| 第六节：阅读理解强化练习 | |||||||||
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| http://www.sina.com.cn 2006/10/08 10:47 北京安通学校 | |||||||||
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Reading Comprehension 1 Passage 1 “ Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its
Readers of novels like Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl’s parents, that is, it was the parents’ duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents’ home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. A girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry. 1. What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”? A.Different families have different ways of life. B. Different definitions could be given to the word. C. Different nations have different families. D.Different times produce different families. 2. For an English family, the husband’s duty is ____. A. supporting the family while the wife is financial B. defending the family while the wife is running the home C. financial while the wife is running the home D. independent while the wife is dependent 3. Everything is decided in a family ____. A.by the couple B. with the help of their parents C. by brothers and sisters D. with the help of aunts and uncles 4. What is true concerning the book Pride and Prejudice? A. It is the best book on marriage. B. It is a handbook of marriage. C. It gives quite some idea of English social life in the past. D. It provides a lot of information of formertime wealthy families. 5.With regard to marriage in Britain, present-day girls differ from former time girls in ____. A. the right marry B. more parental support C. choosing husbands D. social position 1.【答案】B。 【解析】此句主要是考察对elastic这个单词的理解，elastic的意思是“有弹性的，可伸缩的 ，不是固定不变的”，整句话的意思是“家庭当然不是一个固定不变的概念”，在这一段的后面也写了不同时期的家庭和婚姻状况，从此可知“family”一词的含义也是不同的。 2.【答案】C 【解析】从文中可找出关键句 “The man’s first duty...”和“responsible for her financial support”，此句意思是 “男人应是女人的财政支柱”，financial的意思是“财政的，金融的”。注意 “responsible for her...running of the new home”是关键句。 3.【答案】A 【解析】由第一段最后一句“neither...nor...nor...have any right to interfere with them.”此处的“them”是指夫妻俩，neither...nor...是否定形式，即说……都没有权力干 涉夫妻俩的事情，——他们是自己的主人，故此题的正确答案是A。 4.【答案】C 【解析】分析本文第二段可知，《傲慢与偏见》这本书中讲述了当时的婚姻状况，当时有钱人 之间的婚姻都是由女方父母做主，并且父母给新婚夫妇一些钱做嫁妆之后就不再管他们的经济问题，这是当时英国社会生活的一个方面。 5.【答案】C 【解析】从第二段中开始部分可知过去的女孩的社会地位，从后半部分可知现在的女孩的社会 地位比以前有很大提高，表现在结婚前就可以自己在经济上独立，可以自己选择丈夫，可以不要dowry(嫁妆)，这些方面都属于社会地位方面。 Passage 2 Except for the Indians, the earliest backpackers in America were frontiersmen, who roamed the wilderness looking either for necessities such as food and wateror for sources of wealth such as fur and gold. For them backpacking was a way of survival or a means of achieving what one day would be called the “American Dream”.Today,however,many people enjoy backpacking as a recreational activity.Shouldering a pack and leaving behind the world of telephone,television and traffic promise an exciting experience.Testing one’s stamina (耐力) and skills are challenging a sense of one’s place in the natural world can be rewarding .Moreover, backpacking is an activity that can last any length for time and can be enjoyed alone or with friends. Then too, a backpacking trip may be organized within a day or two. The backpacker and his friends have only to decide on their destination and then organize the all-important kit, whose contents they must depend on throughout their trip. A map, a compass, a flashlight, along with first equipment, food, and extra clothing can be rounded up without much difficulty. Once the backpackers have left word about where they go in a note on the refrigerator door or in a message on an answering machine, they can look forward to an adventure that will lift the spirit and nourish the soul. Their outing will enable them to return in a short time to the age of technology with the courage and independence of Natty Bumppo, who did indeed belong to the age of the frontier. 6. The passage mainly discusses_________ . A. the early backpackers B. backpacking as a perfect form of recreation C. how backpacking started D. why people of today are interested in backpacking 7.The earliest backpackers were _____________. A. frontiersmen B.Indians C. fur traders D. gold miners 8. Early backpackers who roamed about in wilderness were interested in finding________ . A. means to realize the American dream B. recreation in life C. relief from the stress of everyday life D. daily necessities 9. One of the advantages of backpacking is that ___________. A. it can help people to establish a link with nature B. it is a group activity and can cure a person’s loneliness C. it is not so challenging as other activities D. it does not require people to decide on a destination 10.According to the passage, Natty Bumppo was____________. A. an American national hero B. a character in a Hemingway novel C. a man of valor D. an lndian warrior 6.【答案】D 【解析】本文开头简要介绍 backpacking这种运动的起源。但这不是文中主要讨论的内容。可以看出，文中讨论的重点是backpacking作为一种现代娱乐活动为什么会深受许多人喜爱。D答案与此意相同，说明了文章的中心议题，是正确答案。 7.【答案】B 【解析】见原文开头：Except for the Indians,the earliest backpackers in America were frontiersmen… 除了 Indians (印第安人), frontiersmen (未开发的边疆居民)是美国最早的backpackers这说明Indians才是美国最早的backpackers，因此B项是正确选项。 8.【答案】D 【解析】见原文开头……the earliest backpackers……，who roamed the wilderness looking either for necessities such as food and water or for sources of wealth such as fur and god……。D项与此意相符，是正确答案。 9.【答案】A 【解析】见它(backpacking)可以帮助人们与自然建立一种联系。这说明在这项活动中，人是融于自然的，它在人和自然之间建立了一种直接的联系，这也正是这项活动的好处所在。因此A答案是正确的。B它是一种群体活动，可以治疗一个人的孤独感；C它不像其它活动一样富有挑战性；D它不要求人们决定自己的目标。均非文中讨论的内容。 10.【答案】C 【解析】见见原文最后一句：Their outing will enable them to return in a short time to the age of technology with the courage and independence of Natty Bumppo,who did indeed belong to the age of frontier。C一个勇敢的人，符合文中的叙述，是正确的答案。A. 一个美国民族英雄；B. 海明威小说中的主人公；D. 一名印第安士兵。文中均未提到。 Passage 3 American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution.To them,however,the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral (边缘的). For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois.She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs.Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best-known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the Confederacy than he did .She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ.When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands-and retreat to Canada.On the other side,Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation.She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Greeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman”of the tribe.This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs.She was friendly with the White settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution.Yet the Cherokees too lost their land. 11. What is the main point the author makes in the passage? A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land. B. At the time of the Revolution, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power. C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land. D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women. 12. According to the passage, Mary Brant’s husband had been a _________ . A. government official B. Mohawk chief C. revolutionary hero D. Cherokee council member 13.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong? A. Mohawk. B. Iroquois. C. Cherokee. D. Greek. 14. How did Nancy Ward gain her position of authority? A. By bravery in battle. B. By marriage to a chief. C. By joining the Confederacy. D. By being born into a powerful family. 15. According to the passage,what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward have in common? A. Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe. B. Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution. C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution. D. Each went to England after the American Revolution. 11.【答案】C 【解析】这一段的中心意思是：无论美洲印第安人在美国革命战争中支持谁，最终他们都失去了他们自己的土地。文中举了两个例子来说明这一观点。 12.【答案】A 【解析】在第五句作者介绍说：Mary Brant 是Mohawk 整个Iroquios部落的首领，是印第安事务主管Sir William Johnson 的遗孀。这说明Mary Brant的丈夫曾是政府官员。 13.【答案】C 【解析】在第九句作者讲到：Nancy Ward 在Cherokee民族掌权。这说明她是属Cherokee部族。 14.【答案】A 【解析】在第十句讲到：Nancy Ward 在与希腊的交战中作战勇猛，作为对她的女英雄行为的奖赏，她成了“Beloved Woman” (“受人爱戴的女人”)。这个职位使她成了妇女协会的头领及首领委员会的一个成员。由此可知Nancy Ward是通过她的勇敢获得她的职位的。 15.【答案】B 【解析】这道题的题意为：Mary Brant 和Nancy Ward有何共性。作者举这两个例子最终要说明的是，无论印第安人是支持英殖民者还是支持美国，最终都没有得到应有的待遇。这两位领袖人物的行为说明她们各自都用自己的行为影响了各自部落在革命战争中的作用。 Passage 4 James Joyce was an Irish novelist who revolutionized the methods of depicting characters and developing a plot in modern fiction. His astonishing way of constructing a novel, his frank portrayal of human nature in his books, and his complete command of English have made him one of the outstanding influences on literature in the 20th Century. Many critics judge that he is second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of the English language. Joyce was deeply influenced by Ireland and wrote all his books about Dublin. When he was in Dublin College, he studied languages and spent his spare time reading books. He refused to take part in the nationalist movement like his fellow students, but he became passionately interested in literature. He wrote outspoken articles of literary criticism that shocked his teachers and even taught himself Norwegian so that he could read Ibsen’s works in the original. When he graduated in 1902, he knew he would become a writer and an exile, because he felt he could not be one without the other. In order to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully, and as objectively as he knew how, about the people and places he knew best, he had to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life. He went to France, Italy and Switzerland, where he lived in poverty and obscurity for the first 20 years, only returning to Ireland when his mother was dying. Except for a couple of brief trips, he stayed abroad all his life. 16. James Joyce was first of all a ___________. A. revolutionary B. critic C. novelist D. exile 17. James Joyce was famous for many reasons EXCEPT ___________. A. his way of constructing a novel B. his frank portrayal of human nature C. his complete command of English D. his passion in literature 18. “He is second only to Shakespeare” is a comment on his _________. A. achievement in literature B. achievement in the nationalist movement C. achievement in his study of languages D. mastery of the English language 19. How many examples are used to show his passion in literature? A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4. 20. Why did James Joyce stay abroad almost all his life? A. Because he wanted to live in poverty and obscurity. B. Because he wanted to write the people and places he knew best. C. Because he wanted to escape from all temptations to become involved in popular opinion or public life. D. Because he wanted to preserve his ideal of writing truthfully, fully and objectively about the people and the places he knew best. 16.【答案】C 【解析】文章第一句就已告诉我们他是一位小说家。 17.【答案】D 【解析】他成为二十世纪对文学产生深远影响的人物之一，是由于他的小说的独特构造，他对人性的率直描写及他对英语的完全掌握，即A、B、C，只有D不是他闻名于世的原因，因此D为正确答案。 18.【答案】D 【解析】“in his mastery of the English language”表明范围、方面，即在英语语言的掌握方面仅次于莎士比亚，本文没有具体提到他对文学的贡献或他学习的成绩，他没有参加民族运动，不可能在这方面有什么贡献，因此D为正确答案。 19.【答案】A 【解析】第二段提到他沉迷于文学，然后用两个例子进一步说明：他写的非常大胆的文学评论文章让他的老师大为吃惊，他甚至自学挪威语以便阅读易卜生原著。 20.【答案】D 【解析】James Joyce几乎一生都住在国外是因为他想保护他的写作理想，即真实、完整、客观地写他最为熟知的人物和地方。 Reading Comprehension 2 Passage 1 At dawn on September 5th, 1972 a band of “Black September” Arab guerrillas broke into the Israeli building in the Olympic village near Munich where 10,000 athletes were staying. Over 250 plain clothes police had been brought into the village, following a tipoff of trouble ahead, but none of them saw the Arabs scale the fence. They burst into the Israeli building with submachine guns blazing at 5:10 am. Some Israeli athletes escaped through the windows and side doors. Nine were taken hostage. The guerrillas demanded the release of 200 Palestinians held in Israeli jails and a safe passage out of Germany. Within hours the Olympic village was surrounded by 13000 police. The Olympic Games were suspended. After some negotiations, the terrorists were told they would be flown with their hostages to an Arab country. They were taken by helicopter to the Furstenfield military airport 25 miles from Munich. Just before midnight the guerrillas and their hostages began to walk across the tarmac to a waiting Boeing 727 aircraft. Suddenly al the airport lights were turned out and German police sharpshooters opened fire. The rescue attempt failed tragically. In the gun battle all nine hostages were killed, as well as four Arabs and one policeman. Three Arabs were captured and one escaped into the nearby woods. On the 8th, Israeli planes bombed ten guerilla bases in revenge for Munich massacre. 