初三英语课外辅导:Unit 17重难点解析 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/03 08:40 英语辅导报 |
1.[原文] ① But I heard him speak.(L.65) ② Suddenly, they hear someone outside shouting: …(L.66)为什么①句中speak用原形,而②句中shouting用的是V-ing形式? [精析] 感官动词hear后可以接动词原形和V-ing作宾语补足语,即hear sb. do或hear sb. doing。二者的区别是:前者表示后边的动作已经完成,后者表示后边的动作正在进行。试比较: I heard him say that the matter was yet undecided. 我听见他说那件事还没决定。 I heard somebody laughing. 我听见有人在笑。 2.[原文] I'll shoot anyone who moves! (L.66)动词shoot后如果加一个介词at,意思有变化吗? [精析] 有。 shoot作及物动词,表示“击中”,后接被击中的对象。如: He shot the bird dead. 他把那只鸟射死了。 当表示“向……射击”时,要用短语shoot at,此时不强调结果。如: He shot at a dog, but missed it. 他朝狗开枪,但没打中。 3.[原文] Who would you ask for help if you were robbed? (L.66)这句话在本课中并不表示过去,而谓语动词却用的是would ask和were,这是什么语法现象? [精析] 这是一个含虚拟语气的句子。在英语中,表达的假设或不大可能发生的事时,要使用虚拟语气。如果假设与现在事实相反或与将来事实可能相反,条件从句为“if +主语+动词过去式”, 主句为“主语+should (would)+动词原形”。(这种语法现象在以后会学习到。)如: If I were you, I would leave him at once. 如果我是你,就立刻离开他。 句中ask sb. for help是“向某人求助”。ask sb. for sth. 是“向某人要求某物”,ask for sb. / sth. 表示“要求见某人;要求与某人谈话;要某事物”等等。如: She asked him for advice. 她向他征询高见。 Did anyone ask for me? 有人找我吗? Did you ask your boss for a pay increase? 你请求老板加薪了吗? (文/吕新军;英语辅导报初三版04—05学年度第19期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |