his class.

　　　特别提醒：

　　　1. 下列句型中的"我"作状语，须牢记在心头：(1)too+adj./adv.+to do sth和adj./adv.+enough+to do sth中"我"作结果状语；(2)be+adj.+to do sth中"我"作原因状语。例如：(1)The boy is too young to go to school. (2)I'm sorry to hear that you haven't passed the exam.

　　　2. "我"有时修饰整个句子。例如：He started the Cousteau Society to help protect life in the sea.

　　　四、作定语：我"要求严格"，常来修饰名词或代词作定语并"后置"。例如：(1)I have

　　lots of work to do. (2) I would like something to eat.

　　　在逻辑上，"我"和被修饰的词是动宾关系，如果是不及物动词，则请介词先生"助一臂之力"。试比较：(1)I have a letter to write. (vt.) (2) I have no pen to write with. (vi.)

　　　五、疑问词和"我""齐心协力，并肩战斗"，成为新时代的"开拓者"，可作tell, know, show, teach, decide, learn等及物动词的宾语。

　　例如：Mr. Zhou showed us how to play the computer.即可改成这些疑问词引导的定语从句Mr. Zhou showed us how we could play the computer.

　　　我的其它本领(如作主语和表语)下次再教给你们吧！下面请同学们根据我教的"招式"训练。(2003年部分省市中考试题动词不定式部分选登)

　　(____)1. Can you show me________an e-mail?(福州市)

　　　A. send B. how to send C. what to send D. to send

　　(____)2. -There is a ticket on the floor, is it yours?

　　　　　　-Oh, yes, it's mine.

　　　　　　-Let me________for you.(湖北黄冈)

　　A. to pick up it B. to pick it up

　　C. pick up it D. pick it up

　　(____)3. Bill's mother often tells him________spend too much time playing computer games.(河南省)

　　A. not to B. to not C. don't D. doesn't

　　(____)4. I'll be sorry________Kunming. I've enjoyed living here.(昆明市)

　　A. to leave B. to live in C. to say in D. to visit

　　(____)5. -Hi, Peter. Why are you in such a hurry?

　　　　-________the 7:30 train.(南昌市)

　　A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Caught

　　(____)6. If you don't feel well, you may just________.(河北省)

　　A. stopped reading B. stop reading C. stopped to read D. stop to read

　　(____)7. Listen! Can you hear a baby________?(山西省)

　　A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cries

　　参考答案：　1-7 BDAABBC

　　(文/周国荣；英语通2004年第8期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)