1. The most possible reason for Israeli athletes being attacked and kidnapped is that ________. A. they had a conflict with the Arab guerrillas B. the Arab guerrillas wanted to save the Palestinians held in Israeli jails C. the German Government hated Israel D. the Arab guerrillas hoped to get a large sum of money 2. When the trouble took place, the Olympic Games _________. A.were completed B.were going on C.were to be finished D.were to take place 3.The terrorists were told that they would be probably sent by air to ____. A.Italy B. India C. Syria D. Nigera 4.How many Arabs were there as terrorists? A.Seven. B.Eight. C.Nine. D.It wasn’t mentioned. 5.What do you think Palestine and Israel would act next? A.They would begin another conflict. B.They would begin to negotiate. C.They would try to improve each other’s relation. D.They would turn to UN. 1.【答案】B。 【解析】先找有关细节，解题的关键在第四句，意为“游击队员要求释放关在以色列监狱里的200多名巴勒斯坦人并安全离开德国”。这样，我们就可以来分析选项了。A项说“因为以色列运动员和游击队有冲突。”这是事实，因为文章讲的就是，但这不是原因，故不能选。再看B项“阿拉伯游击队意在营救被关押在以色列监狱中的巴勒斯坦人”，属实，现在看C、D项是否更确切。C项说“德国政府憎恨以色列人”，风马牛不相及。而D项“阿拉伯游击队想要一大笔钱”，显然也不是他们的目的。现在就可确定B为正确答案无疑。 2.【答案】B。 【解析】根据第七句可知，奥运会赛事被中止。这不正意味着当时奥运会正在进行吗?这样，我们就可以来对选项进行取舍了。A项 “结束了”，显然不对。C项“即将结束”虽然也有正在进行之意，但概括得又太具体，所以也不能选。而D项“即将发生”，更不对。这样就只剩下B项，其意为“正在进行”，正是作者的隐含看法，所以正确无疑。 3.【答案】C。 【解析】根据选项，结合问题，可知选项涉及到国名。再看原文，发现第10句是关键句：恐怖分子被告知飞往某一个阿拉伯国家。特别注意“阿拉伯国家”五个字。好了，现在我们就可以来分析选项了。去掉不属于阿拉伯国家的选项，就可以得出正确答案。A项“意大利”，B项“印度”，D项“尼日利亚”，都不属于阿拉伯国家。这样就只剩下C项，而“叙利亚”正好属于阿拉伯国家。从此题的选择过程中，我们可以体会到，多掌握一些英语背景知识如地理的、文化的、历史的等等，对提高学习成绩很有帮助。 4.【答案】B。 【解析】此题涉及到数字，要考虑到有可能进行简单计算。先找有关细节。根据倒数第三句和第二句可以知道：(在警察实施营救时) 4个阿拉伯人被击毙，3个被捕，1个逃跑，所以有4+3+1=8个。这样就可以一目了然地找到正确答案为B。D为干扰性较强的选项。注意在解答此类题时不要遗漏数字。 5.【答案】A。 【解析】解答此题应具有一定的逻辑推理能力。通读全文，可知阿拉伯国家 (以巴勒斯坦为代表)与以色列关系紧张。A项说“他们将可能挑起另一次冲突”，与们的分析及作者的暗示相吻合。再看还有没有更合适的选项，B项说“他们将可能开始谈判”有点可能，但既然以色列刚报复过，阿拉伯、巴勒斯坦会就此罢休吗?所以与A相比，应排除。再看C项“他们将尽量改善彼此的关系”也不合事实。而D项“他们将诉诸于联合国”，可能性也不大。所以可断定A为正确答案无疑。 Passage 2 Of the tens of thousands of ships on the ocean bottom, only a handful,less than1 percent,contain negotiable treasure, such as gold and jewels.Most give us a different,priceless treasure --- history. A sunken ship lies in trust, preserved in the airless environment of the sea, and those in deep water are especially well protected.No dry land sites anywhere --- except perhaps Egyptian tombs --- are in a better state of preservation than a vessel deep in the ocean. A sunken ship, therefore, can be a rare window through which a moment in time is glimpsed. This is not to imply that sunken ships are always found intact.Most ships break up on the way down, hit the bottom at about 100 miles per hour, and become a chaotic, confusing jumble (混乱的一堆). I recall the chagrin (懊恼) of a novice diver who , after surfacing from an underwater tour of a 400-foot ship, asked his diving buddy.“Where was the wreck?” It takes experience to actually know sunken ship when one sees it. But no matter what its condition on the way down, a ship deteriorates much more slowly as it sinks deeper into protective layer of sand and mud. Ancient vessels have been found in remarkably good condition.In 1997 a group of marine archaeologists excavating (发掘) a 900-year-old wreck recovered engraved glassware, Greek coins, bronze kettles, and amazingly, Greek jars containing seeds, almonds, and lentile --- even a plate with chicken bones. 6. Which of the following is meant by the “priceless treasure” metioned in line 2? A.Valuable information. B.Ancient coins. C.Precious stones. D. Old books. 7.The author compares a sunken ship preserved in the deep sea to which of the following? A. A tomb in Egypt. B. A Greek jar. C. A vacuum. D. A bronze chest. 8. According to the passage,which of the following usually happens to a ship as it sinks? A. It remains in an upright position. B. It gets transported by the currents. C. It breaks into pieces. D. It attracts marine life. 9. Which of the following objects found on the 900-year-old wreck most surprised the author? A.Money. B. Jars. C. Chicken bones. D. Glassware. 10.Which of the following features of an ancient ship is of most interest to the author? A. Speed. B. Contents. C. Location. D. Design. 6.【答案】A. 【解析】从上下文可知；在众多的沉船中，仅有不到1%的船里有如金子和首饰类的可流通的财物，大部分沉船给我们的是另一种珍贵的宝物——历史。这说明，“珍贵的宝物”在此指的是历史，即这些沉船告诉我们一些有关不同时代的信息。 7.【答案】A 【解析】在第一段第四句讲到：也许除了埃及的古墓之外，陆地上没有哪个地方比深海能更好地保护船只了。由这句话可知：作者把保护在深海里的沉船比作埃及的古墓。 8.【答案】C 【解析】在第二段第二句讲到：大部分船在下沉过程中破碎。 9.【答案】C 【解析】在最后一句中作者介绍说：1977年，一组海洋考古学者发掘了一只有900年历史的沉船，复原了雕刻的玻璃器，希腊硬币，铜壶，更令人吃惊的是希腊的装有种子、杏仁、小扁豆的罐，甚至一只盛有鸡骨头的盘子。这说明，最令作者吃惊的是鸡骨头。 10.【答案】B 【解析】在最后一段及第一段作者分别谈到的是船内的东西。这说明作者最感兴趣的是古船装载的东西。 Passage 3 In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men’s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors’ diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. 11. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____ A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion C. want of some essential substances D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits 12. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by ____. A. got rid of B. killed C. avoided D. cleared away 13. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it’s better for us ____. A. not to eat much salted meat B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables D. to develop a good dietary habit 14. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____. A. vitamin pills are of no avail B. nutritious food might be unhealthy C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy D. religious fasting may help out a lot 15. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage? A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases. B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body. C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people’s health. D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us. 11.【答案】C。 【解析】对于scurvy(败血症)整个第一段都在介绍其情况，是什么引起它的呢?这就要求读者对这一段的各细节都准确理解，文中很明确地提到败血症是由于水手的饮食中缺少一些东西而引起的，而败血症又可通过吃新鲜蔬果而避免，这是否意味着败血症是由于缺少新鲜蔬果而引起的呢?从字面看，似乎是正确的，有的读者会选D项，但我们仔细理解每一选项及原文，新鲜蔬果为什么能避免败血症，当然是由于其中含有丰富的维生素，从下文主要讲述的对象——维生素来看，我们也可猜到，真正引起败血症的是缺乏蔬果中的维生素，所以C项者是最准确的。 12.【答案】C。 【解析】用一个词或短语代替另一个词或短语，也是对词义的考查，通常可以从上下文来推断，既然败血症的产生原因已被查明，那么通过提供新鲜蔬果败血症当然能被“避免”。A项的除掉显然不正确，因为防治败血症可以通过多吃蔬果，但要除掉一种病症却不是那么简单的事。B项“杀死”，这与A项意思基本相似，也是不正确的。C项“避免”这与原文相符。D项“清除”这也与A、B两项相近，是不正确的。 13.【答案】D。 【解析】如何避免败血症的方法，文中已提到，可通过多吃新鲜蔬果的方法，正如第一题一样，透过表面文字新鲜蔬果的真正意义是什么?当然是指水手们单一的腌肉饮食太不合理，要补充蔬果以增加维生素，也就是说需要合理的饮食习惯，这样在仔细理解原文和选项后，我们不难发现D项是最合适的答案。 14.【答案】B。 