第二部分、词汇讲义

　　一、扫除词汇死角、不择手段背单词

　　1. 下载词汇表，编辑、打印成便携式卡片。

　　2. 在每张卡片上注明背诵及每次复习的时间。

　　3. 每次复习时遮住汉语注释部分，能说出汉语意义即为通过，否则做个记号，重点复习。

　　3. 随时随地，走火入魔式复习。要善于利用零碎时间(3-5分钟)为复习一张卡片时间。

　　10.22背 10.23复1 10.26复2 11.4复3abandon/ ə’bændən/ vt.丢弃；放弃，抛弃aboard/ ə’bɔ:d/ ad.在船(车)上；上船absolute/ ‘æbsəlu:t/ a.绝对的；纯粹的absolutely/ ‘æbsəlu:tli/ ad.完全地；绝对地absorb/ əb’sɔ:b/ vt.吸收；使专心abstract/ ’æbstrækt/ n.摘要abundant/ ə’bΛndənt/ a.丰富的；大量的abuse/ ə’bju:z, ə’bju:s/ vt.滥用；虐待 n.滥用academic/ ækə’demik/ a.学院的；学术的accelerate/ æk’seləreit/ vt.(使)加快；促进access/ ‘ækses/ n.接近；通道，入口accidental/ æksi’dentl/ a.偶然的；非本质的accommodate/ ə’kɔmədeit/ vt.容纳；供应，供给

　　二、常见同义词用法错误辨析

　　多数中国学生由于平时背单词时只记汉语解释，而词典或词汇表中汉语的解释非常笼统，很多英语单词的汉语解释相同或类似，结果使很多单词被误认为是同义词，最后在选择词汇题和选词造句时就出现了严重的问题！

　　下面几个单词的用法在收集的错误中比例非常高,而在表达时由于其使用频率很高,因此必须保证在这些地方多加小心。注意下面列举的用法错误(划线部分的)属于词汇用法问题，而不是语法结构问题。

　　启示：词典(英汉、汉英、电子)的正确使用方法。

　　一、单词错误

　　(一)名词错误

　　1. How perfect your personal technology, if you don’t work …, you’ll lose the match. (skills)

　　2. …, I will make the distance short between the rich and the poor in my hometown. (gap)

　　3. Only one short sentence can encourage her/his child very much. (a few words)

　　4. You will have a cheerful emotion (mood)

　　5. Since…, people’s life level is improving fast. (living standard)

　　6. People chatting online are not telling each other the true word. (truth)

　　7. If a person doesn’t want to talk about or tell their heart-thing to his friends,… (worries/concers/cares)

　　8. he would have some spiritual barricade. (mental breakdown)

　　9. In the rainy weather, the cases (road conditions) are especially terrible. (things)表示情况的词汇辨析：case, circumstance, situation,

　　10. Just like playing games, one mark will let you lose. (point)比较score, result,mark,point.

　　(二)形容词错误

　　1. In my opinion, to be a good parent is…for her/his child. This thought is so easy. (simplistic)

　　2. If you don’t want to lead an easy life, work hard! (simple/ordinary)

　　3. He told me he wanted to call me when I was convenient, but I was cheated. (available/free)

　　4. The fire was coming to them, so all of them were very dangerous. (in danger)

　　5. After this incident, I was very painful and did not want to go to school. (upset)

　　6. Prices are much cheaper in street markets. (lower)

　　7. If you are high level, you will be noticed by others quickly. (outstanding)

　　8. …they know they must learn about the past, they should be hard. (hard-working)

　　9. As far as my English is concerned, my vocabulary is too little. (limited)

　　10. Eating outside is not as economic as cooking and eating at home. (economical)

　　11. Receiving the results, my mind was completely empty. (blank)

　　12. Hearing his words, my heart became very complex. (heavy)

　　(三)动词和动词短语

　　1. They think: “I must can’t pass the exam whatever it is, so I give up.” (delete)

　　2. TV watchers, like me, don’t like the programs to be broken by the ads. (interrputed)

　　3. A man who is too proud must not take other people’s advice. (will definitely )

　　4. Because…, he must meet all sorts of difficulties and obstacles. (will surely/definitely)

　　5. Only when you insist working hard, can you realize your ideal. (keep)

　　6. I was very angry that she doubted that I cheated in her exam. (suspected)

　　7. If that’s the case, our hometown must become more beautiful in the future. (will definitely)

　　(四)副词

　　1. Especially, science and technology are highly important and emphasized. (Particularly)

　　2. Only this, they can make the distant with children short. (thus/in this way)

　　二、搭配错误

　　(一)动词+名词搭配错误(动词与名词不搭配)

