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实战演练 Passage 61-65

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/12/15 14:28 新浪教育

　　Passage 61

　　A few years ago it was popular to speak of a generation gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience (服从), while children complained (抱怨) that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society.

　　One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation (职业). In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents.

　　In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the strong desire that parents have for their children are another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.

　　Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.

　　No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature (特点) of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes.

　　1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that _______.

　　A. the generation gap suddenly appeared

　　B. the generation gap is a feature of modern social life

　　C. people can reduce the generation gap

　　D. many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap

　　2. The word “around” in Paragraph 1 means _______.

　　A. on all sides B. near C. in every direction D. in existence

　　3. In American society, young people often _______.

　　A. depend on their parents to make a life

　　B. stay with their parents in order to get a chance for higher education

　　C. seek the best advice from their parents

　　D. have very little in common with their parents

　　4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Parents should be strict with their children.

　　B. The younger generation should value the older generation for their wisdom.

　　C. The generation gap is partly caused by the older generation.

　　D. The generation gap does not exist in American society.

　　答案与分析

　　全文讲述了父母和孩子两代人所出现的“代沟”。

　　1. B 这是全文的主旨。

　　2. D 词义理解题。联系上下文，我们可以得知，作者认为这种“代沟”已经存在了很长时间。

　　3. D 细节题。从“they discover that they have very little in common with each other”得此答案。

　　4. C 推理题。联系全文，我们知道作者认为，出现“代沟”是因为父母的思想跟不上时代。

　　Passage 62

　　Paris is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and most famous cities in the world.

　　Paris is called the City of Light.It is also an international fashion (时装) center. What modern women are wearing in Paris will soon be worn by many women in other parts of the world.Paris is also a famous world centre of education. For instance, the headquarters of UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, is in Paris.

　　The Seine River divides the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges cross this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well-known is the Pont Neuf, which was built in the sixteenth century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, is located (位于) on the Left Bank (south side) of the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Coeur lies on top of the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north bank) of the Seine.

　　There are many other famous places in Paris, such as the famous museum the Louvre as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous land-mark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower.

　　Paris is named after a group of people called the Parisii. They built a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lle de la Cite, is where Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.

　　1. A good title for this passage is _______.

　　A. The French Language

　　B. The City of Paris

　　C. Education and Culture in France

　　D. The Eiffel Tower, the Symbol of Paris

　　2. The underlined word“headquarters”means _______.

　　A. buildings B. research center

　　C. leading body D. chief office

　　3. According to the passage we can infer that Notre Dame is located _______.

　　A. on the Left Bank B. on neither bank

　　C. on the Right Bank D. on both banks

　　4.The Pont Neuf was built _______.

　　A. in the 1500s B. in the 1600s

　　C. in the 1700s D. around the 1600s

　　答案与分析：

　　通读全文，本文是说明文。全文说明了巴黎迷人的人文和自然景观。

　　1. B 主旨大意题。全文讲述了巴黎这个文化、商业大都市。

　　2 .D 词义理解题。联系后面的名字，可以看出这是办公的地方。

　　3 .B 推理判断题。从“The Sorbonne, a famous university, is located (位于) on the Left Bank (south side) of the river.The beautiful white church Sacre Coeur lies on top of the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north bank) of the Seine”可以判断出Notre Dame不在河岸。

　　4. A 细节题。从“The oldest and perhaps most well-known is the Pont Neuf, which was built in the sixteenth century”得此答案。

　　Passage 63

　　Left-handers Are Equal

　　MUNICH--- Albert Einstein and Leonardo da Vinci were in the club; Bill Clinton and Bill Gates are also among its most famous members.

　　Left-handed people, however, are considered less intelligent or unskillful with their hands.

　　Schools in many countries may allow children to write with their left hand, but in the meantime “the idea that children should be re-educated to write with the right hand has not yet been removed from the heads of many parents and grandparents,” says Elizabeth Werthmueller of the Left-handers’ Initiative in Fulda in central Germany.

　　International Left-handed Day was held on August 13, 1976 ---- it was a public holiday--- in the US.

　　Nowadays interest is steadily growing and there are several advice centers to provide advice and actively campaign against the opinion that left-handers are unskillful.