【解析】这一题需要我们对全文都理解后才能得出答案，如果我们的食物摄取不够广泛会如何?A项“维生素丸没有用”，而文中未曾提到维生素丸的作用，而根据常识服食维生素丸是可以补充暂时的维生素不足的，因此A不正确。B项“有营养的食物也可能是不健康的”，正如文中提到的腌肉，虽然腌肉也有营养，但只吃咸肉而没有足够的维生素，水手们依然患了败血症，第二段第一句也表达了此意，因此B项是正确的。C项“蔬菜叶子可以作为一味好药”，如果食物摄取不广泛，蔬菜叶子并不能作万能的药，在文中它只适合于败血症的治疗，所以C项不准确。D项“宗教式的斋戒会很有帮助”，而文中提到，在进行斋戒时需要特别补充某些缺乏的维生素，所以D项不正确。 15.【答案】C。 【解析】这一题是读者对全文中心的理解，文章以败血症开篇引出维生素的重要性，末尾也提到了维生素的摄取途径，而这些都是为了突出维生素的重要性服务的。因此这篇文章的中心在于讲述维生素的重要性，所以应选C项。 Passage 4 The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word (rare—rarely, rarefy), and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words use only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing. Professor Seashore concluded that firstgraders enter school with at least 2,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller. You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them. 16. In the author’s estimation, there are ____ words in English. A. more than half a million B. at least 24,000 C. at least 80,000 D. more than a million 17. The word “obsolete” most probably means ____. A. no longer in use B. profound C. colorful or amusing D. common 18. One’s recognition vocabulary is ____. A. less often used than his active vocabulary B. smaller than his active vocabulary C. as large as his active vocabulary D. much larger than his active vocabulary 19. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary by ____. A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionary B. everyday spending half an hour study the dictionary C. consciously using the words you recognize in reading D. trying to use the words you recognize 20. From this passage we learn that ____. A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use of B. “schoolroom” is used in the passage as an example of a specialized term C. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active word D. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them 16.【答案】D。 【解析】在第一段中明确写道：保守估计，在听说读写各方面可能会遇到的英语单词超过一百万个。从这一句我们可以看出D项“一百万多个”是正确的。A项不正确，而B项是指高中毕业生的词汇量，C项是指一年级学生的词汇量。 17.【答案】A。 【解析】对这一题我们可以通过上下文的意思来判断，文中写道obsolete words是用来帮助我们阅读古代文学的，由此我们可推断出，obsolete words是用于古代文学中的，即老式词，所以A项“不再使用的”与原文相近，B、C、D都不正确。 18.【答案】D。 【解析】在第二段末尾，明确提到recognition vocabulary(认识词汇)是用于读或听的词汇，active vocabulary(会用的词汇)是说和写时用的词汇，后者比前者小得多，即会用的词汇小于认识的词汇，这样不难看出D项是正确的，而A项“比会用的词汇用得少”，这在原文中未曾提及，B、C两项与原文意思不符。 19.【答案】B。 【解析】这一题要求我们对原文充分理解后，结合排除法来做。文中第三段讨论了这个问题，我们可以在其中发现A项：把你需要用的词列成一张单子，然后在字典中查出生词的涵义，C项：有意识地多用你在阅读中认识的新词，D项：尝试使用你认识的词。在排除以上三项之后只有B项，每天读半小时的字典符合题意。 20.【答案】C。 【解析】这一题要求对全文通篇有所理解后才能决定出答案，并且这种题无法从文中找到一个可用判断的确切依据，须用排除法结合大意来做。A项认为“字典完全包括我们所用的词汇”，而原文中提到字典并不企图完全包含我们所用的词汇”，因此A是不正确的。B项认为“schoolroom在本文中用于说明特定术语”，而文中提到schoolroom时是作为复合词的例证，因此B是不正确的。C项认为“一旦你知道一个词如何发音且代表什么，你就掌握了这一单词”，这与原文中的“一旦你知道一个词如何发音且代表着什么，你就能安全地运用它”的意思相符，所以C项是正确的。 Reading Comprehension 3 Passage 1 According to the dictionary definition of “create”, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist”—something each of us does daily. We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sese to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun,” the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph. A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day to day activities. 1.Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage? A.To prepare a meal. B.To arrange the furniture in a peculiar way. C.To buy some books from a bookstore. D.To “write” a letter with the computer. 2.The author holds that ____. A.creativity is of highly demand B.creativity is connected with a deep insight to some extent C.creativity is to create something new and concrete D.to practise and practise is the only way to cultivate one’s creativity 3.“There is nothing new under the sun.” (Par.3) really implies that ____. A.we can seldom create new things B.a new thing is only a tale C.a new thing can only be created at the basis of original things D.we can scarcely see really new things in the world 4.What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice? A.It’s more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice. B.To find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing. C.One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice. D.A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor. 5.The best title for this passage is ____. A.How to Cultivate One’s Creativity B.What is Creativity C.The Importance of Creativity D.Creativity—a Not Farway Thing 1.【答案】C。 【解析】本题可用排除法。根据第一段可知创造力的含义是“使事物产生”，“致使事物存在”。这样就可得出结论，A、B、D项不能选，C为正确答案。 2.【答案】B。 【解析】主旨大意。选项B意为“创造力在一定程度上取决于非凡的洞察力。”根据最后一段，可知这是一种“天赋”，故正确。 3.【答案】C。 【解析】此题可在正确理解句子含义的基础上采取“排除法”来解答。根据上下文可以得知：此句的真正含义是“任何新事物的产生都是建立在原有事物基础之上的”。据此，这样就可确定C项为正确答案无疑。 4.【答案】C。 【解析】先找有关细节。此问题涉及到对文章第三段最后一句的理解。这样就可确定C为正确答案无疑。 5.【答案】B。 【解析】首先快速通读全文(注意主题句)，可知文章主要谈论的是“创造力的含义及其三个方面的表现”，整篇文章都是围绕创造力展开的。这样就可确定，B项为正确答案。 Passage 2 In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce. A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children’s emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent’s own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are. 6. In the past, American families tended to be ____. A. quite small B. medium sized C. quite large D. small 7. To parents who take the responsibility for children’sexpenses, the cost of living increases because ____. A. children attend school for more years B. children are better dressed C. children spend more money on entertainment D. all of the above 8. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents? A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn’t pay much attention to children. B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children. C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself. D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children. 9. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may ____. A. become worse B. remain the same C. get better D. keep unchanged 10. The title of the article might be ____. A. American Children B. American Families C. American Mother D. American Parents 6.【答案】C。 【解析】本文第一句话说明了过去美国家庭规模很大。 7.【答案】D。 【解析】回答此题要全面,仔细读文章不难发现,A.孩子们读书时间延长；B.孩子们穿着越来越好；C.孩子们花更多的钱在娱乐上。文中说是造成生活消费增长的原因,因此要选D。 8.【答案】D。 【解析】这题可用排除法做。本题问破裂的家庭会给孩子和家长带来什么困难。文中清楚说明孩子们不安定,因为要往来于父母之中, 孩子们的单亲父母得花更多的时间关心他们的心理、情绪,除了经济负担外, 以致他们没时间去满足自己的兴趣。A父母不管孩子;B孩子觉得自由; C父母忙于挣钱养活自己,这三项均与文章意见不符, 应排除掉,故选D。 9.【答案】C。 【解析】在文章最后作者指出有迹象表明情况好转,诸如离婚率降低,出生率上升。也许美国人已认识到家庭生活的重要性，我们可以体会到作者对未来美国家庭生活情形是持乐观态度的,所以选C“变好”。 10.【答案】B。 【解析】纵观全篇,A.美国儿童;C.美国母亲;D.