1. Their population has now increased to 435,000,and today they make up about 13﹪ of the population. 如今毛利人口已经增加到约44万人,约占总人口的13﹪。

　　1) make up意为“弥补;编造;组成;构成;占;化妆;安排、拼凑成”等。例如:

　　The teacher helped him make up the lessons he had missed when he was ill. 老师帮他补上了他生病时所缺的课。

　　Our teacher asked us to make up a dialogue in groups. 老师要求我们按小组来编对话。

　　The whole story is made up. 整个故事都是编造的。

　　I object to the way the committee is made up. 我反对委员会的组成方式。

　　She never goes out without making herself up first. 她不化妆是从不外出的。

　　I can make up a bed for you on the floor. 我能为你铺个地铺。

　　2) be made up of是make up“组成;构成”的被动形式。例如:

　　This medical team is made up of five doctors and ten nurses. 这支医疗队是由五位医生和十位护士组成的。

　　3) make up for意思是“补偿;弥补”。例如:

　　This beautiful autumn makes up for the wet summer. 今年秋色宜人,弥补了夏季潮湿的缺点。

　　[原题再现]

　　The world is ________ seven continents and four oceans.

　　A. made up of B. made out of C. made from D. made in

　　答案: A

　　2. At the time of his death, one person praised him as follows: “Future generations, it may be, will hardly believe that such a person as this walked upon this earth.”在他逝世的时候,有一个人对甘地作了如下的赞誉:“后代人也许难以相信,在这个人世间,曾经有这样一个人走过。”

　　1) as follows 是固定词组,意思是“如下”。例如:

　　The results are as follows: Philip Carter 1st, Sam Cohen 2nd, Sandra Postlethwaite 3rd. 结果如下:菲利普•卡特第一名,萨姆•科恩第二名,桑得拉•波斯尔思韦特第三名。

　　2) such后跟单数可数名词时,应在such后加不定冠词,不定冠词不能位于such之前。例如:

　　It was such a lovely day we decided to go for a picnic. 天气非常好,我们决定到郊外去野餐。

　　[原题再现]

　　It is ________ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.

　　A. so unusual

　　反意疑问句是高考重要考点,其构成形式是“肯定 + 否定”和“否定 + 肯定”,但也有一些特例。本文结合高考试题,对反意疑问句的易考点进行归纳。

　　1. 陈述句部分的谓语是be, had better或情态动词等时,反意疑问句仍用这些动词。

　　[原题再现]

　　Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ________?

　　A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t heD. is he

　　答案: A

　　2. 陈述部分的谓语是have时,若have作“有”解,反意疑问部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役动词,则只能用do (does, did)的适当形式进行反问。

　　[原题再现]

　　His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ________she?

　　A. did B. had C. didn’t D. hadn’t

　　答案: C

　　3. 陈述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意义的词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式;但陈述部分若使用含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意疑问部分仍然使用否定形式。

　　[原题再现]

　　He seldom has lunch at school, ________?

　　A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’t he D. does he

　　答案: D

　　4. 陈述部分的谓语动词是“must + have + 过去分词”表推测时,若强调对过去情况的推测(一般有过去时间状语),反意疑问部分用“didn’t + 主语”;若强调动作的完成(一般没有过去时间状语),则反意疑问部分的谓语动词用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”。

　　[原题再现]

　　There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?

　　A. didn’t they B. don’t they C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they

　　答案: D

　　5. 陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代词时,其疑问部分的主语可根据句子的内涵选用he或they。例如:

　　Everyoneknows his job, doesn’t he?

　　Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn’t they?

　　6. 陈述部分的主语是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语一般用it。例如:

　　Everything is ready, isn’t it?

　　Nothing goes well, does it?

　　7. 陈述部分是there be句型时,反意疑问部分用“...there?”。

　　[原题再现]

　　There’s not much news in today’s paper, ________?

　　A. isn’t itB. are there

　　C. is there D. aren’t there

　　答案: C

　　8. 陈述部分谓语含有used to时,反意疑问部分可用usedn’t,也可用didn’t;陈述部分含有ought to时,反意疑问部分可用oughtn’t或shouldn’t两种形式。例如:

　　Tom used to make fun of Peter, usedn’t / didn’t he?

　　We ought to learn the law knowledge by heart, oughtn’t / shouldn’t we?

　　9. 陈述部分的主语是this, that,不定式短语、动名词短语或从句时,反意疑问部分的主语用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,反意疑问部分的主语用they。例如:

　　This is a most wonderful place, isn’t it?

　　Learning a foreign language well takes a long time, doesn’t it?

　　That they are close friends doesn’t seem true, does it?

　　10. 陈述部分的主语后有同位语从句或定语从句修饰时,反意疑问部分仍应对主句主语进行反问。

　　[原题再现]

　　The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?

　　A. did they B. didn’t they C. did it D. didn’t it

　　答案: D

　　11. 陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,通常要对主句主语进行反问;但若陈述部分是“I (don’t) think / suppose / believe / imagine / expect等 + 宾语从句”时,要对宾语从句的主语进行反问,同时要注意否定转移现象。

　　[原题再现]

　　I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, ________?

　　A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they

　　答案: C

　　12. 陈述部分为祈使句时,不论祈使句是肯定形式还是否定形式,反意疑问部分通常用will you;但Let’s引起的祈使句的反意疑问句部分通常用shall we。

　　[原题再现]

　　If you want help—money or anything, let me know, ________ you?

　　A. don’t B. will C. shall D. do

　　答案: B

　　B. such unusual

　　C. such an unusual

　　D. so an unusual

　　答案: C

　　(文/籍万杰；英语辅导高三版2004-2005学年第17期；版权归英语辅导报社所有独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)