　　Psychologist and psychotherapist (精神病医生) Johanna Barbara Sattler, who founded the first advice center for left-handers in Munich in 1985, can only shake her head over some of the conclusions she’s heard. “Left-handed people die nine years earlier than right-handers” is one rumour

　　Sattler says that the process of changing writing hands means a sudden attack on the brain. Memory and speech defects (缺点) are the results, she says, because left or right-handedness, which scientists say is in any case inherited (遗传), is controlled by the hemispheres (大脑半球) of the brain. These are connected to the opposite body-half by crossed nerves.

　　In left-handers, the right hemisphere is functionally dominant (支配). It is primarily responsible for determining space preferences and thought. This explains why left-handed people are often described as particularly creative.

　　But in the workplace, they often have problems in using technical devices. However, it is always better to choose another job than to retrain to use the right hand, says Expert Sattler.

　　In contrast to 30 years ago, left-hander are no longer forced to switch to their right hand in German schools, yet many teachers still have no idea how they can help left-handers with practical advice. Instead, these children often have to hear that they have to get along with “the problem” themselves.

　　1. The first paragraph tells us that _____.

　　A. scientists in the world are all left-handers

　　B. artists in the world are all left-handers

　　C. famous people all over the world are members in this special club

　　D. some famous people may be left-handers

　　2. From the third paragraph we learn that _____.

　　A. students in many schools must write with their left hand

　　B. students in many schools sometimes write with their left hand

　　C. many parents insist that students write with their right hand

　　D. many parents insist that students write with both hands

　　3. According to Sattler’s opinion, changing writing hands is ____.

　　A. reasonableB. interestingC. scientificD. unnecessary

　　4. It shows in this passage that left-handers are _____.

　　A. unskillful in the workshop B. often full of imagination in their work

　　C. always trying to defeat right-handers D. often simple-minded and foolish

　　5. From the last two paragraphs we find that ________.

　　A. people’s opinion about left-handers has changed

　　B. German students seldom get help from their teachers

　　C. Left-handers at German schools feel disappointed

　　D. Left-handers at German schools find no trouble using anything

　　答案与分析

　　通读全文，本文是说明文。全文说明了人们对用左手工作的人们的认识过程。

　　1. D 推理判断题。整个文章讲的是left-handeders，因此可以推断D是正确的。

　　2. C 细节理解题。从“the idea that children should be re-educated to write with the right hand has not yet been removed from the heads of many parents and grandparents”我们可以得此答案。

　　3. D 作者意图推断题。从“Sattler says that the process of changing writing hands means a sudden attack on the brain”以及后文我们可以得出此答案。

　　4. B 细节题。从“This explains why left-handed people are often described as particularly creative”得此答案。

　　5. A 主旨大意题。从“In contrast to 30 years ago, left-hander are no longer forced to switch to their right hand in German schools”得此答案。

　　Passage 64

　　Who Is Kimberly Kirberger ?

　　Kimberly Kirberger is the president and founder of Inspiration and Motivation for Teens, Inc. (I. A. M. for Teens, Inc. ) a corporation formed exclusively (专有地) to work for teens. It is her goal to see teens represented in a more positive light and it is her strong belief that teens deserve (应受) better and more positive treatment.

　　She spends her time reading the thousands of letters and stories sent to her by teen readers and traveling around the country speaking to high school students and parents of teens. She has appeared as a teen expert on many television and radio shows.

　　Kimberly says that the College Soul book has been an amazing journey. In getting close to and heating from so many teenagers she kept hearing about this very emotionally packed time that begins with application (申请) to college and extends through the four-year experience. It became clear to her that this was a time of life that was filled with many challenges (挑战) and that college students could really benefit from a book like this. For her, it was simply a continuation of a commitment (义务) that she has made to teenagers to do what she can to inspire and motivate (激发) them while letting them know there are people who believe in them.

　　Kimberly is the coauthor of the bestseller, Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul and the New York Times bestseller, Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul II, as well as Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul Journal (期刊). She is also the co-author of the forthcoming Chicken Soup for the Parent’s Soul and Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul III, and the author of Teen Love: On Relationships, a Book for Teenagers.

　　Kimberly started the Teen Letter Project with Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen and Health Communications, Inc. The Project is responsible for answering the heartfelt ( 真心真意地) letters received from teenagers and also reaching out to teens in trouble and encouraging them to seek professional help.