美国父母, 三项均在文中提到过,但只是一个部分,都是B(美国家庭) 这个主题下的各个分支。而且文章主要还是讲述美国家庭生活的种种,故B 正确。 Passage 3 Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to plow. But that was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over. Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use. At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches for more sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isn’t just a matter of population growth. Our modern technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we need more power plants; cars must have highways and parking lots, and jets must have airports. Each of these land uses swallows up precious space.Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl --- the spreading out of cities --- is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But there is only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. A forest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife. It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection. 11. “…the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around ” means that ______. A. the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk around B. the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyone C. the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents’ needs D. the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to 12. The sentence of “Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over” suggests that _____. A. the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys, too B. the rivers could be damed later C. rural valleys would be considered in the future D. people needn't think of the rivers and valleys 13. “Now the land has been spoken for, …” tells us that _______. A. today, land has shown its values B. now, people have said something about land C. nowadays, land has been claimed by human beings D. recently, people spoke for the land 14. The phrase of “swallows up” informed us that _______. A. these usages of land have good results B. these lands must be used totally C. the precious space was taken completely D. the precious space were eaten up 15. The word “sprawl” indicates that ______. A. cities are developing very fast to meet the people’s demands B. urban areas are diminishing smoothly C. urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned way D. cities are spreading out without any plans 11.【答案】B。 【解析】句中关键词组 “go around” 意为 “be enough for everyone”，而不是 “ walk around” 的意思，所以选B。 12.答案A。 【解析】这实际上是由两个名词短语 plenty of rivers和plenty of rural valleys 组成，“ to dam”和“left over”分别是动词不定式和过去分词短语修饰前面的两个 词组，这里所表达的意思是美国还有很多河流可以在其上筑坝还剩下有许多峡谷可以利用。 13.【答案】C。 【解析】 句中词组“ speak for sth.”常用于被动语态，意思是“get the right to sth. in advance; reserve”，另外，根据上下文，运用排除法，可以确定选C。 14.【答案】C。 【解析】词组“ swallow up”意思是“use up completely; cause to disappear”。 15.【答案】D。 【解析】“ sprawl”意思是“spread out ungracefully over a wide area”。所以这个词在此表明城市扩张没有规划好。 Passage 4 He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man”. Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs. The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him. Socrates method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word. Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily. Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students. 16. In the first paragraph, the word “yet” is used to introduce____. A. contrast B. a sequence C. emphasis D.an example 17. Scorates was condemned to death because he ____. A. believed in law B. was a philosopher C. published radical philosophical articles D. advocated original opinions 18. The word “unsurpassed” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ____. A. untold B. unequalled C. unnoticed D. unexpected 19. By mentioning that Socrates himself never wrote anything, the writer implies that ____. A. it was surprising that Socrates was so famous B. Socrates was not so learned as he is reputed to have been C. Socrates used the work of his students in teaching D. the authorities refused to publish Socrates’ works 20. Socates accepted the death penalty to show ____. A. his belief in his students B. his contempt for conservatives C. his recognition of the legal system D. that he was not afraid of death 1.【答案】A 【解析】yet前面一句说苏格拉底被他的学生柏拉图称作最好、最公正和最智慧的人，后一句说苏格拉底因为信仰异教和腐蚀青年而被判有罪，两个句子句意截然相反，所以yet 表示转折。 2.【答案】D 【解析】文中第一段最后一句话“Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.”表明苏格拉底因为他的思想而被判死刑，所以正确答案是D)。 3.【答案】B 【解析】根据上下文可以得知苏格拉底的影响很大，所以unsurpassed influence应该是巨大影响，四个答案中只有unequalled最接近，意思是无比的。 4.【答案】A 【解析】见第三段最后一句话“Yet,for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.”，尽管苏格拉底名声和影响很大，但他却从未出版过任何著作，所以A)是正确答案。 5.【答案】D 【解析】文中最后一段提到“But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence.”，作为法律制度的坚定拥护者，苏格拉底提出应该服从死刑判决。因此，正确答案是D。 Reading Comprehension 4 Passage 1 Friedrich Dobl, a Yugoslav working in Germany, was fed up with traffic jams. At long weekends and holiday times when he wanted to get him quickly he always found himself behind hundreds of other cars moving slowly along the notorious foreign workers’ route through Germany and Austria. How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way. Going home from work one night he passed a garage. And there in front of him was the answer to his problem. An old ambulance was for sale. The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive. He bought the ambulance and opened up for himself a dream world of motoring. It began early in the morning, all his luggage in the back of the ambulance and motorway in Germany looking reasonably clear. Soon, as always, a long line of traffic appeared ahead. He switched on the flashing light and set off the siren. Cars swiftly slowed and pulled off the fast lane. Other cars stopped and drivers waved him ahead to an open road all his own. In record time he crossed the border into Austria. The big bluff was working. Police even waved him through the confusion caused by an accident. But then the Yugoslav made his beg mistake. Until then he had only stopped for petrol. Now he was driving past a real accident, lights flashing, too late to realize that it was not another traffic jam as he assumed. They stopped him, and after hearing the story of his ride across two countries fined him 12.5 pounds. 