“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句是目前各类考试中频频出现的测试点。《大学英语》全新版第二册第一单元Ways of Learning中的Text A里有一篇文章Learning, Chinese-Style，其中有这样一个主从复合句：

　　He is less likely to view life as a series of situations in which one has to learn to think for oneself, to solve problems on one's own and even to discover new problems for which creative solutions are wanted.

　　他就不大可能将人生视为一系列的情景，在这些情景中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。

　　以上句子包含两个定语从句，分别由in which和for which引导，在何种情况下使用“介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句？当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词既可以留在原来的位置上，也可以置于关系代词之前，与关系代词共同引导定语从句。关系代词之前究竟选用什么介词，取决于上下文所表达的意义或某种习惯搭配、固定搭配等。

　　1.上下文意义与介词的搭配

　　The city which I live in is a beautiful one.

　　= The city in which I live is a beautiful one.

　　= The city where I live is a beautiful one.

　　The boy whom you talked with is my brother.

　　= The boy with whom you talked is my brother.

　　We will never forget the day when we visited the Great Wall.

　　= We will never forget the day on which we visited the Great Wall.

　　2.动词与介词的固定搭配

　　若定语从句中的动词为含有介词的短语动词，而关系代词又作该介词的宾语时，其介词的位置要放在动词之后，一般不前置。

　　That is the book which she was looking for.

　　He is the man whom you can safely depend on.

　　This is the baby whom she is taking care of.

　　3.形容词与介词的固定搭配

　　若定语从句中的形容词与介词有固定搭配时，其介词往往前置，放在关系代词的前面。

　　We'll visit the Mountain Tai, for which Shandong is famous in the world.

　　You'd better not bring your child to see the animals of which he is afraid.

　　4.介词of 与关系代词的搭配

　　介词of 与关系代词搭配，而且介词of之前常出现名词、代词、数词等时，此结构多用于非限制性定语从句。

　　I lost a book, the title of which I can't remember now.

　　= I lost a book, of which I can't remember the title now.

　　I found a house, the roof of which had been damaged.

　　= I found a house of which the roof had been damaged.

　　At the scene there were two cigarettes, one of which was stained with lipstick.

　　= At the scene there were two cigarettes, of which one was stained with lipstick.

　　The ten students were killed in the accident, eight of whom were girls.

　　= The ten students were killed in the accident, of whom eight were girls.

　　5. that 可以替代which / whom的搭配

　　通常that 之前不能带介词，只有当介词位于从句末尾时，that方可代替which。如，The city which I live in is a beautiful one. 此处的which可由that 替代，但不能说, The city in that I live is a beautiful one.再比如，The boy whom you talked with is my brother. 或The boy with whom you talked is my brother.可以说The boy that you talked with is my brother.但不能说The boy with that you talked is my brother.

　　that 只有在特殊的、个别的场合下，才能前带介词。如，in that (因为)，but / except / save that(除了)。

　　(文/郝吉环；英语辅导报 大学二年级版 04～05学年第20期； 版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)