　　1. Teamwork spirit is very important, especially when you attend the match such as football match. (participate in)

　　2. Her father received the telephone and told me that she…and I felt very … (answered)

　　3. This certainly effects the people’s lives; they can choose any kind if they want. (affect)

　　4. All these could effect the marks of the exam and might make them unable to study in a school a whole year. (affect)

　　5. It seemed that no one who can cause my attention. (attract)

　　6. It (maths problem) was that hard that (it) spent him a whole night. (took)

　　7. It is students’ duty to study knowledge at university.(acquire)

　　8. Love is not all about roses, every one has to work to maintain his/her life. (sustain)

　　9. All parents want their kids to accept good education. (receive)

　　10. The old man appreciated him very much. (liked)

　　11. Because it is still exist and effect you. (affect)

　　12. Some freshmen are trying to suit the new school. (adapt to)

　　13. Internet also effects one’s health. (affects)

　　14. When we touch the other people in the society, … (are in contact with)

　　15. At the same time you omit the friends around you. (ignore)

　　16. …, but we can’t speak our unhappiness to other people… (tell)

　　17. I dream one day, the farmers go abroad to study new knowledge. (acquire)

　　18. So it is important to raise the friendship between people. (promote)

　　19. Now we are learning knowledge in the university, self-confidence can help us… (acquiring)

　　20. Why did he (Bill Gates) receive so great success? (achieve)

　　21. …and you also must know how it (TV) effects our living. (affects)

　　22. On my first day at college, I met many new faces. (saw)

　　23. I think the educational department should light the students’ burden. (reduce/lighten)

　　24. It not only expands our eyes, (widens)

　　25. My mother is very patient and not afraid me add trouble. (make trouble)

　　26. Young people worship stars blindly so they will miss themselves. (lose)

　　27. If we don’t delete the examinations, quality education is an empty word. (abolish)

　　(二)及物、不及物动词混用

　　1. I pity XXX very much when I heard that father divorced with her mother ... (divorced)

　　2. Some students are very lazy and only prepare the exams ... (prepare for)

　　3. I usually relax myself by listening to light music. (delete)

　　4. In classroom, we often argue questions to enlarge our minds. (argue over)

　　5. I disagree the opinion “leaning about the past has no … in the present”. (disagree with)

　　6. To me, I prefer to agree the latter one. (agree to)

　　7. A good parent shouldn’t interfere his child’s life too much. (interfere in)

　　8. If the consumers complain the quality of the products, … (complain about)

　　9. I don’t believe fate because the road is under your foot. (believe in)

　　10. I felt very angry that he said I did not care him. (care about)

　　(三)形容词+名词搭配

　　1. In modern society, people’s nervous work often makes them too tired. (intense)

　　2. If you are not confident, you’ll never face the cruel competition in the society. (fierce)

　　3. My hometown, a small village with hard-working and simple-minded people. (pure and honest)

　　4. First, the advanced school and high level teachers are needed. (well-qualified)

　　5. It is better not to be romantic in our realistic life. (real)

　　6. We all expected him to be a black horse in the football match against class2. (dark)

　　7. Now the summer holiday is over, and nervous study life has begun. (intense)

　　8. In big cities, there is always crowded traffic, while in the countryside… (heavy/congested)

　　(四) 汉语成语的影响

　　1. I am eighteen years old and I am the pearl on my parents’ palm. (apple of my parents’ eye)

　　2. Plain face towards sky is my habit. (Wearing no make up/ Chinese phrase ‘sumianchaotian’)

　　3. A parent mustn’t pick shoots to help growth. (spoil children by excessive enthusiasm)

　　4. It is no better than fifty paces laughing at 100 paces. (the pot calls the kettle black)

　　5. All parents look their sons to be dragons and (expect their sons to be talents)

　　6. (All parents look…) their daughters to be phoenix. (expect their daughters to be talents)

　　7. If you don’t admit this point, you are stealing bell covering ears. (deceiving yourself)

　　(五) 未归类错误

　　1. …and we are always having touch with each other. (keeping)

　　2. I think it is very right to say pride leads to failure. (quite)

　　3. If I can change, I will extend the small factories in my hometown and ... (expand)

　　4. He committed suicide three times and at last he decided to live on to struggle. (attempted)

　　自我总结：

　　1、平日记忆单词的习惯; 2、平日使用词典的习惯; 3、改进的方案;

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