1. At long weekends and holidays Friedrich Dobl used to____ . A. drive home in Germany B. meet other foreign workers C. get caught in terrible traffic jams D. get to the place where he worked by a special quick route 2. Why did he decide to buy the ambulance? A. Because he had always wanted one. B. Because he wanted to resell it at a higher price. C. Because he liked the siren and the flashing light. D. Because he knew that other traffic would get clear of the way for an ambulance. 3. The red cross had been removed ____. A. but he soon put up a new one B. but the siren and the flashing light still worked C. so he asked the garage to paint another one on D. because the vehicle did not look like an ambulance any more 4. When the police stopped him, ____. A. he was driving dangerously B. he had just driven straight past an accident C. they found 12.5 pounds in his pocket D. they told him they had followed him all the way 5. Which of the followings might be the best title for the passage? A. How to Drive Quickly. B. How to Avoid Accidents. C. A Quick Way Home? By An Ambulance. D. A Safe Way Home? Non-Stop. 1.【答案】C 【解析】从本文第一段可以得知，在德国工作的南斯拉夫人Friedrich Dobl每个周末和放假都会回家，他在穿过德国和奥地利回国的路上受够了交通堵塞。由此可见答案A)回德国的家B)跟其他外国工人见面D)由一条捷径去工作的地方与原文不符，只有答案C)正确。 2.【答案】D 【解析】文中第二段开头提到“How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way.”，意思是对警察和急救人员来说就太简单了，一个警示灯和一个警报器，然后象魔术一样，所有的人都给你让路。由此可见，答案D)是正确答案。 3.【答案】B 【解析】见文中第二段，“The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive.”，警示灯和警报器都还在，试了试，警示灯很亮，警报器很响，所以正确答案是B。 4.【答案】B 【解析】见原文最后一段，“Now he was driving past a real accident, ... They stopped him”，他开车经过一个真正的车祸现场，他们让他停下，由此可推断出正确答案是B。 5.【答案】C 【解析】详见内容概要，文章主要是关于一个外国工人为了躲过交通堵塞快点到家而买辆救护车来开的故事，所以答案C)最合适。答案A)如何开快车B)如何避免交通事故D)如何安全回家？——不要停！都跟本文大意不符。 Passage 2 Some researchers claim that people’s personalities can be classified by their blood types.If you have blood type O, you are a leader. When you see something you want, you strive to achieve your goal. You are passionate, loyal, and self-confident, and you are often a trendsetter. Your enthusiasm for projects and goals spreads to others who happily follow your lead. When you want something, you may be ruthless about getting it or blind to how your actions affect others. Another blood type, A, is a social, “people” person. You like people and work well with them. You are sensitive, patient, compassionate, and affectionate. You are a good peacekeeper because you want everybody to be happy. In a team situation, you resolve conflicts and keep things on a smooth course. Sometimes type As are stubborn and find it different to relax. They may also find it uncomfortable to do things alone. People with type B blood are usually individualists who like to do things on their own. You may be creative and adaptable, and you usually say exactly what you mean. Also you can adapt to situations, you may not choose to do so because of your strong independent streak. You may prefer working on your own to being part of a team. The final blood type is type AB. If you have AB blood, you are a natural entertainer. You draw people to your because of your charm and easygoing nature. ABs are usually calm and controlled, tactful and fair. On the downside, though, they may take too long to make decisions. And they may procrastinate, putting off tasks until the last minute. 6. The passage is written by means of ____. A. enumeration B. process analysisC. classification D. examplification 7. People with type O will do the following things except____. A. direct a board B. burn the night’s oil C. be considerate D. self-oriented 8. Which of the following is not the feature of type A? A. Stubborn. B. Sensitive. C. Reserved. D. Patient. 9. What is Not true to type B? A. He likes to work by himself. B. He doesn’t think much before he speaks. C. He has many original ideas. D. He cannot fit in with the environment. 10. The best profession for a type AB is ____. A. Musician B. Peacekeeper C. Actor D. Spokesman 6.【答案】C 【解析】本文按照血型分别谈论人的性格，这种写作方法叫分类。 7.【答案】C 【解析】原文谈到O型血的人作领导，会尽力做好想做的事情，又十分自信。但不太在意别人的感受。因而答案选C。 8.【答案】C 【解析】原文第三段有相关信息。 9.【答案】D 【解析】原文第四段说明B型血的人是有适应性并能够适应环境的。 10.【答案】C 【解析】本文最后一段提及AB血型的人是天生的演艺人员。因而答案选C。 Passage 3 Before the 1870’s, trained nurses were virtually unknown in the United States, Hospital nursing was an unskilled occupation taken up by women of the lower classes, some of whom were conscripted from the penitentiary or the almshouse. The movement for reform originated not with doctors, but among upper-class women, who had taken on the role of guardians of a new hygienic order. Though some doctors approved of the women’s desire to establish a nurses training school, which would attract the daughters of the middle class, other medical men were opposed. Plainly threatened by the prospect, they objected that educated nurses would not do as they were told-a remarkable comment on the status anxieties of nineteenth-century physicians. But the women reformers did not depend on the physicians’ approval: When resisted, as they were at Bellevue in efforts to install trained nurses on the maternity wards, they went over the heads of the doctors to men of their own class of greater power and authority. (Florence Nightingale, who had friends high in the English government, had followed exactly the same course in reforming beer country’s military hospitals.) Professional nursing, in short, emerged neither from medical discoveries nor from a program of hospital reform initiated by physicians; outsiders saw the need first. 209 11. Which of the following the best title for the passage? A. Public Hygiene in the United States B. Florence Nightingale: A Nurse’s Story C. The Fight for Nursing Education in the United States D. Health Care in Upper and Lower-Class Neighborhoods 12. According to the passage, nurses in the United States in the 1850’s could best be described as A. poor, untrained women B. young medical students C. wives of military officers D. middle-class men and women 13. The author states that the first advocates of nursing training in the United States were A. medical men B. upper-class women C. professional nurses D. military commanders 14. Why does the author mention Florence Nightingale? A. To describe the career of a pioneer of United States medicine B. To show that women doctors supported the effort to upgrade nursing C. To prove that conditions differed in military and civilian hospitals D. To show the similarity of her tactics to those used by United States reformers 15. In line 24, the word “outsiders” refers to people who A. had been rejected by society B. were not part of the medical establishment C. had been severely injured in military combat D. were not citizens of the United States 11.