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小学教师教学参考:反意疑问句的几种特殊情况
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/12/29 16:14  新浪教育

  1. 当陈述部分的句子含有had better结构时,had可看作是助动词,因此疑问部分可用had not 形式。如:

  You'd better tell me how to do the experiment, hadn't you?

  你最好还是告诉我怎样做这个实验,好不好?

  2. 在反意疑问句中,陈述句是I am, 问句部分一般用aren't I 。 如:

  I'm a good friend of yours, aren't I?

  我是你的一位好朋友,是不是?

  I'm wrong, aren't I?

  我错了,是不是?

  3. 当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have / has时,疑问部分既可用have / has形式,也可用do / does形式。如:

  You have a nice watch, haven't you / don't you?

  你有一块漂亮的手表,是不是?

  当陈述部分的have / has不表示“所有”,而表示其它含义时,疑问部分须用do / does形式。如:

  They had a meeting yesterday evening, didn't they?

  他们昨天晚上开会了,是不是?

  His sister has lunch in the factory, doesn't she?

  他的妹妹在工厂吃中午饭,是不是?

  4. 陈述句中有否定前缀或后缀的词,如unhappy, dislike, unknown等,虽然句意是否定的,但它是肯定结构,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:

  Miss Green is an unknown doctor, isn't she?

  格林小姐是位不知名的医生,是不是?

  John was unhappy last week, wasn't he?

  约翰上周不愉快,是不是?

  5. 当陈述句部分的句子是复合句时,有两种情况:

  (1)疑问部分的主谓语要与主句一致。如:

  He said Mary would go to see the doctor, didn't he?

  他说玛丽将去看病,是不是?

  She said the earth moves around the sun, didn't she?

  她说地球绕着太阳转,是不是?

  (2)如果主句是I think, I believe等结构,反意疑问句部分要与that从句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致,而且要注意否定的转移。如:

  I don't think that she can look after herself, can she?

  我认为她不能照看她自己,对吗?

  I think she will pass the exam soon, won't she?

  我想她会通过考试,对不对?

  6. 以let's开头的祈使句,疑问句可用shall we, 如果以let us开头,则要用will you。如:

  Let's go boating this morning, shall we?

  今天上午让我们去划船吧,好吗?

  Let's meet outside the school gate, shall we?

  让我们在学校门口外边见面,好吗?

  Let us see your watch, will you?

  让我们看看你的手表,好不好?

  Let us watch TV this week, will you?

  让我们这周看电视,好不好?

  7. 在“祈使句+反意疑问句”结构中,句尾常用will you, won't you, would you, can you等,使语气委婉。如:

  Be quiet, would you?

  请安静,好不好?

  Don't make any noise, will you?

  不要发出噪音,好吗?

  8.当陈述部分带有 seldom, never, few, little,

  nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时,疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:

  Tom is never late for the meeting, is he?

  汤姆开会从不迟到,是吗?

  There's nothing living on the moon, is there?

  月球上没有生命, 是吗?

  9. 当陈述部分带有情态动词must 表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn't;must表示“有必要”时,疑问部分则用needn't; mustn't 表示“禁止”时,疑问部分一般用must。如:

  We must work hard for the people, mustn't we ?(必须)

  我们必须为人民而努力学习,是不是?

  You must do your homework today, needn't you?(有必要)

  你们有必要今天完成家庭作业,是不是?

  We mustn't be late, must we?(禁止)

  我们不可以迟到,是吗?

  10. 如果陈述部分以不定代词one作主语,反意疑问句部分的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合也可以用you。 如:

  One can't be too careful, can one / can you?

  人不可能太小心的,是吗?

  One doesn't like to have his word doubted, can one?

  人不喜欢他们的话被别人怀疑,是吗?

  11. 当陈述部分是there be存在句时,疑问部分仍用...there?如:

  There is something interesting in today's newspaper, isn't there?

  今天的报纸上有有趣的内容,是不是?

  There weren't any flowers on the table, were there?

  桌上没有一些花,是吗?

  12. 陈述部分用-body或-one构成的复合不定代词作主语时,疑问部分的主语可用he, 也可用they。如:

  Everyone wants to help Jim with his English, don't they / doesn't he?

  人人都想帮吉姆学英语,是不是?

  Somebody is at the door, aren't they / isn't he?

  有人在门口,是吗?

  13. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing时,疑问部分的主语用it。如:

  Everything turns green in spring, doesn't it?

  春天万物变绿,是不是?

  Something is wrong with this computer, isn't it?

  这台电脑有毛病了,是不是?

  14. 当陈述部分用neither...nor... 连接两个主语时,疑问部分用复数。如:

  Neither Jim nor his sister likes doing housework, do they?

  吉姆和他的妹妹都不喜欢做家务,是吗?

  (文/陆卫东;英语辅导报小学教师版04~05学年第17期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)






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