俗话说有心栽花花不成、无心插柳柳成荫，这句话用到科学发明上也有相应的例子！本文为你总结了科学界十个经典的“意外”发明。个个都是在无意识的情况下，促成了伟大的发明！

　　The Principle of Limited Sloppiness is a phrase used to describe fortuitous or accidental discoveries (we’re talking screwups) that actually helped humankind. The best-known example was by Alexander Fleming. Halfway through an experiment with bacteria, he up and went on vacation. Slob that he was, he left a dirty petri dish in the lab sink. When he got back, he found bacteria had grown all over the plate, except in an area where mold had formed. That discovery led to two things: 1) penicillin and 2) Mrs. Fleming hiring a maid。

　　所谓“有限马虎原则”指的是那些最后对人类有实在好处的偶然或意外的发现(实际这些发现一开始就是被搞砸了)。最有名的例子来自亚历山大弗雷名，他把细菌试验做到一半就跑去度假了。而马虎如他，把一个脏培养皿丢在实验室的水池里。等他回来，他发现细菌已经长满了整个培养皿，除了一小块有霉菌的地方没有。这个发现导致了两个后果：1.青霉素的发明；2.弗雷名太太雇了一个女佣。

　　Inventor: A Dutch shipmaster

　　Year: 16th century

　　What Happened: He used heat to concentrate wine in order to make it easier to transport, with the idea of adding water to reconstitute it when he arrived。

　　Big Discovery: Concentrated wine is better than watered-down wine。

　　As a result: "Burnt wine," or "brandewijn" in Dutch, became a big hit. Call it brandy, since after a few drinks of the stuff, there’s no way you can pronounce brandewijn so a bartender can understand what you’re ordering。

　　发明者：一个荷兰船长

　　时间：16世纪

　　事情发生的经过：为了让红酒更方便运输，船长加热红酒使其浓缩，到了目的地之后再加水稀释它。

　　大发现：浓缩后的红酒比用水稀释的好喝。

　　结果：在荷兰，“烧着的红酒”或者“brandewijn”变的大受欢迎。而几杯酒下肚之后，很明显你就发不清“brandewijn”这种音。所以为了让酒吧吧员知道你在点什么，人们简称这种酒为“brandy”，也就是如今大名鼎鼎的白兰地。

　　Inventor: Horace Wells

　　Year: 1844

　　What Happened: In its salad days, nitrous oxide was strictly a party toy, since it made people howl like hyena. But a friend of the dentist took too much of the stuff at a laughing-gas stage show and gashed his leg。

　　Big Discovery: The friend hadn’t realized he’d hurt himself。

　　As a result: Nitrous oxide became an early form of anesthesia。