【答案】C 【解析】The Fight for Nursing Education in the United States；本文从头到尾讲的全是美国上层妇女为建立护士教育而进行的斗争。略读一遍，读懂大意，即可得出正确答案为C。 12.【答案】A 【解析】poor, untrained women；本文第二句描述的1870年代以前的护士，是unskilled，来自lower classes的妇女。这意味着她们是未受过训练的贫穷妇女。 13.【答案】B 【解析】upper-class women本文第三句中的The movement for reform是指要求改革当时的护理状况，进行护理训练。即使不认识originated和advocate这两个词，也可据此猜出正确答案为B。 14.【答案】D 【解析】To show the similarity of her tactics to those used by United States reformers；文末括号中关于Nightingale的这一句明确指出，她采取了与美国改革者们完全一样的做法，故正确答案为。 15.【答案】B 【解析】were not part of the medical establishment；大体读懂最后一句，即可看出这里的outsiders是指医务界以外的人，故正确答案为B。 Passage 4 At Cape Churchill in northeastern Manitoba, where the shore of Hudson Bay makes an abrupt 92-degree turn to the west, polar bears congregate in the autumn, waiting for the ice that is their home. By November, pack ice has formed beyond the fast ice, and the bears are moving. To be at the very tip of the Cape in November is to be in the middle of a slow but steadily flowing river of bears, methodically picking their way across the jumbled ice in a straight-line push for their hunting grounds. The polar bears of Hudson Bay are a distinct population thriving at the southern end of their range. Polar bears live on seals, and to hunt them the bears must have ice to get to where the seals are. Yet in Hudson Bay the ice melts by July and the bears have to come ashore, there to spend four months eating very little, digging into sand dunes and dirt so they can stay cool in the summer “hear,” relaxing into a physiological state like that of black bears in winter dens. They are the polar bear population most accessible to humans, and they are not only the best studied but the most easily experienced by amateur naturalists, photographers, and just plain tourists. 213 16. With what aspect of bears lives is the passage mainly concerned? A. Their evolution B. Their hunting skills C. Their temperament D. Their seasonal movements 17. According to the passage, polar bears congregate at Cape Churchill during the A. spring B. summer C. fall D. winter 18. The author uses the expression “steadily flowing river of bears” (line7) to illustrate the A. large number of migrating bears B. bears graceful movements C. danger the bears represent D. bears’ love of the water 19. When the bears move out onto the ice, they look for their A. dens B. young C. food D. mates 20. It can be inferred from the passage that the polar bear population of Hudson Bay A. is one of several polar bear populations B. is unfriendly toward humans C. consumes food voraciously during the whole yeas D. is an endangered species 16.【答案】D 【解析】Their seasonal movements； 本文没有涉及北极熊的进化A与性格C；对于它的捕猎海豹B，仅有一句话涉及，并非主要内容。本文第一段和第二段的大部分，谈的都是北极熊随季节变化而进行的迁移D。 17.【答案】C 【解析】fall；文中第一句中的主句指出北极熊在秋天聚集，正确答案为C。 18.【答案】A 【解析】large number of migrating bears；“steadily flowing river of bears”是一种形象的说法。把北极熊的行列比喻为一条“不停地流动的河流”，以说明其数目之多，正确答案为A。 19.【答案】C 【解析】food；第二段第二句后半句解释了北极熊走到冰上的原因：去到有海豹的地方捕捉海豹，而海豹是其藉以生存的食物，因而正确答案为C。 20.【答案】A 【解析】is one of several polar bear populations；本文最后一句是通过推论求解本题的主要依据。这一句中的主语They显然是指the polar bear population of Hudson Bay. 它们既然是“人最易接近的北极熊”，除了它们之外，必然还有人不那么容易接近的北极熊。由此可以推论：它们仅是北极熊中的一种而已，故正确答案为A。 Reading Comprehension 5 Passage 1 The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who were born and brought up around the Second World War. They showed their disdain (蔑视，轻视) for almost everything traditional, such as government authority, respect for parents, one’s duty, moral standards, and traditional customs. They developed a kind of absolute individualism and liberty.They preferred long hair, mini-dresses or close-fitting clothes to show off the figure. They advocated freedom of sex and cohabitation (同居). Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law. And the divorce rate was very high. The endless U.S wars abroad and sharp class struggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism. They doubted the existing social system,possibility of harmonious human relations, and the long honored standard for correct behavior. They felt society overlooked their needs. Therefore, they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society. They declared “Don’t believe anyone over thirty.” All this came from the sick society. It’s wrong to imagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things. Some of their ideas were even more decadent (颓废的)and impractical. It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society. 1. Based on the passage, how many of one hundred and twenty American couples of the beat generation practiced cohabitation? A. about 20 couples. B. about 30 couples. C. about 60 couples. D. about 40 couples. 2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.The beat generation’s refused to do any duty. B.The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional. C.The beat generation believes no one except that he is over thirty. D.The beat generation’s ideas were not impractical. 3. “Cynicism” in this passage most probably means ____. A. a state of mind against realism B. a state of mind doubting everything in existence C. a theory advocating mutual help D. a theory advocating individualism 4.The reason why the beat generation refused to cooperate with society was ____. A. they had no interest B. they found hard to cooperate with it C. the laws block their way to do so D. they thought their need was neglected 5.This passage is mainly about ____. A. the young Americans B. the generation gap C. the education of the young D. an American social phenomenon 1.【答案】D。 【解析】由文中“...about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law.”可知大约三分之一的是选择 Cohabitation.因此，本题正确答案是选项D。 2.【答案】A。 【解析由文中“...they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society.”和“They showed their disdain for almost everything traditional...”因此，选项A是正确的。 3.【答案】B。 【解析】文中有“They doubted the existing social system,possibility of harmonious human relations,and the long-honored standard for correct behavior.”因此，选项B是正确的。 4.【答案】D。 【解析】文中有“They felt society overlooked their needs.”因此，选项D是正确的。 5.【答案】D。 【解析】本文最后一句是“It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society.”因此，选项D是正确的。 