　　To book Kimberly for a speaking engagement or for further information on any of her projects, please contact:

　　I. A. M. for Teens, Inc.

　　P. O. Box 936, Palisades, CA 90272 phone: 310-573-3655

　　fax:. 310-573-3657

　　e-mail for stories: stories @ teenagechickensoul, com

　　e-mail for letters: letters @ teenagechick

　　Web site: www. Teenagechickensoul. com

　　1. Kimberly Kirberger devotes herself to ____.

　　A. helping people in trouble

　　B. writing books for children

　　C. the research of teen problems

　　D. the healthy growth of teenagers

　　2. A “teen expert” is a person who ______.

　　A. has deep knowledge to direct and help minors(未成年人)

　　B. has much experience in educating children

　　C. travels around the country giving lectures to students

　　D. supports disabled children and their parents

　　3. The third paragraph mainly tells us ______.

　　A. why Kimberly wrote the College Soul book

　　B. how Kimberly wrote College Soul the book

　　C. the College Soul book was a great success

　　D. college students benefit from the College Soul

　　4. Which of the following was written alone by Kimberly Kirberger ?

　　A. Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul.

　　B. Chicken Soup for the Parent’s Soul.

　　C. Teen Love: On Relationship, a Book for Teenagers.

　　D. Chicken Soup for the Woman’s Soul.

　　5. What’s the purpose of the Teen Letter Project?

　　A. Helping problem teenagers.

　　B. Collecting teenager problems

　　C. Attracting the teenagers.

　　D. Offering help to teenagers.

　　答案与分析

　　本文是广告阅读。全文介绍了Kimberly Kirberger的有关儿童教育等方面的书。

　　1. D从全文看Kimberly Kirberger的工作和追求，前三项概括得不全面或不恰当。

　　2. A teen expert 即“青少年问题专家”，后三项释义皆不确切。

　　3. A本段通过作者对青少年上大学期间情绪压抑这个问题的了解和认识以及她对此的态度，说明她为什么要写College Soul这本书。

　　4. C根据第四段的最后一句“She is also the co-author of the forthcoming Chicken Soup for the Parent’s Soul and Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul III, and the author of Teen Love: On Relationships, a Book for Teenagers”得此答案。

　　5. D读懂第五段的最后一句即可判断出正确答案。另外需要注意A项中的“Problem teenagers ”是“问题少年”之意，指品行方面有问题。

　　Passage 65

　　Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport feel very difficult to make a decision about their children’s careers. Should they allow their children to train to become top sports men and women? For many children it means starting school work very young, and going out with friends and other interests have to take a second place. It’s very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train five hours a day, even at the weekend, when most of his or her friends are playing.

　　Another problem is of course money. In many countries money for training is available from government for the very best young sportsmen and women. If this help can not be given, in means that it is the parents who have to find the time and the money to support their child’s development—and sports clothes, transport to competitions, special equipment, etc. can all be very expensive.

　　Many parents are worried that it is dangerous to start serious training in a sport at an early age. Some doctors agree that young muscles may be damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional trainers, however, believe that it is only by training young that you can reach the top as a successful sports person. It is clear that very few people do reach the top, and both parents and children should be prepared for failure even after many years of training.

　　1. This article is most probably taken from .

　　A. a letter B. an advertisement

　　C. a personal diary D. a newspaper article

　　2. According to the passage, parents whose children show a special interest in sport .

　　A. feel uncertain if they should let their children train to be sports men or women training

　　B. try to get financial support from the government for their children’s training

　　C. have to get medical advice from doctors about training methods

　　D. prefer their children to be trained as young as possible

　　3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A. By starting young, you won’t have much time for your school work.

　　B. Early training may damage your muscles.

　　C. Most children may become professional sports men after a long period of training.

　　D. It’s very expensive for parents to support their child’s development in sports.

　　4. The phrase “to take a second place” means .

　　A. to repeat the activities some other day

　　B. to become less important

　　C. all things considered, they are of inferior (差的) quality

　　D. to happen again 

　　答案与分析

　　通读全文，本文是说明文。全文说明了作为孩子对特殊体育产生兴趣的父母应做的各种思想准备。

　　1. D 推理判断题。在所给的四个答案中D是最有可能登这一类的文章的。

　　2. A 细节题。从第一段的第一、二句得此答案。

　　3. C 细节题。从最后一句“It is clear that very few people do reach the top, and both parents and children should be prepared for failure even after many years of training”得此答案。

　　4. B 词义理解题。从文中我们知道，对特殊体育有兴趣的孩子来说，很小就要进行训练，甚至包括周末，因此跟同伴一起出去玩，或者别的兴趣就不重要了。

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