Passage 2 We have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God-given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jetlike speed toward gaining political independence, but we still creep at horse-and buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at a lunch counter. Perhaps it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say, “Wait.” But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch(处以私刑) your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at will; when you have seen hate-filled policemen curse, kick, and even kill your black brothers and sisters; when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in and airtight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society; when you suddenly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering(口吃) as you seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why she cannot go to the public amusement park that has just been advertised on TV, and see tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see ominous clouds of inferiority(自卑) beginning to form in her little mental sky, and see her beginning to distort her personality by developing an unconscious bitterness toward white people——then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over, and men are no longer willing to be plunged into the abyss of despair. I hope, sirs you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience. 6. Which of the following best describe the tone of the article? A. Emotional. B. Factual.C. Pessimistic. D. Balanced. 7. Which of the following is NOT the response of the six-year-old girl mentioned in this passage? A. Her tongue twisted. B. Tears filled her eyes. C. She felt inferior. D. She starts to hate the white. 8. The writer might be ____. A. a victim B. a leader C. a Negro D. a boy 9. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To motivate people. B. To teach how to educate a child. C. To defend civil disobedience.D. To complain of an unjust law. 10. The writer might do all of the following things except for ____. A. lead a bus-boycott B. launch a campaign against segregation C. write a book entitled as Stride Towards Freedom D. lead a march to surround the jail 6. 【答案】A。 【解析】本文虽有大量的事实，但它们都出现在when开头的排比句中，表达了强烈的感情色彩。因而，答案选A。 7. 【答案】A。 【解析】本文提及的是父亲难以给六岁女孩解释为什么她不能去限制黑人的地方，而哑口无言。其余三项均可在文中找到明确的信息。 8.【答案】C。 【解析】推断题。本段中的we说明作者是其中一员。 9.【答案】C。 【解析】主旨题。本文开头说明黑人已经等待了340年还没有得到宪法和天赋的权利。期间黑人遭受了歧视性待遇，再也不能等下去了。他们采取的温和抵抗是不得已而为之。其余三项与原文不符。 10.【答案】D。 【解析】推断题。温和抵抗或不合作主义都是非暴力的，本文中也表明黑人在等待的意思，只是再也难以忍受了，再也等不及了。由此可知，答案为D。 Passage 3 At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by electrical equipment under the carpet. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room — a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms. 11. Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage? A. People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms. B. The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it. C. The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of room on people’s behavior. D. Beautifully furnished, light-coloured rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms. 12. According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ________. A. the longer people like to stay in it B. the sooner people in it will leave C. the more active people in it will become D. the more excited people 13. What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ________. A. how many broadwindows a room has, B. through which sunlight might come in the size of a room C. whether there are beautiful walls in a room D. what the room looks like 14. This passage provides us with _______. A. a piece of scientific information B. a normal lesson C. an interesting test D. a piece of news 15. At least how many tests were carried out by the scientists referred to in this passage? A. Three B. Two C. Only one D. No one knows 11.【答案】B。 【解析】主旨大意题。全篇文章在谈到人们对不同颜色及房子的外观给人们的行为有深刻的影响。其中看这一句：Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside。 12.【答案】A。 【解析】细节判断题。看原句：The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one。由此可以推断出来：人们愿意住在白色的房子里而不愿意住在黑色的房子里。 13.【答案】D。 【解析】逻辑推理。即房子的外观。 14.【答案】A。 【解析】这一结论是依据科学实验得出的。因此正确选项为A。 15.【答案】A。 【解析】细节题。第三段很明确地告诉读者，受试者一共分为三组。 Passage 4 One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel. Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one-third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state’s 77,000 square miles. With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating, some solution had to be found. Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer. Buffalo chips (干粪块) were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and interestingly, no odor. Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers’ children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance. Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry, would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers. 16. What is the main topic of this passage? A. The solution to the Nebraska settlers’ fuel problem. B. Life in Nebraska in the late ninteenth century. C. The imporance of the American buffalo. D. Deforestation in Nebraska in the late nineteenth century. 17. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Nebraska was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived. B. The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chips. C. The children spent a lot of time collecting the chips. D. Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel. 18. The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed _______. A. in greater amounts in summer B. in greater amounts in winter C. only in summer D. only in winter 19. Which of the following does the author not express surprise at? A. The children needed competitions to them. B. The buffalo chips gave off no smell. C. Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers’ fuel problem. D. Young men took bags of buffalo chips to their girl friends. 20. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Early Settlers B. One Use of the Buffalo Chips C. Nebraska’s Problems D. How Young Men Express Their Love for Girls 16.【答案】A。 【解析】细节判断题。第一段告诉我们：One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel。燃料是当时Nebraska的最大问题之一。 17.【答案】B。 【解析】推断题。孩子们在上下学的路上拣干粪块并不是乐意，而是不得不为之。 18.【答案】B。 【解析】推断型问题。由于在Nebraska燃料是当地人们的最大问题。甚至连小伙子们会见姑娘都要带一包干粪块，可见其在人们心目中的重要程度。 19.【答案】A。 【解析】推断型。文中提到children …take part in competitions in collecting buffalo chips。 20.【答案】B。 【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章主要是谈及的Nebraska燃料缺乏，对早期移民的重要性。根据文章分析可以得知正确选项是B。 |
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